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Strong monthly

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Strong monthly photos Strong monthly is a timely menstruation with pathological blood loss. An independent nosological unit is not a strong monthly one, but serves only as a symptom of the underlying disease.

Throughout life, every adult woman is confronted with coming changes in menstrual function, including with increasing monthly intensity. However, not every strong monthly is correlated with pathology, sometimes they appear for quite innocuous, physiological, reasons.

A distinctive feature of physiological strong monthly is their episodicity. For example, if after an excessively dosed physical exertion, the menstrual periods went badly, after a proper change in physical activity, the menstrual function returns to normal. A similar situation occurs with hypothermia, stress, overwork and other temporary physiological changes.

If strong menstrual tend to repeat, and / or if the amount of blood loss increases from cycle to cycle, they are no longer considered harmless deviation from the norm and imply the presence of a serious pathology.

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In order to talk about pathological menstruation, it is necessary to first define the concept of "norm".It is impossible to determine the exact boundaries of "normal" menstruation, for each woman it has its own. Therefore, conditional criteria for the physiological norm of the menstrual function are defined, namely:

- Regularity. Monthly should attack regularly, at the same time. Waves in 2-3 days are permissible.

- Interval between menstruation. It should also be permanent and usually is 28, but it can vary within 25-35 days. The first day of the month is at the same time the end of the previous and the beginning of the next cycle. Strong monthly after the delay may indicate an interrupted pregnancy or a serious hormonal failure.

- Duration of menstrual bleeding. In healthy women, it usually does not exceed a week. If the monthly lasts less than three days, they are no longer considered normal.

Some women incorrectly measure the menstrual period, not including days with smearing scanty discharge. Meanwhile, under the month is meant the entire period of any( bright, dark, abundant, lean) bloody discharge.

- The amount of blood lost. The most difficult to measure. Normal menstrual blood loss varies between 40 - 150 ml, but it is quite difficult to measure it by yourself to a woman. Therefore, it is customary to measure it by the number of gaskets exchanged per day. Usually, with physiological blood loss, their number does not exceed four, provided proper use of hygiene means.

- Intensity of menstrual bleeding. In most healthy women, the greatest amount of blood expires in the first 2-3 days, and then blood loss decreases.

- Presence of accompanying subjective sensations. Monthly should not be accompanied by severe pain. Admirable minor unpleasant sensations such as "pulls", "noet" and others. Severely painful periods should not be ignored, since they indicate serious organic or functional diseases.

Strong menstruation in adolescents, accompanied by intense pain, may indicate neuro-metabolic, psychoemotional and endocrine disorders.

- Absence of pathological impurities and clots. Strong menstruation with blood clots appear more often against a background of fibroids, polyps, hormonal dysfunction.

It should be noted that in some women, the abundant monthly periods exist initially and do not cause damage to health. An individual feature of the menstrual cycle is the situation when during a woman's life there are always strong monthly, and at the examination of pathological causes it is not revealed.

The clinical picture of severe menstruation implies complaints of excessive menstrual bleeding, sometimes with clots and / or pain of varying intensity. If the strong menstrual period continues for several cycles, the patient may have signs of anemia( general weakness, dizziness, fatigue, etc.).

Since strong menstrual periods are not an independent disease, their diagnosis and therapy involve the search for the underlying disease and its treatment.

Reasons for a strong monthly

Before talking about the causes of severe menstruation, it is necessary to make a correct idea of ​​how the menstrual cycle is formed, and why menstrual bleeding generally occurs.

At the heart of any menstrual bleeding is the process of rejection of the functional( uppermost) layer of the endometrium with the subsequent exposure of the underlying blood vessels. The menstrual cycle is formed with the participation not only of the uterus and ovaries, cyclic changes affect many important organs and systems. The most important controlling link is the "hypothalamus-pituitary" system. It "controls" the hormonal function of the ovaries through the hormones of the pituitary gland - FSH( follicle-stimulating) and LH( luteinizing).FSH stimulates the development of the follicle and ovum( the first phase), and thanks to LH appears and functions "yellow body"( the second phase).

In ovaries with the participation of pituitary hormones, estrogens and progesterone are produced that affect the structural changes in the endometrium. In the first half of the cycle, with the participation of estrogens, the endometrium increases in volume, sprouts with new blood vessels, that is, in fact, prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. If the egg dies without fertilization, all the changes that have occurred in the endometrium begin to be eliminated with the participation of progesterone in the second phase, when the overgrown superficial mucous layer begins to gradually separate from the uterine wall. Completely rejected endometrium is evacuated from the uterus during menstrual bleeding. Then, when the uterus is completely freed from fragments of mucous and blood, everything repeats again.

