Vad du bör ta om du har diarré i den vuxna?
Diarrhea( diarrhea) is a syndrome characterized by frequent and loose stools.Diarrhea is a companion of many pathological conditions: from ordinary indigestion against the reception of fatty foods to severe intestinal infection.Treatment of diarrhea can be effective only if the cause that caused it is eliminated.
Causes of diarrhea
Diarrhea is acute and chronic.Acute is called diarrhea, which lasts less than two weeks.Its cause is usually acute intestinal infections and poisoning.Chronic is called diarrhea, which lasts more than two weeks.The development of chronic diarrhea is often caused by diseases of the digestive tract. In general, the most common causes of diarrhea are:
- Acute intestinal infections;
- Gluten enteropathy;
- Peptic ulcer disease;
- Crohn's disease, NJC;
- Irritable bowel syndrome;
- Chronic pancreatitis.
In view of the underlying disease with diarrhea, they are struggling with drugs such as enterosorbents, probiotics, antibacterial drugs, antidiarrheals, rehydration and enzyme agents.
Treatment with rehydration agents
Liquid feces weigh almost 90% of water.Therefore, abundant diarrhea leads to the excretion of water from the body, and with them, and electrolytes.To restore the water-electrolyte balance it is not enough to drink ordinary water, because it is not enriched with mineral substances, it is necessary to take rehydration drugs.
For moderate diarrhea, oral rehydration medication is prescribed. The most popular of them:
- Oralit;
- Regidron;
- Orsol;
- Regisol;
- Glucosanal.
Preparations for oral rehydration are released in the form of sachets with powder.The contents of the package are dissolved into a specified volume of boiled water and drunk during the day.
In case of severe diarrhea that occurs on the background of acute intestinal infections, rehydration drugs are administered intravenously.For intravenous fluid replenishment, polyionic crystalloid solutions are used: Trisol, Quartazol, Acesol, etc.
Treatment with enterosorbents
Enterosorbents are preparations that sorb toxins of microbes and gases on their surfaces and remove them from the body.In addition, these medicines envelop the mucous membrane of the intestine, thereby protecting it from further damage.Enterosorbents should be drunk with intestinal infections, this will contribute to the rapid elimination of bacteria( viruses). The most popular sorbents are:
- Activated carbon;
- Smecta;
- Enterosleg;
- Atoxyl;
- Polysorb;
- Fosfalugel, etc.
Enterosorbents are available in various forms: tablets, capsules, powders and even in the form of a gel. It is worth considering that the joint use of sorbents with other drugs reduces the therapeutic effect of the latter. Therefore, if you need to drink a pill, you can do it an hour and a half after using the enterosorbent.
Probiotic treatment
Probiotics are preparations that contain live microorganisms - representatives of normal intestinal microflora.This group of drugs is designed to restore healthy intestinal microflora, is effective in the treatment of dysbiosis.In acute intestinal infection, probiotics are prescribed at the end of the acute period of the disease.
The most popular probiotics are:
- Linex;
- Bifiform;
- Enterol;
- Bactisubtil;
- Hilak forte.
In acute diarrhea, probiotics are generally prescribed for three to five days.The course of treatment of chronic diarrhea, dysbiosis can last up to one or two months.
Treatment with antibacterial agents
Very often, the cause of diarrhea is an acute intestinal infection, in particular bacterial.It would be logical to assume that antibacterial drugs should be used to treat bacterial infection.However, antibiotic therapy of intestinal infections has its own peculiarities.
According to modern concepts, infectious gastroenteritis, as a rule, is cured independently and in the absence of aggravating concomitant diseases of active treatment do not require .With mild disorders it will be enough to limit yourself to a diet and replenish the fluid that has been lost with diarrhea.
Thus, antibacterial drugs are prescribed only in cases of severe intestinal infection . For this purpose, antibacterial preparations of such groups are appointed:
- Quinolones( Nitroxoline, 5-NOC);
- Fluoroquinolones( Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin);
- Sulfonamide( Ftalazol, Biseptol);
- Nitrofurans( Furazolidone, Ersefuril).
Antibacterial drugs for diarrhea can be taken only as directed by a doctor.These medicines, of course, are sold in a pharmacy without a prescription, and some people buy them on the advice of friends.Such unreasonable self-treatment, most likely, will not have an effect, since the causative agent may not be susceptible to a specific antibiotic.Uncontrolled treatment with these medicines leads to the development of resistance of bacteria to them, after which it will be difficult to cure the infection.In addition, antibiotics can cause dysbiosis, which will increase diarrhea.
Based on this, you can not choose your own antibacterial agents for diarrhea.The purpose of these medications is in the competence of the doctor .
Treatment with antidiarrheal agents
This pharmacological group includes drugs that inhibit intestinal motility.They increase the tone of the rectum, due to which the feces remain in the intestine and the frequency of the stool is reduced.
The antidiarrheal drugs include Loperamide( Imodium).In acute diarrhea, according to the instructions, it is necessary to take two capsules, and in the future - a capsule after each bowel movement.Maximum for a day without harm to the body can take up to eight capsules.Treatment is stopped after normalization of the stool.
Please note! The main indications for the use of antidiarrheals are diarrhea functional and provoked by errors in food.These drugs are not prescribed for acute intestinal infection.The fact is that along with the feces, pathogenic microbes are also excreted from the body.And when a person drinks an antidiarrheal remedy, the stool mass with microbes in the body is delayed.
Treatment with enzyme preparations
Enzymes normalize the processes of digestion and absorption of food.The lack of produced enzymes is observed in non-infectious diseases of the digestive system.In addition, even a healthy body is sometimes unable to cope with abundant, fatty foods, which causes diarrhea.In such cases, the reception of enzyme preparations will help.
The most popular drugs of this pharmacological group are:
- Mezim;
- Creon;
- Panzinorm;
- Pancreatin.
Enzyme preparations are taken with food, washed down with a sufficient amount of water.Duration of treatment can vary from several days with diarrhea caused by errors in food, and up to several months with non-infectious inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract.
Treating diarrhea with folk remedies
There are certain plants that can help with diarrhea.Of course, treatment with folk remedies can only be ancillary and in no case the only one.
Long since known such antidiarrheal remedy as broth from an oak bark.This plant has astringent, anti-inflammatory and even antiseptic effects.The broth is prepared as follows: two tablespoons of raw materials are covered in a saucepan, pour a glass of boiling water and cover with a lid.The dishes should be heated on a water bath for half an hour.Then you need to strain the broth and squeeze the raw materials.With diarrhea, take 100 ml twice-thrice a day.
Another well-known antidiarrheal agent is a decoction of bird cherry fruit.For its preparation, it is necessary to pour a tablespoon of fruit in a saucepan and pour a glass of boiling water over it.The dishes under the closed lid should be kept in a water bath for fifteen minutes.Then the broth is cooled, filtered and well pressed raw.To eliminate diarrhea, drink a quarter of a glass of broth two to four times a day.
Grigorova Valeria, medical reviewer
