Varieties of dentures: what are the dental structures, which ones are more convenient and attractive for the price

In dentistry, prosthetics is perhaps the most popular service.Lost and destroyed teeth is not only an aesthetic, but also a physiological problem that affects overall health.Therefore, restoration of the teeth, their structure, shape or replacement, if it is impossible to restore it, is very important.

To date, prostheses - the only alternative to their own teeth, it is not surprising that a lot of attention is paid to the development of new technologies and techniques in the field of prosthetics.But many options for prosthetics make you wonder which one to choose.

Types of dentures and their characteristics

Dental prostheses are of two types: removable and non-removable.Each of these types has its own versions, which differ in its functionality , aesthetic appearance, fabrication material, installation method and, of course, price.Accordingly, each of them has both advantages and disadvantages.

Removable differs in that they can be removed and installed when you are comfortable.Fixed and fixed in such a way that you can remove them only with the help of a specialist.

Removable devices are generally versatile.The fact that they can be removed independently and put on again , when you need its owner - a definite plus.But they do not fit tightly in the mouth, and if you wear them for a long time, the palate deforms, and the fit becomes even looser.

Non-removable designs are tightly and reliably fixed in the oral cavity, but they are difficult to install, besides, if your teeth are not enough, such prostheses do not fit.Of course, the patient chooses the type of device for prosthetics after he gets acquainted with all the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of each species.

But in any case requires a consultation with the dentist , who will be able to determine which prosthesis can be installed in a particular situation, which one will be optimal, whether there are any contraindications or any factors interfering with prosthetics.

Removable dentures

When it comes to removable devices, they can be divided into the following types:

• partially removable;
• fully removable;
• on acrylic base;
• on nylon basis;
• clasp.

Partially removable prosthesis

Partially removable products are used if the patient can not install a permanent prosthesis.To do this, it is necessary to have in the oral cavity a few of your own teeth, which will act as a support for the prosthesis.

These prostheses replace several( from two or more) missing teeth from either side of the jaw - both the upper and lower.Sometimes they are used as a temporary cosmetic for some dental activities.Temporary prosthesis are called Immedioprostheses .Most of the partially removable structures have no age restrictions.

Particles are manufactured from one to four weeks by an orthodontist and a technician, and the patient must often visit a dental clinic.Plate devices are used to replace a row of 2 or more teeth.

If it is necessary to replace one tooth or more, the use of soft removable on a nylon basis is optimal.If you need a replacement from one to a whole series of teeth, then you should pay attention to one of the latest developments in orthopedics - clasp prostheses.

Advantages of these prostheses:

• Economical.
• Reliable and durable.
• Safe.
• Aesthetic.

But many patients complain of discomfort and even pain from wearing such a device, as well as a frequent violation of diction and taste sensations.The most uncomfortable are prosthetic devices, made from solid plastics, but at the same time are cheaper than more comfortable products made from soft plastics.

Nevertheless, plate products are available to most patients, they are unpretentious in maintenance, are quickly manufactured and installed by , moreover they have an undoubted advantage - they evenly distribute the load to the entire jaw.

The main drawback of such designs is that they are able to cause atrophy of soft bone tissue .However, specialists are gradually moving from the plate base to the metal base, which no longer causes such deformations.

Nylon-based prostheses

Flexible prostheses on a nylon basis have existed for several years, but are already well known to clinic patients.They are recommended to use only as temporary , limiting the wearing to several weeks.

They are made of thermoplastics that do not cause allergic reactions, are hygienic, elastic and differ enviable strength - the nylon denture does not break if it, for example, is dropped to the floor.

For such structures, it is not necessary to pre-process teeth - it is enough to remove the impression.The prices for them are quite acceptable - a complete removable nylon prosthesis costs about 25 thousand rubles .

Nevertheless, thermoplastic prostheses are not ideal: they absorb water, lose their original properties, accumulate foreign, including unpleasant, odors, are not able to distribute the load on the entire oral cavity.

Because of this, over time, the design no longer holds as it should.And although with a healthy oral cavity nylon products can be used up to 10-15 years, specialists do not advise making full prostheses of them and wearing them for a long time.

Clasp prosthesis

These prostheses are high-tech.They appeared not so long ago, but quickly became popular, even for picky patients.The development of this design made it possible to realize all the advantages of conventional prostheses, while their shortcomings were minimized.

These compact devices are based on a basis - arc-plate structure made of metal , on which artificial teeth are attached.They cover only those places in the oral cavity where there are no teeth, without touching the healthy part of the mouth.In general, such a prosthesis looks very aesthetically pleasing, besides its cost is not too high and quite comparable to the price of dental implantation.

The minus of this product is that the design is attached to the clasps - special hooks - to healthy teeth and as a result can damage the enamel on them.And, of course, like any foreign body, at first clasp prostheses can cause discomfort up to a vomiting reflex, increased salivation and loss of taste sensations.

In some cases may change the diction of , the patient may be uncomfortable eating - biting and chewing food.But over time, there is an addiction, discomfort disappears.

Such dental prostheses are shown if only a tooth fracture has started in the oral cavity and a small number of teeth is missing, plus there are healthy ones that will be fixed to the prosthesis.They do not need to be rented at night, they are easy to take care of.By the way, clasp dentures can also be immovable.

Acrylic dentures

Dental structures on acrylic base are also quite in demand, especially if the patient has no teeth at all or contraindications to implantation.Otherwise, such prostheses are not inferior to other types, but from an aesthetic point of view they are almost perfect, as they imitate the natural appearance of the jaw system.