Strong monthly accompany many gynecological and extragenital pathologies, but always they are based on a violation of the mechanisms of rejection and / or evacuation of the expanded functional layer of the endometrium.

Among the physiological causes of strong menstrual infections are more common:

- Childbirth. The first strong monthly after delivery is usually associated with natural causes. To restore the hormonal function of the ovaries and the previous, prenatal tone of the uterine musculature takes time, so if the first menstruation after childbirth has come early( as happens with non-breastfeeding), it can be abundant. If subsequent menstruation continues to be abundant, one should think about other, pathological, causes.

- Period of menstrual function formation. Strong monthly in adolescents, as a rule, are associated with imperfections in the hormonal regulation of the cycle.

- Psycho-emotional overload. Under the influence of stress in the "pituitary-hypothalamus" system there is a malfunction, and the character of menstruation can change.

- Improper use of hormone-containing drugs, especially for the purpose of contraception. Unfortunately, women do not always consult a specialist when choosing a hormonal contraceptive. Meanwhile, the self-selected remedy can be picked up incorrectly and provoke menstrual dysfunction.

- Taking medications that affect blood clotting. Reducing the intensity of clotting increases the duration of bleeding during menstruation and makes it more abundant.

Also, for natural reasons, sometimes monthly after a hypothermia, too intense physical exertion, in the first months after the beginning of an intimate life strongly goes.

All pathological causes of strong monthly can be conditionally classified into hormonal and non-hormonal. Hormonal causes are associated with ovarian dysfunction, when the excessive concentration of estrogen provokes too much growth of the endometrium.

Among the non-hormonal causes of strong monthly, the most frequent are fibroids, polyps, adenomyosis. Education in the uterine cavity impedes the free evacuation of menstrual blood and reduces the uterine tone, often they provoke strong menstrual flow with clots.

One should never ignore the strong monthly after a delay. They may indicate an interrupted early pregnancy.

The true cause of a strong menstrual period can only be determined after an examination and an appropriate examination.

Symptoms and signs of severe monthly

The amount and duration of menstrual blood loss, taken by the woman for the norm, is always individual. Therefore, the concept of strong menstruation, above all, is determined by the woman herself. As a rule, patients refer to a doctor with complaints about atypical menstrual bleeding unusual for them and increase in its duration( longer than a week).Since menstruation lasts longer, the menstrual cycle also changes - it becomes shorter.

If a lot of blood is released during the month, dark clots may be present. The presence of clots is associated with the inability of the uterus to quickly evacuate too much blood, it is in the uterine cavity longer than usual and has time to fold. Severely painful periods with clots can also indicate the presence in the uterus of fibroids or polyps that deform the uterine cavity and create a mechanical obstruction to the flow of blood.

Strong monthly after delivery with clots and moderate pains are sometimes associated with a violation of the processes of involution of the uterus.

Clinical manifestations of strong menstrual periods depend on the level of( central or peripheral) formation of the menstrual cycle, the failure occurred, and what events preceded it. As a rule, a correctly conducted interview with the patient often allows you to determine the provoking strong monthly situation: severe stress, severe childbirth or abortion, taking hormonal contraceptives and so on.

After the conversation, the diagnostic search continues:

- Gynecological examination. Helps assess the condition of the genitals. In the presence of fibroids, the enlarged uterus is palpable, and in case of inflammation, it will be painful. Purulent discharge from the vagina will indicate an infectious process.

- Laboratory study of the contents of the vagina( swab, sowing) for infection.

- Determination of the level of basic hormones at different periods of the cycle( estradiol, FSH, progesterone, LH and others).

- Determination of hemoglobin level using a general blood test.

- Ultrasound scanning. It allows to diagnose the inflammatory process, pathology of the ovaries, fibroids, polyps and other pathologies.

- Hysteroscopy. If necessary, visual examination of the uterine cavity with subsequent collection of material( piece of mucosa) for subsequent histological examination is performed.

Very strong monthly

Menstruation can be very severe, accompanied by pain or other anxiety symptoms. More often such monthly have all signs of menstrual bleeding, and, since it coincides in the beginning with the next menstruation, it is called cyclic.

Very strong menstruation always last longer than usual, they break the habitual way of life of the patient: she feels weak, quickly gets tired, she has to change pads very often. Often, along with blood from the uterine cavity, a large number of clots are separated.

Very strong menstruation often accompanied by pelvic pain, which can irradiate in the lower back.

