Frequent monthly
Frequent monthly is menstrual bleeding with an abnormally short interval. Frequent monthly - this is not a disease, but just a symptom that indicates the presence of unhappiness in the body.
Changes in the nature of menstruation sometimes occurs due to serious gynecological pathology. With violations of the usual menstrual rhythm, at least once in life absolutely all women face, irrespective of age and state of their health, and 70% of them turn to doctors. The menstrual cycle does not always change due to any illness, serious causes are diagnosed only in 35% of the applicants.
Menstruation can be disturbed in different ways: become shorter or last too long, come less often or more often, be accompanied by great blood loss, or be very scarce. And for each violation of the menstrual cycle there is a separate term, and more often - a few. Therefore, when the doctor uses several synonyms of the same pathology, the patient seems to have discovered many diseases, and the doctor does not always have the opportunity to tell her in detail what is really hidden behind the numerous incomprehensible diagnoses.
To avoid unnecessary disturbances, there is no need to delve into medical subtleties. It is necessary to understand what the menstrual cycle is, how and why it is formed, and also to know what monthly ones can be taken as the norm, and which ones for pathology.
The menstrual cycle is a cyclical repetition of monthly structural and physiological processes in the body, aimed at providing a childbearing function. Menstrual cycles are separated by the first day of menstrual bleeding. As soon as the girl comes the first menstruation( menarche), she should note the first day of menstrual bleeding in the calendar, and then celebrate all subsequent first days of menstruation until the onset of menopause. Thus, she will know about the duration of her menstrual cycle. The number of days from one marked date in such calendar to another and will be its individual "norm".It is also necessary to pay attention to the regularity of menstrual bleeding, the number of days between menstruations should always be the same with a small allowable deviation. A personal menstrual calendar can always report that the menstruation began to come "wrong".
Although every woman's menstruation comes and goes in different ways, there are generally accepted indicators conventionally taken for a physiological norm. It is believed that menstruation should be repeated every 25-35 days. The majority of this period is 28 days. The volume of lost blood in the first 2-3 days is maximal, and then should decrease smoothly. For the "norm" is conventionally taken such menstrual blood loss, which does not require the replacement of more than four sanitary napkins per day, provided they are correctly used. The duration of menstrual bleeding should not be shorter than three and longer than seven days. Normal menstruation should not be painful, break the habitual rhythm of life.
When a woman says that she has frequent menstrual periods, she means a reduction in the number of days between two menstruations in relation to her "norm".
The term "frequent monthly", used by patients, can hide several disorders of the menstrual cycle:
- decrease the interval between two menstruations while maintaining the remaining parameters of normal menstruation;
- scant frequent monthly: monthly not only began to come more often, blood loss also decreased;
- frequent and copious monthly: a decrease in the intermenstrual interval in combination with a large blood loss;
- frequent monthly after 45 years, that is, during the approach of menopause;
- frequent monthly in adolescents, indicating the period of the onset of menstrual function.
If menstruation became more frequent, attention should be paid to the nature of menstrual bleeding and the appearance of other negative symptoms: pain, fever, deterioration of well-being and so on.
It is very difficult to independently understand the nature of the cycle disorders, it is only the doctor who can help to understand why frequent monthly ones come without an obvious reason.
Causes of Frequent Monthly
Violation of the menstrual rhythm can have completely innocuous causes. Sometimes, under the influence of external adverse factors, regular menstruation comes much sooner than expected. So, for example, sometimes patients are wondering why menstruation is more often after stress, excessive physical exertion or against colds. If menstrual dysfunction has obvious physiological causes, the menstrual cycle, as a rule, is restored without external intervention after known provoking factors are eliminated.
Often, the source of frequent menstruation is an artificial hormonal cause. Sometimes taking drugs based on sex steroids provokes a change in the rhythm of menstruation. That's why the men often go on hormonal contraception. Sometimes COCs slightly shorten the intermenstrual interval, this happens if the woman's own cycle was long( more than 30 days).Admissible is the shortening of the cycle for 4 to 5 days, if the monthly remain regular and not accompanied by other violations. Also, sometimes, on the background of taking such medications, the monthly ones become less abundant, but they should not become scarce. If the hormonal remedy is chosen correctly, after its elimination the cycle returns to the previous natural rhythm.
Frequent menses in adolescents are associated with instability of hormonal regulation, when the young female body has not yet fully adapted to changes in the ovaries and hypothalamic-pituitary system. Frequent monthly after 45 years is also associated with the adaptation of the organism to the conditions of damping of the hormonal function.
Frequent monthly after childbirth happens quite often. During pregnancy, the hormonal system functions differently, and to return to the old rhythm after childbirth, it takes time, so at first the menstruation can come more often or less often. In nursing frequent monthly after childbirth happens less often. To maintain the correct lactation regimen, the female body synthesizes the hormone prolactin, which suppresses the menstrual function.
