Sealing of teeth in children: reviews, whether it is necessary to process a tooth fissure

The chewing surface of the tooth due to anatomical structure is most susceptible to carious disease( in 4 out of 5 cases, caries appears on it).If the pathology happens already in childhood, care should be taken to protect the fissures( depressions on the chewing surface), to prevent the disease.

Reviews on the sealing of teeth in children are positive, but whether it is necessary for your child will help to understand the article.

So, fissures are natural grooves, notches and cavities on the chewing surface of the teeth( except for the canines and incisors).

So what is a fissure and is it necessary to seal it

In these cavities, food remains regularly, and pathological microflora is retained in them, which contributes to the rapid appearance of microbial attack and, as a consequence, cariogenic microorganisms.All this is due to the natural structure of the depressions and the fact that the enamel at the bottom of the cavities is much thinner and weaker than on other surfaces of the

tooth.Toxic living products of bacteria quickly corrode weakened tissues, causing primary or secondary caries fissures.

Fissure of the tooth

There are four forms of the structure of depressions: cone, funnel, drop, polyp.The deeper and more complex the structure of the notch( furrow), the higher the likelihood of the disease.

Fissures on young permanent teeth( only erupted) differ from adults and formed.They have deep deformed furrows, which are very difficult to clean with the usual brush and paste.Also, the young enamel is thinner and weaker.This indicates that the first 3-5 years young permanent teeth are most susceptible to carious disease, therefore, a preventive procedure is required.

Many parents ask what is the sealing of teeth in children and how it differs from silvering and remineralization.The thing is that the sealing makes it possible to smooth the fissure irregularities and fill the cavities formed, significantly reducing the risk of caries.

The silvering procedure allows temporarily repelling the cariogenic microflora of the from the surface of the teeth due to the application of a special formulation, however, this exercise is unpleasant to the baby, as a result of which unaesthetic black teeth are obtained for several years.

Remineralization allows to correct natural deficiencies of enamel, to eliminate microcracks in it, to fill them with necessary minerals and microelements, to strengthen and compact.Unfortunately, natural furrows and funnels on fissures in this case remain, so the chance of carious disease on these surfaces is still high.

Remineralization procedure is more effective in adulthood, when the chewing surface is worn out and transformed to a more or less smooth surface.

The essence of the procedure and advantages

Fissure caries

So, fissure sealing is a prophylactic measure for the filling of grooves and cavities with special protective material : fluorinated sealants and dental composite.

Typically, for the procedure used liquid components that easily penetrate and fill even the most sinuous and deep funnels.In such materials must contain fluoride ions, which produce a powerful prevention of caries for several years, strengthen the enamel.Materials during solidification must have reliability, high strength and resistance to wear.

In the first six months after the eruption, the fissures of the teeth are deformed, asymmetric and hard-to-reach furrows. The earlier you perform the sealing procedure, the lower the chance of caries in the future.

Already in 6-7 years, the baby is prescribed the sealing of the first molars( sixth teeth), at 10-12 the procedure is required for premolars( fours and fives), and in another year for the second molars( sevens).

Consider the advantages of this procedure.

1. After sealing on the chewing surface appears a barrier which prevents ingress of food and pathological microflora in the grooves, reduces the destructive effects of organic acids.
2. The tooth surface becomes more uniform, smooth and even, and also looks more aesthetically.
3. Composites for containment contain fluoride ions, which can be released during the year, providing active protection of the enamel.
4. Early caries can be cured at the white spot stage.Prevention of primary and secondary forms of the disease is also carried out.
5. The procedure is operative, painless( does not require the use of anesthetics) and is available for the middle class.
6. Sealing is carried out not only for children, but also for adults for effective prevention of caries development.For adults this allows to save in the future on the treatment of carious disease and its consequences( gingivitis, pulpitis, periodontitis, etc.).
7. Sealing of baby teeth allows to protect fragile young teeth from external stimuli without resorting to such unaesthetic and expensive procedure as silvering.

Contraindications to the procedure

sealing fissures before and after

most important contraindication can be considered the beginning of carious processes within the cavities and grooves, as well as on the side surfaces in the interdental space.

If you know that a child watching bad tooth hygiene and if possible try to ignore it, it is necessary to conduct a preliminary sanitation of the oral cavity, remove microbial plaque and stone. Sealing is not performed on well-groomed teeth. In addition, after the session, parents should explain to the child the need for regular and thorough hygiene, to teach them how to use the toothbrush and paste properly.

The anatomical structure of the fissures on the teeth can also prevent the application of special composites.It is a question of too wide fissures or communicating cavities.

Healthy, dense and hard enamel in the baby indicates that it does not need sealing .As a rule, if the initial stages of tooth decay were not recorded in the first 3-4 years, then no measures to strengthen the enamel should be prescribed.

Methods sealing and milestones

two standard method used in dentistry: invasive and noninvasive.The dentist independently determines the method, depending on each case, after a visual inspection and additional diagnosis( for example, radiography).

Consider the non-invasive technique.It is used in the case when the grooves and furrows are clearly visible, which guarantees the absence of carious processes at the bottom of the cavities, as well as the side walls.

dentist determines the method of treatment depending on the particular case

1. At the first stage the doctor carries out sanitation of the oral cavity and dentition purification of microbial plaque, stones and debris.For children, cleaning is done using an electric brush, a special rubber band or a sandblasting gentle cleansing.
2. Then follows the application to the surface of the fissures and the bottom of the dental gels.Orthophosphoric acids in its composition promote reliable attachment of the composite and complete filling of the cavities.
3. Using a special syringe, the dentist fills the fissures with a liquid filling material for sealing.
4. The shrinkage and hardening of the composite occurs under the influence of radiation from the polymerization lamp.
5. If necessary, grinding and grinding of the resulting seal is performed so that the patient does not feel any discomfort.

Invasive sealing tooth fissures - a technique to enhance complex depressions and craters with a narrow base and a bottom, which is not visible.

In this situation, the dentist can not guarantee that the cavities are free of carious manifestations.Since it is forbidden to apply the sealant to the enamel affected by caries, it is necessary to open the fissures to exclude the carious disease or the preliminary treatment of the tooth.

1. Mouth cleansing from food, stone and plaque is mandatory.
2. The nurse puts a conductive anesthetic in the area of ​​manipulation( if necessary in case of sensitive or thinned enamel).
3. A dentist drills a fissure surface with a drill, expanding their canals.When the bottom of the cavities is visible, the dentist decides whether to further seal or pre-treat the carious disease.After curing the disease, sealing becomes again possible and even necessary as prevention of relapse( especially in children).
4. The doctor fills the cavity with a fluid composite and polymerizes it with a lamp.
5. If necessary, the fissure surface is ground and polished.
   

   Sealing the fissures of the teeth

Regardless of the method of the event, the "closed" fissures require regular and thorough care of the .Use fluoride-containing pastes with protection against caries, choose a brush of normal rigidity and watch that the child does not miss daily hygiene of the oral cavity.

After eating, ask your baby to rinse your mouth with mint vodka or green tea to kill germs on the surface of your teeth.It is also necessary to visit the dentist at least once a year for preventive examination.

We examined the cases in which this procedure is necessary for adults and children, what advantages it has in comparison with other methods of restoration of enamel and reduction of the risk of caries.Remember that the sealing is absolutely harmless, available financially, painless and carried out in one session.Try to write the child to the dentist as early as possible, preferably in the first six months after erupting molars.