Very strong menses always have a serious pathological cause, namely:

- Endometritis, metroendometritis. Infectious inflammation of the uterine wall deforms its contractility, so the endometrium is rejected and evacuated outward unevenly and for a long time. Along with great blood loss, fever, weakness, deterioration of well-being and severe pelvic pain are noted.

- Adenomyosis - pathology of the endometrium of hormonal origin. Sites of endometrial tissues begin to germinate deep into the uterine wall and continue to function there according to their purpose - grow and tear off, in fact - menstruate. Over time, the destruction of muscle fibers occurs in the zone of pathological foci( heterotopia).The ability of the myometrium to contract varies, the monthly become strong and painful.

- Hysteromyoma. Sometimes the fibroids that form in the muscle layer begin to grow toward the uterine cavity. As a result, a submucous( submucous) myomatous node appears. It deforms the uterine cavity, prevents the uterus from contracting properly. Submucous fibroids almost always provoke very strong menstruation with bright pains. The intensity of pain is sometimes expressed so strongly that they resemble labor pains. Trying to get rid of the "foreign body" in its cavity, the uterus shrinks so much that the "birth" of the submucosal node occurs when it, like a fetus, travels beyond the uterus, along with a very large amount of blood. This situation may coincide with the next menstrual period.

- Misuse of hormonal means. Sometimes very strong menstruation can begin on a background of untimely cancellation of a hormonal contraceptive.

- Intrauterine device contraception. Sometimes the intrauterine device spurs excessive menstrual blood loss.

- Hormonal dysfunction. Excess estrogens lead to excessive overgrowth of the endometrium( hyperplasia) and increase the risk of very strong menstruation.

- Extragenital causes. Menstrual function is affected by endocrine, metabolic and nervous systems. Therefore, the source of strong monthly can be pathologies of organs belonging to these systems: liver and thyroid disease, cardiovascular diseases, disorders of the coagulation system, and others.

Very strong menses can not be treated independently, even under condition of good health. Randomly selected tablets with strong menstruation can temporarily eliminate some negative symptoms and reduce blood loss, but can not eliminate the cause of bleeding.

Strong menstruation - what to do

Menstruation can change for so many reasons, so universal advice on the therapy of strong menstruation does not exist. In order to choose the right therapeutic tactics, it is necessary to find out why the monthly ones went badly.

If the basis for changing the nature of menstruation is a known harmless physiological cause( climate change during travel, stress, physical overload and the like), you can deal with excess blood loss yourself, in all other cases you should contact a specialist.

Self-treatment of strong monthly is permissible, if:

- such monthly ones came for the first time;

- they were not preceded by a delay;

- they do not worsen the state of health;

- in menstrual blood there is not a lot of dark clots or pus;

- they are not accompanied by anxiety symptoms: severe pain, fever, weakness, dizziness, nausea and the like;

- the intensity of bleeding does not increase;

- pregnancy is excluded;

- if there is no history of gynecological diseases: fibroids, adenomyosis, chronic inflammation.

If you are sure that your situation fits the above-described framework, you can try to cope with strong monthly ones. First, pay attention to your life rhythm in the menstrual period and try to limit physical activity. Do not overdo it and rest more often.

Do not refuse to eat, even if you do not have any appetite. Preference is given to those containing iron and vitamin C products and beverages, and from strong coffee and alcohol refrain. Large blood loss dehydrates the body, so the amount of fluid used should be increased.

To reduce the intensity of bleeding, you can put a cold on the stomach, an ice pack with ice, a bottle with very cold water or any frozen package with products from the "freezer".To prevent cold from causing damage to the skin, first place any cotton cloth on your stomach. The cold will provoke a vascular spasm, and the intensity of bleeding will decrease.

Do not immediately resort to medication. A large number of haemostatic drugs does not mean that they all act the same. In order to choose the right remedy, it is necessary to know the exact cause of the strongest monthly and obtain a conclusion of the laboratory study. Therefore, with independent medical measures it is better to try to reduce blood loss by folk remedies. Successfully cope with "harmless" strong broths and infusions of herbs - nettles, shepherd's bag, pepper mountain man, corn stigmas. Also you can take pills with strong monthly, containing calcium gluconate, vitamins C and P( Ascorutin).

Self-management therapy can not be continued for a long time. If you see that your efforts lead to a positive result in the form of a decrease in blood loss( the number of replaceable pads decreases), improvement in well-being, you can continue therapy for another two or three days. As a rule, during this period, strong monthly stops. However, it should be remembered - if the subsequent monthly ones have gone too strong again, you should consult a specialist even if you think that there is no reason for concern.

You should not try to stop strong monthly ones after childbirth or abortion, as under the mask of men often it is hidden uterine bleeding due to serious complications.

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