Modern oral contraceptives

Back in the late fifties and early sixties of the 20th century, scientists developed oral contraceptives. They immediately became a very popular method of preventing unwanted pregnancies.

Significant popularity overtook them not in vain. Modern oral contraceptives are the most highly effective among non-surgical methods. Their action is based on the blocking of 2 hormones, due to which the changes in the endometrium are suppressed, the mucous membrane of the cervical canal thickens, in addition, the effect leads to the prevention of ovulation( i.e., the egg does not ripen and therefore does not leave the ovary).

The conception of the child is prevented in 97-99% of cases, even if you miss the tablet, provided that the passes are not several in a row and the total number of passes is no more than five tablets. This effect is achieved due to the fact that oral contraceptives contain synthetic( artificial) hormones, similar in properties to those that are produced by the ovaries. It is important to adhere to the regimen of taking tablets, in case of a violation of the regime, there may be a malfunction of the menstrual cycle or the onset of an unwanted pregnancy. Any such drug has a detailed instruction for use, it must be strictly adhered to, taking tablets every day and at the right time. It should be remembered that the drugs are most effective during the second cycle, therefore, when using the drug for the first time, it is necessary to take care of other methods of contraception. You should take these medications with caution if you take analgesics, antibiotics, tranquilizers and some other drugs at the same time, as the effect of hormonal drugs can be reduced by them. It is also important not to forget that when taking oral contraceptives, you are not protected from various diseases that are sexually transmitted. Therefore, doctors recommend using them only in case you have a permanent sexual partner.

There are several groups of modern oral contraceptives. They differ depending on the type of hormone and its quantity:

Combined estrogen-progestational drugs

There are monophasic when there is a constant dose of estrogen and gastragena( such as Logest, Mersilon, Zhanin, Diana-35, Yarina);two-phase, ten tablets containing estrogen and eleven containing gastragen are taken;three-phase - an increase in the dose of hormones according to different schemes( Tri-merci).

Women who did not give birth are recommended dosages with a low content of hormones, and women who have given birth and with the onset of the late period of reproductive age appoint a dosage with an average content of hormones. Means having a high dosage are prescribed for treatment purposes or if drugs containing less hormones are not effective.

Gestagenic preparations( minipili)

These drugs may contain on average about 400 μg of progestins in the tablet. Assign to lactating and giving birth to women. Also can be prescribed in the presence of diseases of veins, liver, with diabetes and contraindications of combined medicines. Also used for the treatment of endometriosis, uterine fibroids and other gynecological complications.

Postcoital preparations

Drugs of this group are used in emergency cases after unprotected intercourse. Since they contain a very high dose of hormones, which can lead to a number of undesirable consequences, they can only be used in the most extreme case.

It is best to entrust a suitable drug to an experienced doctor, since only he can determine what medicine you need and his dosage. In addition, with the initial cycle of taking the drug, it is necessary to perform an ultrasound procedure and go to a consultation with a gynecologist to make sure that the egg matures. Depending on this, the doctor can change the type of the drug prescribed to you and his dose. Also, taking a doctor can help to eliminate the risk of possible complications due to contraindications.