Colitis erosive, treatment and symptoms of erosive colitis of the intestine

Colitis erosive- an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the large intestine with the formation of ulcerative lesions. This type of disease is considered to be the most dangerous, since the likelihood of serious complications is high.

Diagnosis and treatment of the disease should be carried out on time, but many people categorically dislike the word "diet" and refuse to pay attention to the signs of pathology, even if they become obvious.

Delaying a visit to a gastroenterologist, a person does not realize that he can face such consequences as internal bleeding, intestinal perforation, tumors, including malignant ones.

Reasons

Erosive colitis of the intestine can cause various factors, both individual, for example, genetics, and common. The root cause of pathology is identified by a doctor. Based on the data obtained and the disease pattern, he makes up a treatment regimen.

Possible causes of erosive colitis :

• Diet disorder, abuse of fried, fatty, spicy and smoked food;
• heredity;
• long-term treatment with medications that disrupt the intestinal microflora, which increases the vulnerability of its mucosa for external and internal negative factors;
• excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages;
• Sluggish allergic reaction;
• intoxication of the body with chemicals, poisons, food toxins;
• is a bacterial or viral infection found in the digestive tract;
• infringement of blood supply of internal organs;
• radiation exposure;
• concomitant diseases of the digestive system: gastritis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, etc.;
• helminthic invasions, parasitic pathogens;
• stress, overwork, problems with sleep.

How the inflammation of the intestine develops

Erosive colitis is inherently one of the initial stages of the inflammatory process in the intestine. More on bowel inflammation →

Initially, a superficial form of colitis is formed in a person, that is, inflammation affects the superficial layers of the intestinal mucosa. If treatment and diet are absent, the disease will quickly move into the next phase - the inflammatory process will be aggravated by the development of erosive lesions on the mucosa. This stage can last quite a long time, but its exact terms directly depend on what kind of lifestyle the patient leads.

If a person still neglects a diet, abuses alcohol and does not deal with the treatment of accompanying pathologies, then soon eroded erosions are transformed into ulcerative defects.

As a result, the disease will move into a new, more difficult stage. To prevent this, it is important when you have any signs of trouble with the digestive organs to consult a doctor.

Symptoms of

Symptoms of erosive colitis of the intestine often resemble other diseases of the digestive system. Many patients take signs of erosive colitis for banal digestive disorders or gastritis, while taking no measures to identify pathology and its treatment.

Doctors note that most patients come to them already with a neglected form of the disease, when the erosive colitis passes into a ulcerative form. Sometimes conservative therapy is useless, because medications can not give the desired effect in the seriously affected area of ​​the intestine.

Primary symptoms of erosive colitis :

• discomfort and stomach pain;
• nausea, vomiting;
• unpleasant odor and taste in the oral cavity;
• disorders of the digestive system: diarrhea, constipation, heartburn, flatulence;
• a constant lack of appetite.

If a person turns to a specialist at this stage of the disease, then in 80% of cases the doctors give a guarantee of a positive outcome. To prevent the chronization of the inflammatory process, it is important to begin treatment of erosive colitis on time.

If you ignore the condition, the inflammatory process will continue to worsen and spread to new tissues, against which the patient may have the following symptoms:

• increase in blood pressure;
• increased body temperature;
• repeatedly repeated vomiting;
• weakness, fatigue.

Unfortunately, not always erosive colitis occurs with a characteristic clinical picture. Sometimes the illness is hidden, and it is almost impossible to track its development.

Complications

The disease develops gradually and in most cases occurs without adequate treatment for a long time, which is dangerous due to the development of serious complications. Most often, these are pathologies of a local and general nature.

Local complications of erosive colitis are abundant gastrointestinal bleeding, perforation of the intestinal wall, megacolon, oncological conditions if the disease lasts more than 10 years. General complications are manifested in other internal organs, for example, in the oral cavity( stomatitis), liver, joints and skin.

Diagnosis

Erosive colitis is detected using laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods, which have the maximum informative value in this case.

