Dopplerography of the vessels of the head and neck

Doppler brain vessels and neck - a common type of research the state of the vascular system in neurology used to assess blood flow in the major arteries supplying the head. The essence of the method is to use ultrasound to diagnose constrictions, vortices, aneurysms, other disorders in blood vessels that supply blood to the brain.

There are a number of indications for the use of Doppler blood vessels of the head and neck, which allow you to designate this method of research only those categories of patients who have conditions for vascular lesions at the level of the neck arteries of the skull.

Types Doppler

use of modern diagnostic methods possible to create several types of Doppler blood vessels of the head and neck:

1. Simple Doppler for assessing the permeability of the blood vessels only. Direct visualization of the artery and blood flow in it is impossible, which automatically leads to a decrease in the diagnostic capabilities of the procedure. Information is displayed on the screen in the form of wave oscillations of different amplitude, which indirectly characterizes the movement of blood through the arteries.
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2. A dual or duplex study that allows you to obtain a visual image of the target vessel. It is assessed as the state of the vessel( its patency, the presence of parietal thrombi, thickening of the artery wall), and the speed of blood flow. It is well suited for the evaluation of congenital or acquired structural abnormalities, the course of blood vessels( pathological tortuosity, vascular malformations).
3. Triple or triplex method. It allows to additionally stain zones of vessels with different blood flow velocity, which greatly increases the diagnostic capabilities of the whole method. It is possible to identify pathology in the structure of the heart valve, and also in identifying obstacles within the vessel( atherosclerotic plaques, wall thickening).

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The correct choice of a specific type of doppler of the vessels of the head and neck allows you to diagnose with the least time, patient's money and medical institution. Before passing such a survey it is necessary to consult with your doctor about the safety and rationality of the procedure.

training and research

Doppleroskopiya neck vessels and brain - this is a non-invasive way to assess blood flow in the vessels supplying the central nervous system. Therefore, there are no special methods of preparing for the study. However, the patient is recommended to refuse this day from classes, drinks, dishes that can change the functioning of the cardiovascular system.

It is not recommended to drink beverages that increase blood pressure. The procedure is completely safe for human health, including for children. Doppler of the vessels of the head and neck is authorized for use in diagnosing diseases of pregnant and lactating women.

Any kind of Doppler research is conducted according to similar principles. The patient is placed in a supine position on the back. The skin, the ultrasonic sensor is lubricated with a special gel. After that the doctor introduces the sensor into the vessels, in which it is necessary to evaluate the blood flow condition. The neck is recommended to be freed from jewelry, hair is best collected behind the tail in order to facilitate the work of medical personnel.

The study of the blood vessels of the brain is carried out through the temporal region, and then through the frontal bone, which allows us to characterize the state of blood supply to the main regions of the central nervous system.

Indications for

The appointment of Doppler study to each patient is irrational, so the medical community has developed the main symptoms, the conditions under which it is recommended to undergo this type of study. Symptoms include: frequent developing headaches, progressive impairments of cognitive functions( memory, attention, speed of thinking), gait disorders( see Violation of coordination), transient and persistent visual impairment.

In addition, dopplerography can be recommended in the following cases:

• older people( men from 40 years, women from 45);
• revealed antiphospholipid syndrome;
• osteochondrosis of the cervical spine;
• long-term ongoing hypertension;
• stroke or transient ischemic attacks;
• surgical interventions on the brain or spinal cord;
• revealed generalized atherosclerosis with cerebral vascular lesions.

If you have any of these indications or symptoms, you should contact your doctor to get directions for dopplerography.

Symptoms of cerebral and neck vessels

In the doppler of the vessels of the head and neck, the following pathological changes in the arteries are detected:

1. Atherosclerotic lesion. Hypertonic disease, an increase in the amount of cholesterol and low density lipoproteins leads to the formation of the wall of the blood vessels of atherosclerotic plaques, protruding and narrowing the lumen of the artery. Such a situation can lead either to self-closure of the artery with a plaque with a decrease in the level of the blood supply of the organ, the development of its ischemia, or to the formation of a clot on the plaque, which can result in a sharp violation of blood flow. Similar atherosclerotic plaques can lead to the development of transient ischemic attacks and ischemic stroke.
2. Thrombosis. When carrying out a doppler, thrombi can be found in the lumen of the arteries that supply blood to the brain. A similar situation is a manifestation of either a local atherosclerotic process, or a general disturbance of the processes of thrombogenesis in the body. The existing blood clots may increase in size, completely block the lumen of the vessel, causing ischemia, or come off and enter with blood flow into arteries with a smaller diameter, which leads to a sharp development of cerebral ischemia with necrosis of nervous tissue.
3. Aneurysms and vascular structure disorders. As a rule, detectable aneurysms, malformations and other anomalies of cerebral vessels are congenital in nature, can lead to thrombosis, blood flow and cerebral ischemia.

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Rational use of doplerograficheskogo study of cerebral vessels allows you to assess the blood flow, to identify its violations at the earliest stage. This allows you to choose an effective way to prevent the progression of diseases, the development of complications.