They can be installed on any jaw or even on both at once, so the acrylic dental products from are very popular with in older people who have lost all or almost all of their teeth, however, they have no contraindications for installation at any age.

Similar prostheses make both partially, and completely removable.They are light, comfortable enough , easy to care for, distribute the load on the entire jaw.Thanks to the manufacturing technology, acrylic prostheses are not only reliable, but also quite affordable, besides they are produced very quickly, literally for one visit to the dentist.

The cost of a full acrylic prosthesis is on the average from 8 to 20 thousand rubles .However, these seemingly ideal dentures also have their disadvantages:

1. Physical effects cause atrophy of soft tissues in the oral cavity.
2. Wash tooth enamel of healthy teeth by attachment.
3. They have allergic reactions.
4. Provoke the development of negative microflora, which causes an unpleasant odor from the mouth.

Fixed dental structures

A permanent denture, as the name suggests, can not be removed when the patient wants it.But such prostheses differ reliability and long service life of and have excellent aesthetic characteristics.

They are recommended for children and young and middle-aged people in the absence of one or several teeth.Non-removable dental devices are divided into several types:

• microprostheses( or partial);
• crowns( single and cantilevered);
• bridges;
• implants.

All of them differ in construction, materials of manufacture, the way of installation and preparation for it, and also the price.The choice of the type of permanent prosthesis depends on the condition of the patient's jaw system.

Microprostheses are indicated for partial damage or destruction of the tooth.They aesthetically imitate the natural tooth , can mask significant defects of the teeth, which is especially important in case of damage to the visible side, while they are much stronger than any seal.

Dental crowns are placed on the implants.And also on partially damaged teeth and even on the roots of the tooth.Bridged dentures are recommended in the absence of one or all of the teeth.

Microprostheses

Microprostheses include: inserts, veneers and lumineers .Tabs are used as an alternative to sealing, veneers and lumineers - to correct the appearance of teeth.They are made of porcelain or ceramic, fixed on the visible outside, without touching the back side.

Despite its external brittleness and microscopic thickness, this is a very sturdy product that reliably protects the tooth for up to 10 years without losing its aesthetic component.The tabs also serve much longer than usual seals, but they are not desirable to be used for serious dental diseases.

Veneers and lumineers also can not be used in a number of cases, for example, with extensive caries.It should be noted that of the majority of ways to preserve the appearance of the teeth or to mask their deformation of veneers and lumineers - the fastest and at the same time inexpensive.

Teeth crowns

The tooth crown also perfectly conceals the defects of the tooth, while restoring its physiological functions.Often, crowns are used to prepare the supporting teeth for the installation of the bridge prosthesis.Crowns are shown in the case of: loss of natural tooth, strong tooth defect and fluorosis.

In many cases, crowns are an indispensable tool for aligning the tooth and giving it the right appearance; they are strong and reliable products, and at an affordable price they are available to the absolute majority.

However, they are not recommended for allergic reactions to the crown material, for periodontal disease and weak tooth roots, and also if the upper part of the tooth does not allow the crown to be installed reliably due to impaired integrity.In addition, crowns are not placed on the children until the body is formed.

Various materials are used to make dental crowns:

• Ceramics.
• Metal.
• Precious alloys.

In terms of aesthetics, it is advisable to install crowns from ceramics or cermets on the front teeth.In addition, this material is less often rejected by the tissues of the tooth.

Bridges

The bridge, as the bridgework is often called, is a reliable and durable version of the prosthesis, shown with the loss of one or more teeth.

The bridge is affordable, besides there are different ways of fixing such a prosthesis, therefore it is quite popular among patients of .

Bridges are fastened in the following ways:

• on own teeth,
• on implanted implants,
• for special glue.

In addition to reliability, the bridge structure almost can not be changed color from the effects of various dyes such as tea or coffee, with its help you can eat any food, even the hardest, getting used to the bridge is very fast.

If you compare the bridge, for example, with implanted teeth, then, of course, it is inferior in some technical characteristics, but its teeth are practically the same as the real ones, and the cost is much more pleasant.

If the patient has problems with the presence of teeth, the bridge can be installed on pre-implanted implants that will be used as supports for the bridge, but this is a long and complex procedure and also not too cheap.Of the other disadvantages of such prostheses, it is possible to cancel the need for preliminary turning of the dental jaw system.

Implantation features

Implant placement is the most advanced tooth restoration technology, the implanted teeth are absolutely identical to all the natural characteristics.The price of such prostheses is noticeably higher than that of others, but this is justified by the effectiveness and aesthetics of the result.

The procedure itself is rather complicated, not available to every - not only in terms of cost, but also in the state of the dentoalveolar system.The decision on whether implantation is possible is taken by a specialist after a complete examination of the patient's jaws.

However, if this type of prosthesis is indicated, the patient will appreciate the advantages of this method:

1. Implants do not cause unpleasant sensations.
2. They can replace both one and all teeth of the series.
3. These are the most durable prostheses of all.
4. They can be installed as supports for the installation of other dentures.

Implants are produced from various materials, but the most is considered to be strong and comfortable titanium .A prosthesis of any design has its lifespan.After this period is out, it is necessary to replace the prosthesis.

And also it is possible to restore it with the help of relocation - that is surfacing the plastic layer where the soft palate of the palate deforms from wearing the prosthesis most to avoid further deformation, loose fitting of the prosthesis and unpleasant sensations.Relocation can not be done only for prostheses made of nylon.