Before making a diagnosis, it is necessary to pass tests and undergo the following tests:

1. General blood test. It shows the inflammatory process in the body, less often anemia, associated with internal blood loss.
2. Microscopic and macroscopic stool analysis. Informative signs are the presence in the stool of mucus, traces of blood, not digested food and other components.
3. Bacterial culture for detection of the causative agent of the disease.
4. Study of feces on the eggs of the worm and scraping for enterobiasis.
5. Irrigoscopy. Allows to specify localization and character of an inflammation in an intestine.
6. Colonoscopy. The method assesses the condition of the mucosa, allows you to take cells from the affected area of ​​the intestine to a biopsy. More on anesthesia with a colonoscopy →
7. Histology. Biological material collected from the focus of inflammation during biopsy is evaluated. This is necessary to exclude oncology and assess the nature of the lesion.

Treatment of

Treatment of erosive colitis depends on the nature of the inflammatory process and the attendant complications. The aim of the treatment is to prevent the further development of the disease, to eliminate its acute clinical picture and to exclude possible complications.

Treatment of erosive colitis of the intestine in the initial stage is carried out on an outpatient basis. Serious lesions of the digestive tract require hospitalization of the patient in the hospital.

Most often the doctor prescribes the following drug groups:

• Medicines containing 5-acetylsalicylic acid( Sulfasalizin, Salfalk, Pentasa).The active substance of the preparations has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and positively affects the local reactions of the immune system.
• Glucocorticosteroids( Hydrocortisone, Prednisolone).The drugs are prescribed for the treatment of erosive colitis in severe cases, effectively eliminate inflammatory and intestinal bleeding.
• Immunosuppressive drugs( Methotrexate, Cyclosporine).Used in extreme cases, when treatment with glucocorticosteroid drugs does not have the proper effect.

Also, the treatment of erosive colitis of the intestine, depending on the causes of the disease, can be carried out by antibacterial drugs and agents that repair the intestinal microflora.

For maintenance of the body, vitamins of groups A, B and D, ascorbic acid and sedatives, which normalize the patient's neuropsychic state, are prescribed.

Prevention

Preventing the development of erosive colitis is much easier than suffering from the manifestations of the disease and dealing with its difficult treatment.

Prevention requires the following aspects:

1. Promptly consult a doctor with suspicions of the presence of pathology of the digestive system and, if necessary, treat the disease in time, without allowing it to be chronic.
2. Regularly undergo a preventive examination at the dentist, in time to treat tooth decay and other diseases of the oral cavity, preventing the penetration of infection into the body.
3. Maintain a healthy active lifestyle, move a lot, be outdoors and minimize stress factors.
4. To eat the most healthy natural food, avoiding in your diet chemical dyes, fragrances and preservatives.
5. Observe the diet, taking food regularly, at least 5 times a day. A larger amount of daily intake should be eaten during breakfast.
6. Eliminate bad habits, in particular, smoking and alcohol.

Diet

Treatment of the symptoms of erosive colitis can not take place without diet therapy. Dietary nutrition is an integral part of effective treatment.

Recommendations for nutrition for persons suffering from erosive colitis:

• food products should be eaten in powdered form, especially during exacerbation of the disease;
• food should be fractional - at least 5 times a day, in small portions;
• it is necessary to comply with the drinking regime - water will wash out toxins from the body and replenish the loss of fluid;
• preference should be given to plant foods, but without gross fiber, which can irritate and injure the inflamed intestinal wall;
• You can not drink alcohol and caffeine;
• after eating it is desirable to pay attention to the reaction of the body every time: if you feel at least a little worse, it is desirable to refuse further from the provocateur dish;
• should not be carried away by dishes that can linger and for a while rot in the intestines, for example, red meat, this aggravates the course of the disease.

Dietary nutrition in erosive colitis is usually developed by a physician. At different people it can differ, depending on individual features of the patient and character of its disease.

With a complete cure of the pathology or elimination of the acute process, it is necessary to continue the diet for a while, as a sharp abandonment of its principles can cause a relapse of the disease.

Erosive colitis is a disease that requires obligatory help from the gastroenterologist, otherwise complications of the pathological process will be unpredictable.

The disease develops for various reasons, up to the hereditary predisposition of the body to the disease. But even if there are no signs of trouble, and a person feels healthy, do not give up prevention - maintaining a healthy lifestyle and reasonable nutrition will help to prevent many problems not only in the digestive tract, but in the whole body.

Author: Olga Rogozhkina, physician,
specially for Moizhivot.ru

Useful video about the ultrasound of the intestine