What is affective disorder and how to deal with it? Affective disorder is still known as a mental disorder, which is caused by a disturbance in the emotional sphere. This disease includes not one diagnosis, but the main sign is a violation of the emotional state of the body.

Two types of disorder are considered the most common, the difference between them is based on whether a person ever had a hypomanic or manic period. Proceeding from this, depressive disorders are known, which are more studied, are depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.


Causes of affective disorders

Emotions are manifested in human behavior, for example, in gestures, in facial expressions or postures, features of social communications. When emotion is lost control, a person passes into the stage of affect. This condition can lead a person to suicide, self-harm or to aggression. Affective disorders( recurrent, bipolar, dysthymic) include several parts of pathogenesis and etiology:

  1. The genetic causes of this disease are the presence of an abnormal gene in chromosome 11, although theories of the genetic diversity of affective disorders are known.
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  2. The biochemical cause causes a disturbance in the activity of neurotransmitter metabolism, as a result of which their number decreases with depression, but increases with mania.
  3. Theories of the loss of social contacts carry a cognitive, psychoanalytic interpretation. Cognitive interpretation was based on the study of the fixation of depressogenic patterns, such as a decline in energy, a bad mood, a sense of worthlessness. All these factors negatively affect a person's personality and on its social level. Depressive thinking carries a lack of plans for the future. Psychoanalytic concepts are expressed by regression to narcissism and the formation of a negative attitude toward oneself.
  4. Neuroendocrinal causes are caused by a violation of the rhythm of the functioning of the amphibic system and the epiphysis, and this affects the rhythm of release of releasing hormones and methlantonin. These processes have a connection with the tones of daylight, and this indirectly has an effect on the full rhythm of the whole organism( for sleep, sexual activity, eating).These rhythms are instantly disturbed by affective disorders of the body.
  5. The cause that causes an affective disorder may also be a negative stress distress or a positive eustress. These stresses lead to exhaustion and overstrain of the body. This is most often associated with the death of a loved one, serious quarrels or loss of economic status.
  6. The main causative affective disorder is considered a violation of regulation, aggressive( autoaggressive) behavior. A selective advantage of depression is considered to be the stimulation of altruism in the family and the group, a distinct advantage in individual and group selection is the difference and hypomania.

Symptoms caused by affective disorder

The main cause of affective disorder of the body is a change in mood. You can notice and such changes as psychosensory disorder, in which the pace of thinking, re-evaluation of personality or self-incrimination changes. The clinic is manifested in the form of episodes( depressive, manic) bi-polar( two-phase), as well as recurrent disorders. There can also be a form of chronic disorder of the body. Affective disorders are mostly manifested in the somatic sphere, in weight, in the turgor of the skin.

Symptoms of affective behavior disorder include a noticeable change in weight, as a rule, in the winter kilograms are added, and in summer it drops to 10%.In the evening, you can usually draw to carbohydrates, as well as to sweet food before going to bed. You can feel premenstrual syndromes, which are expressed by a worsening mood, as well as anxiety before menstruation.

Melancholic depression is common, it is also known as acute depression. Symptoms of it are associated with loss of pleasure from all affairs, it is still possible to show the inability to respond to delivering pleasure. Often the mood decreases, there is a feeling of regret and psychomotor retardation. You can feel guilt, a person can lose weight in a short time.

Often there is postpartum depression, still known as the term DSM-IV-TR, it is considered excessive, persistent and occasionally resulting in loss of legal capacity;Depression that women can experience after the birth of a child. Usually, such a depression can last no more than three months and it manifests itself in 10-15 percent of women.

There is an affective disorder that occurs depending on the season. This type of depression can be observed in people who have a seasonal character. Deterioration of mood can occur in autumn or winter, and recover nearer to spring. The diagnosis is usually made if the depression recurs, at least twice in the cold season.

Diagnosis of affective disorders

The main symptoms are a change in affect or mood, and the remaining symptoms are derived from these changes and are secondary.

Affective disorders of the human body are noted in many endocrine diseases, such as Parkinson's disease or cerebral vascular pathology. Organic affective disorder of the body is characterized by signs of cognitive deficits or disorders of consciousness, but this is not acceptable for endogenous affective disorders. It is also worthwhile to differentiate them in such a disease as schizophrenia, but this disease is characterized by negative or productive symptoms. In addition, depressive and manic conditions are often atypical and closer to manic-gebefrennym and apathetic disorders. The biggest questions and disputes arise in differential diagnosis with schizophrenia disorder. If in the structure of affective disorders there are secondary ideas of overestimation or self-incrimination. But in the presence of true affective disorders, these symptoms disappear when the affect develops.

How to treat affective mood disorder

Treatment is based on mania and depression, as well as preventive therapy. Depression therapy includes a wide range of drugs: fluoxetine, lerivone, zoloftr, various antidepressants and ECT.Also, sleep deprivation therapy and photon therapy are used.

Mania therapy includes therapy of an increasing dose of lithium, and is monitored in the blood, neuroleptics or carbamazepine are also used. In rare cases, it can be a beta-blocker. Treatment is supported by lithium carbonate, sodium valprate or carbamazepine.

Affective disorder is spread in both men and women approximately equally. This disease can occur in children, but this happens very rarely, and can reach a maximum by the age of 30-40 years.

If you observe similar symptoms of affective disorder in yourself or your relatives or friends, do not be ashamed of this problem, and do not delay it, consult a doctor and watch your health so that this problem does not lead to serious consequences.