Psychopathy

The psychopathy of is a characterological pathology that is not characteristic of healthy individuals. Psychopathy is a marginal pathology located on the border of healthy mental functioning and pathological. These people are easily self-assertive in the aspect of the profession. But in interpersonal relationships, they are despotic, they are not easy to live with, because often they are unbearable. Many people have psychopathological inclinations, which do not manifest themselves fully, as expressed psychopathy.

It is impossible for psychopathic individuals to get accustomed to a society of people, they show their own negative to such an extent, to which they are allowed, depending on the environment. These individuals often commit crimes, which often confronts them with forensic psychiatrists. Psychopaths skillfully pretend to be innocent, willingly using their illness.

What is psychopathy?

In scientific psychiatry, psychopathy is a relatively new phenomenon. However, she was always, just before medicine did not attempt to give her a definition. It was just people with a bad temper. But medicine is developing, it is moving forward. For the first time, psychopaths were discovered on forensic examination in the 19th century, when the patient entered her habits in such a way that she could not be identified. It was then that the term psychopathy appeared. The behavior of a psychopath contradicts the generally accepted normative laws. This is a border rule, while they are unsafe, capable of any advantageous offer.

It is proven that the human brain is programmed to empathy, because it contributes to survival. But psychopaths are disinterested individuals, they for some innate or acquired reasons have lost the character traits that are responsible for it. At the same time, they remained cruel. Characterological features should be expressed evenly, ideally, and with psychopathy some, mostly unpleasant, exaggerated, but kind only in the bud, if there is.

Psychopaths, like accentuates, are people with atypical psychiatric diagnosis. They are not in the ICD-10, as in the American psychiatric model. But they are frequent patrons of psychiatric hospitals, as they often commit suicides or some crimes bordering on the norm. The study of this problem is relevant in the context of crime, after all, in a criminogenic society, psychopaths are quite common, while they are skillful liars, can dare to seriously harm and are able to speak anyone.

The prototype of a psychopath is very common in the form of some maniac who is very dangerous for society, and, moreover, is cunning. But they often prove successful enough, because of their cunning and lack of morality. These are good businessmen or actors, but higher feelings for them are absolutely closed. If the primary emotions that did not evolve from animals are inherent in them, then the higher ones responsible for care, love, are completely absent. It is grasped by the fact that if a psychopath is brought up in the right environment, strictly enough and in the context of correct manners, then his psychopathy will not manifest. But only until the moment, until everything in his life will be relatively safe. In psychopathy, behavioral and emotional maladaptation is expressed, so a person can not change the form of behavior or act correctly. Thus, getting into a bad environment, its inclinations are manifested with impressive force.

At the same time, the intellect of these people is very developed, besides they think very unconventionally. Their vision of the world is unusual. Unfortunately, their bad temper is not always capable of letting them unfold. Sometimes the thought of why non-standard talents always have some flaws is upsetting. But in general, humanity is not yet able to form only one type of behavior, and this is good. After all, our evolution is possible only with our maximum diversity and distribution. Therefore, at this stage it is important to study different people, understand the reasons and what can be useful from this, and then judge. Psychopathy is a special form of thinking that remains with a person forever.

Causes of psychopathy

Psychopathy is not so well understood as to say exactly which is the most determinant reason. The formation of psychopathy is influenced by many factors, but one of them is always starting, affecting to a greater extent. If psychopathy accompanies the child from birth, then this is its constitutional form. This form is genetically inherent, it is a nuclear form. At the same time, correctly influencing the child, parents are not able to allow this line to germinate. That is, the genetic influence in this form is a key factor, but the external attitude can aggravate the situation or, conversely, grow a successful person. In this case, biological causes are crucial. For this kind of psychopathy there is even a constitutional division. With parents of alcoholics and underdevelopment of the nervous system, this problem can also be manifested.

Psychopathy due to organic causes is a traumatism that can come from childhood. These causes include intrauterine diseases, birth trauma and early trauma up to three years. A separate subgroup, allocated in organic pathology, is brain damage by a variety of environmental pollutants, severe infectious diseases that have a clinic of encephalitis and meningitis. An increased radiation background, serious poisoning also affects the brain. All these factors lead to brain changes that provoke changes in the psyche. But if external factors join these factors, the pathology acquires a different current and this form is already called mosaic. With it, the more expressive the organic causes, the weaker the external factors will manifest themselves.

Another type of psychopathy is marginal. In this case, the role of organic pathology is absent, and the whole pathology develops because of the environment in which the child grows and forms. In this case, the environment of his development most influences psychopathy.

Often serious illnesses are the root cause or strong stresses. Psychopathy in children is often manifested in pathological relationships in the family, society, because the children are very vulnerable. Psychopathy in adolescents occurs with the incorrect development of certain characterological traits, strong-willed, or in the pathology of emotions.

Often, psychopathy can be hereditary, well, there's a controversial issue. After all, a person suffering from psychopathy with the problem of manifesting higher emotional characteristics will hardly be raised by a psychopath. Therefore, it is not necessary to talk about genetic inheritance unequivocally.

