Functions and device of the cecum in the human body

The caecum is the beginning of the large intestine, it continues the small intestine.

usually located right in the iliac recess, but some people also climbs up to the lower edge of the liver, also appendix - appendix.

This organ is most susceptible to the formation of various malignant tumors and other diseases, each of which has its own morphology.

This article provides information on the structure of the cecum, its functions and tells why the symptoms of its diseases differ from the signs of diseases of other components of the intestine.

structure

cecal It is from this body extends appendix - appendix length may be from 2 to 13 cm, its diameter is usually 3 to 4 mm.

The process is surrounded by the colon, its end reaches the smallest pelvis of the person. The lymphoid tissue enters the mucosa of the appendix.

The organ is covered with a serous membrane and relatively free, as far as the peritoneum permits.

But there are cases when this part of the intestine is fixed by folds and a special connective tissue cloth.

This point is often taken into account by surgeons performing various operations. As a rule, operations on the cecum are not very complicated, and often the easiest.

Also the organ has an ileocecal valve that separates the cecum and the small intestine.

The morphology of the organ is to not give digested food back into the small intestine.

At the time when the chyme does not enter it, the valve is closed, but four minutes after ingestion of food into the stomach it opens and lets the food into the large intestine.

The mucosa has small folds, they resemble valves and consist of muscle fibers. In addition, the mucosa contains tubular indentations - intestinal crypts.

The body takes part in the digestion of food, its main role is in the absorption of liquid chyme.

The appendix performs the function of protecting the body from unwanted particles. This vermiform appendix has a large number of hollow formations in the form of vesicles-a lymph node that prevents the penetration of harmful particles into the body.

In addition, the appendix produces the necessary microorganisms and cells that support the balance of the intestine.

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It is proved that after an operation to remove the appendix, the intestine is restored longer after a dysbacteriosis.

The place where the appendix is ​​located depends on how the dome is located. Depending on this, the appendix may be located in the small pelvis or below, under the liver.

appendix is ​​partially fixed to the wall only in the region of its base, the rest of it is anywhere and is reminiscent of its location, the hour hand - is the diameter of the circle.

As many people know, this appendix is ​​very problematic, as it can become inflamed - then appendicitis will develop. Morphology

any disease, various tumors, which can have the cecum, different, but at the same time has common elements which include rectal bleeding, bloating and various disorders of the chair. The nature and characteristics

organ diseases is wide enough in diameter, and when a disease, such as cancer cecum, ileus or constipation can be in principle.

Therefore, the symptoms of defecation delay can not be considered a sign of the disease, as the feces in this part of the intestine are not firm.

In the last and penultimate stages of cancer development, a person usually loses his appetite and rapidly loses weight.

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In the early stages of the disease symptoms that a person has a stomach ache, pain present in the intestinal area, there are dizziness, bleeding from the anus, and change the color of feces.

However, all these symptoms can manifest due to the development of hemorrhoids. Therefore, to exclude these or other diseases, as well as to establish the exact causes, carry out a number of additional studies.

The organ is not only susceptible to the formation of a malignant tumor, but also to various inflammations whose morphology is similar to appendicitis.

The only difference is usually how pain is manifested. In addition, the disease is characterized by prolonged obstruction, frequent constipation, because of which the microflora changes in the intestine, and not for the better.

If the inflammation is strong enough, the disease can go to the outer part of the intestine and to neighboring organs.

As a rule, the symptoms of this disease occur after eating, the person begins pain in the antero-lateral abdominal wall.

As the inflammation develops, the pain becomes stronger from various movements and changes in the position of the person. Sometimes pain concentrates in the lumbar region.

Symptoms also occur in nausea, bloating, belching, and loss of appetite. The cecum itself in such cases is very mobile and inflated.

There is another disease that develops directly in the cecum - this is the formation of the polyp.

If a person has a polyp in the caecum, the patient feels prolonged aching pain, possibly a bloating on the right side, and the cecum itself becomes dense when the doctor probes.

As can be seen, the morphology of the polyposis tumor is similar to the cancers in the same cecum.

Typically, the diagnosis of the polyp in other parts of the intestine is not particularly problematic, but if the polyp is formed in the caecum, especially in its dome, it is difficult to identify because the dome is closer to the small pelvis of a person.

Causes of this disease:

• regular constipation and other stool disorders;
• presence of congenital defects of the intestine and cecum in particular;
• prevalence of harmful food in the diet.

Cecum ailments

The cecum is at risk for cancer, not in vain 40% of oncology in the intestine falls on this area of ​​the gastrointestinal tract.

As in the case of other tumors, blood cancer occurs in a cancerous tumor in stool. In this regard, anemia can occur.

All people who have anemia caused by unexplained causes are advised to be checked regularly by a specialist.

If a person has metastases and the tumor morphology coincides with a malignant formation, then jaundice is most likely to form and characteristic symptoms appear.

Usually, treatment of the cecum in a cancerous tumor occurs through surgery. If such a method of treatment is impossible, then chemotherapy and laser treatment are used.

The morphology of education influences the choice of the method. It is necessary to change the type of tumor as much as possible and prolong the life of the patient.

But if you ask for help on time, then removing a tumor from the cecum will not be a big problem.

Inflammation of the caecum is called tiflite. Sometimes it is confused with appendicitis due to the fact that the symptoms are similar - a man complains of pains on the right.

But if the vermiform appendix( appendix) is inflamed, the ingestion of food does not affect the nature of the pain in any way. With tieflitis, pain occurs when some time has passed since eating.

Other symptoms of typhlitis:

• nausea, vomiting;
• diarrhea;
• increase in temperature.

Taking into account the symptoms of a person, the doctor should exclude a particular disease, because, as noted above, doctors sometimes mistakenly believe that the appendix has inflamed, although the inflammation flows directly into the gut.

In addition, similar symptoms can also occur in gynecological diseases, so it is very important to exclude all possible diseases.

If the specialist determines that the caecum has become inflamed, and not the appendix, then the operation is not done. Most often in such cases, the patient is put on a dropper, adjusting the food.

If the caecum has become inflamed, the person should lie in bed, the mobile way of life for some time is contraindicated to him.

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Along with the introduction of various solutions and diets prescribe antibiotics.

Although tiflitis is treated with a conservative method, but this disease is quite dangerous, because the inflammatory process can spread to other tissues that surround the gut.

In this case, operations can not be avoided.