How to put a tooth from a cermet on a tooth: the features of fixing different prostheses

Types of dental crowns Dental crowns are the most popular method of prosthetics for various defects, injuries or other destruction of the dentition.Let's consider features of different variants of crowns for a teeth, preparatory process and installation of this product, and also about possible complications and some nuances of removal of artificial limbs.

Why do I need to put a dental crown?

People who have lost their teeth, especially in a particularly visible part, are not asked: "Why should I put a dental crown?".However, there are cases when appears to need to install the crown , even if all the teeth are available:

Natural teeth of a person are prone to defects in color or shape and look not very attractive.Crowns for teeth can correct these problems, giving aesthetics a smile.
The natural tooth crown is broken due to a significant carious disease or trauma, but the root is in place and has the ability to play a supporting role.In this variant, you can put the crown directly on the tooth root with the stump( if a sufficient volume of natural tissues is preserved).Or it is required for prosthetics use of tabs or pins, which can create reliable stability of the whole structure.
During periodontal lesions, there is sometimes a risk of increased swelling of the teeth.And it is possible to install temporary crowns, which will keep the teeth in place until complete recovery.
All teeth are preserved, but pathological destruction of enamel occurs.In this case, the crown is needed to protect the dental tissues from the effects of unfavorable factors.

Varieties of dental crowns

To date, dentists offer to patients several types of dentures , made from different materials and having certain pros and cons.

Metal crowns

Crowns on teeth Dental crowns made of different metals are considered to be the classical method of prosthetics and have been used for many years.The most common method of prosthetics is gold crowns.

Advantages of gold teeth consists in their reliability, durability and long operation.These crowns are not susceptible to oxidation of , and their erasure rate is the closest to human enamel, this does not create deformation of the antagonist teeth during chewing food.The disadvantage of these prostheses is one - rather unattractive appearance, because they, as a rule, are placed in an invisible part for other people.

Metal-ceramic prosthetics

Metal ceramics combines all the advantages of porcelain and metal products.These crowns have excellent aesthetic characteristics, are reliable and durable.The price for these crowns is much lower than for all-ceramic products.The disadvantages include the need to install a large area of own dental tissues before the preparation, as well as the high risk of the erasure rate of the enamel on prostheses.Moreover, during the low fit of the gingival margin or the incorrect manufacture of the prosthesis itself, it is possible for the visible metal strip to manifest.

Porcelain or ceramic

All-ceramic, non-metal dentures are considered to be the most aesthetic.They best imitate natural teeth and do not lose their performance even after a long time.However, ceramics are a very fragile material and can not withstand a heavy load during chewing.Because they are put, as a rule, on the front dentition.The disadvantages are the high price of products.

Feature of fixing prostheses to the front row of teeth

Prostheses for the front teeth must be strong and aesthetically attractive .What is usually used for metal ceramics and ceramics.Most people tend to install cermets, given the best value for money.It should also be added that the process of adjusting, preparing, measuring and fastening the prosthesis on the front dentition does not differ from the standard algorithm.It is necessary to be prepared for possible negative and temporary complications:

Color difference of the prosthesis - appears during the installation of a single prosthesis on the front tooth.Can be restored by using special pastes.
Darkening of the gum - after fixing the prosthesis some people have bluish gums that go away when the body is rehabilitated after the implantation of the material.

Preparing for the installation of the crown

The preparation procedure for the installation of the dental crown has a number of stages:

Determining the state of the tooth cavity and the clinical picture of a person.At this stage, the scope of forthcoming work is determined, the type of prosthesis is discussed and a treatment regimen is developed.
If necessary, then the treatment of caries, periodontal disease, inflammatory diseases of the gums is performed.On the supporting teeth, old fillings invariably change to new ones.
When the installation of a cermet is planned, the tooth is usually repulped to avoid inflammatory lesions.
Dissection of the tooth - removal with the help of special tools of hardened fabrics of different thicknesses.For metal prostheses, it is necessary to remove 0.30 mm of dentin and enamel, and during the installation of cermet, the removal layer can reach up to 1.9 mm.In addition, for a stronger fixation of the prosthesis requires preparation of teeth with a large indent.
Then, when the teeth are prepared and cured, the prints are made with a special paste, taking into account that in the technical dental laboratory and individually, prostheses are made.
When the crown is made, a number of measurements are made, where the accuracy of the prosthesis is determined, its convenience of location and the matching according to the coloring and texture of the other teeth.Often, the finished prosthesis is fixed on the cement temporarily.It is required that the person is fully convinced of the comfort of the crown and its proper work during chewing.