Psychopathy of personality from the psychoanalytic side can be caused by irrational family education. With improper education from childhood, psychopathological traits are formed very quickly. There are four types of education that contribute to the subsequent formation of psychopathy, hyperopecia belongs to them, while parents constantly impose their position on the child, he can not develop, is not capable of independent actions. When hypoopecists, parents absolutely do not care about their child, they are not interested in his upbringing and achievements. When educating the "idol in the family" the child is interred, he does nothing, can not adapt in society."Cinderella" according to their character feel uncomfortable. They are constantly compared to other children and humiliated. Not knowing the caresses, the person in the future and forms his behavior.

Psychopathy: signs in men

Psychopathy is a personality-abnormal register-syndrome. Such men have a pathology of the higher nervous system. These personalities are unbalanced, emotional lability is observed. Their behavior is demonstrative, inappropriate. Such men are absolutely unpleasant. Depending on the form of psychopathy, their behavior may be different, but all have emotional instability. At the person unstable volitional instincts, thus it is intellectual - without a pathology. Because of this, men develop behavioral disorders, up to antisocial behavior.

Causes of psychopathy in men are similar to common common causes. Psychopaths-men are terrible liars, when you try to learn something, you can not catch words of truth from it. They constantly pretend, if necessary, this is a very clever pretense. To this they are also hypocrites. Due to the fact that they do not feel higher emotions, but they have a little psychological sense, they have learned to manipulate people very skillfully, in particular their relatives. They do it, pretending. They play pity, love, tenderness, sympathy, while they are absolutely "in parallel", even on the most approximate. They are emotionally cold, immoral enough. If they have any serious relationship, it's just that they do not throw themselves in the eye and essentially do not separate from society.

The psychopath family is very afflicted, their companions can undergo chronic family violence. Marriage with a psychopath forms profound, incurable personal trauma. And such relationships will only lead to pain, and even often involve in lawlessness.

Psychopathy in children, particularly in boys, manifests itself very early, while they have a disharmony of behavior. Psychopathy in adolescents, in particular young men, already sprouts and takes root in antisocial behavior. They often fall into the colony and for a long time do not leave the penitentiary institutions.

Very often they are not taken place either in training or professionally. But this is not a regularity, so, with proper parental control and influence, psychopaths can perfectly adapt. Such men are excellent businessmen, leaders or organizers, the main thing is not to show sadistic inclinations, otherwise the staff will be unbearable.

For men, psychopathy is not a sentence, these individuals can be very useful to society. It is important to choose the right levers of influence. The psychopath will not break the law or any rules if he realizes that he will get what he deserves for it. Thus, it is very important to put them in a strict limiting framework. With such a strong influence, these individuals are very honorable members of society.

Psychopathy: signs in women

Many sexists love to "say" that any existing woman is a psychopathic person. And, how to know, maybe, on their way there were only psychopaths. But in the general population calculation of psychopathic women is less than representatives of courageous sex. Undoubtedly, there is an option that women are less surveyed in this perspective. Because men are psychopaths, a contingent is often found in prisons, or when psychological tests are performed in certain jobs, when they are admitted to the police, the law enforcement bodies. But women are more slopes to somewhat different manifestations of psychopathy. They, in principle, less on such a problematic subject.

Such women are disharmonious. They express themselves in egocentrism. They are very quick-tempered. At the same time they can prove immoral. They have little control over emotional manifestations. This can subsequently lead to various forms of depression. Women psychopaths in general are very melancholy, often sad.

Women are psychopaths also inhabitants of the penitentiary system, but less fierce. They are easier to re-educate, and the percentage of crime committed by them is less.

In women, the causes are not very different, but in general they are more prone to the external environment. For them, the family of alcoholics is dangerous, as well as organic pathology. Education can also leave its impartial imprint.

Such women are great actresses, can, therefore, perfectly manipulate. In general, the psychopath is indifferent to the family, enough stamina. These women do not agree to put up with the rules of the public. Their irresponsibility comes to the extreme faces, they live, only, pleasing their person. They often conflict with everyone and like to impose their own conditions.

Depends on the type of psychopathy, they are either great actresses who can play any performance, or even those selfish people who do not care. But there are also closed, apathetic psychopaths, which can not be understood at all. A marked complexion or strong dependence is also considered a form of psychopathy. Such women impartially influence the education of their children, which leads to the formation of psychopathic children.

Psychopathy in adolescents has a number of age-related crises, for example, puberty, while in girls it is very pronounced, and at an older age it can be compensated. Psychopaths in puberty often wander, they tend to leave the house. Usually, antisocial behavior manifests itself after the first ten years of life. Such women often attract psychopathic men, they are often alcoholized, especially in comparison with the beautiful sex relatively without mental disorders.

A characteristic feature is also the hypersexuality of psychopaths, while they do not have remorse and shame, so they are not repelled by virtually no perversions. But there is a remark, everything again depends on education, because in a strict framework, they may not show it.

Symptoms of psychopathy

Whatever type of psychopathy a person has suffered, there are always common symptoms. Thus, there is a violation of personal harmony that violates behavior. In turn, pathological behavior affects the adaptation of the individual. Psychopathy is formed in kindergarten age, but with time compensation may occur. This is a very positive outcome, in which the person will manifest himself in the future absolutely healthy. But, if decompensation of psychopathic personality traits occurs, then psychopathy will manifest itself, fully revealing itself.

