Analysis of urine according to Zimnitsky

Zimnitsky's trial is one of the most accessible and simple ways of studying the work of the kidneys. With the help of urine analysis according to Zimnitsky, a doctor determines the ability of the kidneys to concentrate and excrete urine. This analysis also gives an idea of ​​the function of the heart. With this analysis of urine, the total number and certain properties of urine released by a person during the day are elucidated.

What determines the analysis of Zimnitsky?

This urine test allows a specialist to determine how much the kidneys are able to concentrate the urine, as well as its density. With the help of the analysis according to Zimnitsky determine daily diuresis - the total amount of urine released during the day. Normally, daily diuresis should be about 1500-2000 ml of urine. With the help of urine analysis in Zimnitskiy determine what amount of urine was released during the day, and what night. Daily diuresis fluctuations can detect some deviations in the function of the kidney or heart.

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How to collect urine for analysis in Zimnitskiy?

Collection of urine for analysis of Zimnitsky should be carried out within 24 hours. During the collection of urine, a person should eat normally and take the usual amount of liquid( preferably not more than 1.5-2 liters of fluid per day).During the collection of urine, it is recommended to calculate the volume of fluid taken( along with the volume of liquid food), because this is important when calculating the results of the analysis.

The person is given out eight jars, in each of them within a day it is necessary to collect urine. At 6 am the first day to empty the bladder should be in the toilet. Further, every 3 hours, all urine should be collected in a suitable jar. Thus, urine should be collected at 9 am, 12 hours, 15 hours, 18 hours, 21 hours, 24 hours, at 3 am and 6 am the next day. In total, 8 portions of urine should be obtained.

All jars with urine and data on how much liquid was drunk within 24 hours should be sent to the laboratory. Before sending a urinalysis to the laboratory, the jars should be kept in the refrigerator.

Standards of the Zimnitsky test.

In the normal functioning of the kidneys, the results of the analysis are as follows:

  • diuresis daily - 1500 to 2000 ml,
  • the ratio of the volume of fluid released by the kidneys to the volume of fluid taken during the day - from 65 to 80%,
  • volume of urine, The volume of urine excreted at night( daily norm 2/3 of the total volume of urine, at night the norm is 1/3),
  • urine density - not less than 1,020,
  • fluctuations in the density and volume of urine in different jars during the day. For example, one daily portion of urine is 300 ml, and the night portion is 50 ml. Either in one serving, the density is 1,022, and in the other portion, 1,008.

Interpretation of results of

In the analysis of urine in Zimnitsky in people with impaired renal function, there are different deviations from the norm. The main violations revealed by the Zimnitsky analysis are the following:

  • low urine density( does not exceed 1.012-1.013) - this disorder is called hypostenuria, and indicates a violation of the concentration ability of the kidneys.
  • increased density of urine - indicates the presence in the urine of a large amount of dense matter( eg, glucose, protein, etc.).
  • reduced volume of urine - if during the day a person with edema and heart failure has isolated less than 65% of the drunk fluid, this means that the disease progresses and the swelling increases. And if the volume of excreted urine is more than 80% of the amount of fluid drunk - the patient's condition improves, the swelling subsides.
  • increased volume of urine( more than 2000 ml) - called polyuria. This disorder is usually observed in diabetes and diabetes insipidus, as well as kidney failure.
  • nocturnal diuresis exceeds daytime - it is observed in case of violation of the function of the heart.
  • the same volume of urine released during the day and night - indicates a violation of the concentration ability of the kidneys.