How to install the denture: the steps and the fixing technique

The installation and fixing of the prosthesis is considered the final step:

When the crown is removed from the temporary cement, then it is thoroughly cleaned.
The parietal stump of the tooth is subjected to a sandblasting treatment to give a micro-roughness.
The last fitting is performed, and the dentist is convinced that the crown is positioned correctly, does not prevent the jaws from closing normally.
A special cement is applied to the interior of the prosthesis, the crown is put on the tooth.Then the structure is exposed to radiation by a special lamp, which accelerates the process of solidification.
All unnecessary parts of the cement composition are thoroughly cleaned, since even a small amount causes inflammation and irritation of the gums.

Already after an hour, the installed prosthesis can be subjected to the chewing process.And the greatest pressure can be created on the crown the next day .

Fasteners with locks

One of the most promising technologies in prosthetics is the fastening of crowns with locks.This version of the attachment makes it possible with minimal loss of grinding of the supporting teeth, it makes it easier to remove or install the prosthesis.The fastening of these crowns begins with the fasteners with the cement of the tooth locks, which play a supporting function, with the further installation and fixing of the prosthesis.

Fastening of the crown for implants

This type of prosthetics does not need to be processed by a number of teeth located.Directly the can be installed in several ways:

Cement mount, in this case the abutment is first attached to the implanted root, then the prosthesis is attached to it with cement.This method is better suited if the simultaneous prosthesis of several crowns.
Screw fastening, in this case the prosthesis is fixed with the adapter abutment outside the oral cavity.Then the whole structure is screwed to the implant with a screw passing through the hole in the crown.Then the channel is closed with a material for sealing.This option is best for single prostheses.

The opinion of the doctors

Fastening crowns to tooth To fasten a single prosthesis to the tooth - a support is required.In the role of support, can use the tip of its healthy tooth , a fixed implant or the root of the stump tab.

During the installation of a denture on your tooth it is desirable to perform with a ledge.This method of prosthetics consists in creating a special step near the base of the tooth tissue, then the prosthesis is worn on top.

Naturally, this variant of prosthetics is considered more complicated.But it makes it possible to distribute the pressure on the tooth, as a result, the aesthetics improve and the time of its exploitation is prolonged.Moreover, the pathology will not appear in the form of gingivitis of the gums , because the cermet, located on the prosthesis, is not susceptible to contact with the mucous membranes of the oral cavity.

How to remove a denture?

Removing dental prostheses is not a simple manipulation, especially if it is necessary to fully preserve the crown for later installation on the previous site.

If you need to remove the prosthesis due to its failure, when the crown repair is not considered, then it is sawed with special tools and removed to pieces from the stump of the tooth.

To save the crown during removal from the tooth, dental units have been created:

The tongs are a tool that enables you to securely fix the prosthesis between the bras and remove it from the tooth.
Crown catchers( the most popular version of the tool is the Kopp hook) - these are flat-shaped hooks, with a manual or automatic mechanism that makes it possible to apply some force and remove it during the fixation on the area of the tooth with the prosthesis.
To date, in dentistry, prostheses are removed using ultrasound equipment.During the passage of the special tip near the bonding site of the crown to the base of the stump, ultrasound creates cracking and crumbling of the cement, then it is removed without great effort.
Another gentle way to remove prostheses is the use of pneumatic tools, under the influence of which the crumbling of cement and the departure of the crown from the stump also begin.

Possible complications in the installation of the dental crown

After the prosthesis, is likely the appearance of various complications:

Caries of the supporting stump.This complication can occur if the disease is not completely cured during preparation, or if there is insufficient oral hygiene, in this case, the remnants of food and plaque are collected under the crown, which are nutrients for carious organisms.
Prosthetic stomatitis, resulting from a significant pressure of the crown on the gingival tissue.What creates a violation of blood circulation, the formation of pressure ulcers and the death of mucosal tissues at the site of contact with the prosthesis.Prevention of this disease consists in creating a "washing channel" - a small gap with the edge of the gum.
Galvanic syndrome - occurs when crowns are installed in the oral cavity using different metals.This can lead to the formation of a galvanic current, which stimulates oxidative processes.Symptoms of complications are: malaise, unpleasant steel taste of saliva, change in the coloring of dentures and a number of teeth, a constant headache.
Allergy to materials that were used during prosthetics.The first signs of it can appear as soon after fixing the crown, and after a certain time.Symptoms of allergy are: rashes on the skin and mucous membranes, a burning sensation and dryness in the oral cavity.

Manifestation of any of the complications, especially if begins to hurt the tooth under the prosthesis, needs an immediate reference to your dentist.Delay may be fraught with tooth loss, where the crown is located.As a rule, complications involve removing the crown and performing repeated prosthetics.

During the prosthesis, which prostheses to put and which teeth will be the supporting ones, only the patient determines.But at the same time, it is imperative to listen to your dentist's recommendations and fully comply with all of his advice and recommendations.