Disorder of sexual identity and transsexualism

A sexual identification disorder is a state of permanent self-identification with the opposite sex. In this state, it seems to people that they are enclosed in a body that is not compatible with their own perception of sex. They consider themselves victims of a biological error. Transsexuals are people whose form of sexual identity disorder is extremely pronounced.

Actually, sexual identification itself is considered a subjective sensation when a person feels like a man or a woman. Sexual identification is considered an internal sensation of femininity or masculinity. An external objective manifestation of a person's belonging to a man, a woman or a two-pronged state is a gender role. Behavior in this case is as much as he wants to show himself or others to convince to what extent "he is a woman" or "she is a man".The role and gender identity of most people coincide. The discrepancy between sexual identity and anatomical sex is a disorder of sexual identity. Transsexualism feels this mismatch as hard, long, troubling, complicated. By "disorder" this condition is called due to the often distress caused by it. The treatment of such patients should not consist in dissuading them from their sexual identification, but in adapting them.

Pathophysiology and the cause of the disorder of identification and transsexualism

Sexual identity basically determines prenatal hormonal background, genetic component and biological factors, however, in order to form a consistent and confident gender role and gender identity, some social factors such as parent-child relationship and emotionalConnection of one parent with another.

When education and gender are ambiguous( for genetic syndromes in which the appearance of the genitals, insensitivity to androgens, or if the child has genitalia of both sexes is impaired), the child may be unsure about its role and gender identity. However, the significance of external factors is contradictory at the moment. If the education and the designation of sex are unambiguous, even the presence of the genitals of both sexes in the child will not violate his sexual identity. With the problem of sexual identification, transsexuals usually face in their early childhood. In adulthood, most people who have had problems with sexual self-identification in childhood do not face.

Two years is usually the age in which there are problems with sexual identification in children. There are also cases in which sexual identity disorder does not appear until adolescence. Children who experience problems with sexual identification often prefer clothes of the opposite sex, constantly and clearly want to take part in the activities and games that are characteristic of the other sex, insist on their belonging to the opposite sex, negatively relate to their own sexual organs. For example, a little girl insists that she can pee standing up when her penis grows, and the boy, on the contrary, can sit and urinate and clearly want to get rid of his sexual organs. This disorder can not be diagnosed before 6-9 years, when this disorder is already chronic.

Diagnosis of transsexualism and identification disorders

In order to make this diagnosis for a child, it is necessary to have identification with another sex( the child's conviction that he belongs to the opposite sex or his desire to be the opposite sex), as well as a significant discrepancy of the child with his gender role or a feeling of discomfort in connection with his gender. The desire to obtain any cultural advantages of the opposite sex should not be an identification with another gender. For example, a boy who speaks of his desire to become a girl just to receive the same attention that is given to his younger sister, most likely does not have a sexual identity disorder. The behavior that occurs on the continuum of traditional femininity or masculinity is associated with a gender role and cultural pressure that is increasing in relation to people who are not quite in line with the traditional dichotomy of women and men. In Western culture, the attitude toward the behavior of little girls, like tomboy, is more tolerable than the attitude to the effeminate effeminate behavior of boys. In role-playing games, many boys play mothers or girls, trying on clothes of mothers and sisters. This behavior, as a rule, is the norm of development, and only in extreme cases it persists. Many boys with an identification disorder in childhood do not have it in adulthood, but many of them are bisexual or homosexual.

In adults, diagnosis is aimed at identifying the existing severe distress or a clear violation in the professional, social and other areas of functioning. In behavior peculiar to the opposite sex, such as dressing in clothes of the opposite sex, it may not require any treatment, provided it is observed without psychological distress or whether the person has physical signs of both sexes( genitalia of both sexes, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, insensitivity syndrome toAndrogens).

There have been cases of the association of transsexualism with the presence of genetic abnormalities( Kleinfelter or Turner syndrome) or the genitals of both sexes. Most transsexuals who require treatment are men who adopt a female identity and with great disgust refer to their own signs of masculinity and genitals. Basically, such people seek help not to get any psychological help, but for a different purpose, such as getting hormones and surgical operations on their genitals to bring their appearance closer to gender identity. The combination of hormone prescription, psychotherapy and sex change surgery often cures such patients.

The transsexualism of the transition from male to female is most often first manifested in early childhood: participation in girls' games, fantasies about changing sex, avoiding rival and power games, distress with changes in physical form in puberty. Many of the transsexuals convincingly accept the female role, receiving satisfaction from the acquisition of effeminate appearance and obtaining documents, indicating in them belonging to the female sex, which helps them to live and work in society as a woman. Others are experiencing great problems from depression to suicidal behavior.

Transsexualism of the transition from woman to man is increasingly being considered in psychiatric and medical practice, as transsexualism, amenable to treatment. Such patients undergo mastectomy, hysterectomy, and then ovariectomy, as well as taking androgenic hormones that contribute to voice changes, the distribution of muscular complexion by the male type, and also the growth of hair on the body and face. Some patients insist on the formation of neo-phallus( artificial phallus).To some patients operative treatment helps to adapt better and to receive satisfaction from life.