If the menstruum become more frequent and keep their "abnormal" rhythm for three consecutive cycles, do not leave it out of the picture. It should be emphasized that not always the early bleeding of any intensity is another menstruation. Often, frequent, profuse menstrual bleeding, and meager frequent monthly masks ectopic pregnancy.
Infectious-inflammatory diseases( endometritis, salpingo-oophoritis), endometriosis, fibroids and uterine polyps, ovarian dysfunction are among the pathological causes of frequent menstrual diseases.
It is able to change the menstrual rhythm and extragenital pathology: diabetes, thyroid and liver diseases.
Very frequent monthly
"Very frequent" can be considered monthly, which come after 21 or less days. In this case, menstruation itself can be abundant and prolonged. All changes taking place in the endometrium depend on the work of the central nervous system( pituitary-hypothalamus) and ovaries. If their functioning is a failure, the menstrual cycle is also violated. More often, very frequent mundane cases occur due to functional deficiency of the yellow body, when, after the normal maturation of the follicle, it collapses before the due date.
Frequent monthly after 40 years is also more often associated with a change in the hormonal function of the ovaries.
Inflammatory processes in the ovaries affect the menstrual cycle negatively. In addition to the very frequent menstruation, patients have pain in the projection of the appendages and / or uterus, fever, a violation of general well-being.
Menstrual bleeding is the result of the rejection of the overgrown mucous layer( endometrium).If the rejection process does not work correctly, the menstrual process can change their normal rhythm. Single large or multiple myomatous nodes in the uterus significantly deform its cavity and disrupt the operation of the uterine musculature, so menstruation can become frequent.
It is not easy to distinguish between frequent monthly bleeding and other types of bleeding. When endometriosis in the intermenstrual period may appear meager secretions, reminiscent of the monthly, and with the inflammatory process in the endometrium, such discharges can be very abundant.
To understand why frequent monthly cases occur without an obvious cause, it is necessary to undergo a survey. At the reception, a woman can bring a menstrual calendar so that the doctor can see how the menstrual function has changed.
To find the cause of menstrual dysfunction, it is necessary to evaluate the hormonal status of the patient. Laboratory diagnosis involves determining the level of hormones( FSH, LH, prolactin, estrogens, thyroid hormones, and so on).
It is also necessary to perform an ultrasound scan that can detect the inflammatory process, myoma, endometriosis and polyps.
Unfortunately, for a professional help, patients with frequent menstruation are not always treated, especially if frequent menstruation does not cause inconvenience, that is, they go without pain and considerable blood loss. Meanwhile, sometimes violations of the menstrual rhythm can lead to serious negative consequences, for example, to infertility.
Treatment of frequent monthly
Since frequent monthly is not an independent disease, before starting treatment it is necessary to find out what kind of ailment provokes them.
The therapeutic tactics, first of all, depends on how long monthly ones come too often. If menstruation is broken for the first time, and the woman has no signs of gynecological pathology, it is permissible to wait for the next menstruation. If she comes in the usual time, we can assume that the body coped with such a violation independently.
Repeated for several cycles of frequent monthly require detailed examination and treatment.
Frequent monthly after 40 years of age usually signal about the imminent approach of the menopause and are accompanied by other pathological signs of hormonal dysfunction. Cure a woman from menopause is impossible, but you can get rid of the negative symptoms that accompany this transition. To the aid comes adequate hormonal therapy and symptomatic treatment of concomitant disorders from the nervous, exchange-endocrine and psycho-emotional systems.
The presence of infectious inflammation in the uterus and / or appendages requires antibacterial and anti-inflammatory therapy.
The most popular reason for frequent menstrual dysfunctions remains hormonal, so most often for their treatment resort to hormone therapy. Hormonal drugs are selected only after a laboratory study of the level of basal hormones and ultrasound of the pelvic cavity. According to the results of the survey, a suitable combination of estrogens and gestagens is chosen for each patient, so that it matches physiological as much as possible.
The decisive role in the treatment is the definition of ovulation, as sometimes frequent monthly ones are a consequence of the anovulatory cycle, when the egg does not leave the follicle, but is inside it longer than the prescribed time. As a result, menstruation sometimes becomes not only frequent, but also plentiful. With anovulation, the menstrual cycle becomes single-phase, which leads to infertility. In this situation, the treatment of frequent menstruation involves the restoration of a two-phase cycle and the stimulation of ovulation.
Any young woman should remember that sometimes frequent monthly after unprotected intimate relationships can be associated with the threat of abortion on a short term or with the presence of pregnancy of an ectopic localization, especially if they were preceded by a small delay, if they came with pain or deterioration of well-being.