Psychopathist is not socially adapted, as a professional, he too can not occupy a suitable niche. To diagnose psychopathy, you need to talk with a person and his relatives. Psychopathy of personality can be assumed if three of the above symptoms are identified.

To clarify the cause, diagnose marginal, mosaic or organic psychopathy, you need to exclude injuries, infections. Ask the relatives of the alleged psychopath about his upbringing. But, if it's parents themselves, you need to be as correct as possible. Be sure to clarify how the pregnancy was taking place, whether there were any diseases or complications.

From instrumental examinations, it is necessary to make electroencephalography, in order to discard the presence of organic matter. The brain during life is best viewed on an MRI, because it is known that psychopaths in the brain have foci of less involved cortex than in healthy individuals.

From laboratory methods of research, blood test, virus detection tests will not be superfluous. After all, infection also leads to the development of psychopathy.

The first psychopathic signs appear even in kindergarten age. Such a child has not shown sympathy since childhood, even to relatives. They are often cruel to other children and to animals. If the child is naughty, then he does not repent, like most children, he has no conscience.

In adolescence these individuals can not enter the society. They act antisocially, often stealing and drinking. Thus, psychopaths already from a young age consist on the police account. Such children violate the prohibitions of parents, commit theft, wander, never ask for forgiveness, they are not tormented by conscience. They absolutely and for no reason do not worry because of school assessments. Regardless of the consequences, they never make conclusions and do not change the course of action. At the same time they aspire to dangerous actions, without fearing punishment. These children are manipulators, seeking to destroy their personality. Often asking parents, you can hear about the difficult nature. It makes sense to ask more in detail, tk. This is the possible origin of psychopathy.

For the detection of this pathology, the consultation of a psychologist with the use of tests for the detection of psychopathological characterological features and accentuations will help.

Types, forms and types of psychopathies

Psychopathy, according to the classification, has 3 degrees of severity:

• Severe psychopathy, third degree. Compensation is very weak, if it occurs, and often its partiality only aggravates the situation. Compensate gaps are always not fully expressed and very short. Even insignificant reasons provoke complete decompensation, and sometimes, there is no need for a reason. Sometimes the line between psychosis and psychopathy can not be determined, a person is so angry, depressed. It can even be manifested by twilight states. These individuals are completely incapable of establishing normal family relationships, often they become a stalemate. Self-criticism is absent.

• Severe psychopathy, second degree. Compensatory mechanisms are unstable, which leads to short-term compensation. Decompensations are formed for the smallest reasons. They are not fully adapted either in society or in the family. Often change attitudes to any employment. They are unrealized in terms of abilities, strongly in conflict with relatives.

• Moderate psychopathy, first degree. Compensations are very expressive. Failures occur only in certain situations, while, as they manifest themselves and for how long, depends on the injury or injury caused. At sharpening of features of the psychopath and infringement of adaptation with associates and a family it is possible to think of a decompensation. Bad behavior, however, often does not reach extreme manifestations. Social adaptation is unstable, but in a certain range of interests of a psychopath, productive work is absolutely possible. Family relationships are not harmonious, as the personality is completely different with each member of the family. With some types of psychopathy, criticism persists and the personality is able to assess its character, although sometimes selectively.

The types of psychopathies are as follows:

• Asthenic psychopathy is characterized by pronounced shyness, shyness, indecisiveness. These personalities are very impressionable from childhood. Very badly used in a different atmosphere. Imagination and sensitivity is manifested not only with mental stimuli, but also at the slightest force loads. They are strongly fixed on personal well-being. Suffice it to be painful, react to weather, meteorolabile.

• Psychasthenic psychopathy is expressed in constant indecision, doubt. Such persons are shy. Very vulnerable, timid, but their level of self-esteem is simply off scale. They are quite strict to themselves, are engaged in self-analysis, self-critical. This is an area where close contact between psychopathies and neuroses is inevitable. The fears of the psychasthenic are always addressed to the future. They come up with rituals that will save them from the upcoming troubles. They do not tolerate any changes. Often, as another form of protection, there is pedantry, diligence.

• Schizoid psychopathy with expressive manifestation, can lead a person to an unreasonableness. Deprivation of intuition and inability to experience cause the coldness of schizoids. They do not have the ability to change their own judgments. The inner world of schizoids is hidden from any external interference. Only a select few are honored to learn a little about the schizoid. The inner consciousness of schizoid personalities overwhelms passions and various fantasy images. At the same time, the wealth of the inner world is dependent on intellectual characteristics and talent. Schizoid psychopathy can lead a person to self-sacrifice.

• Paranoid psychopathy is characterized by stubbornness, straightforwardness, a narrow range of hobbies. Such individuals have supernatural ideas. Such individuals often write complaints, inform. Thrust in the battle for justice is transformed into a very unpleasant form with conflict. They believe that their opinion is the most important. They watch their health condition intensely.

• Excitable psychopathy is extremely irritable. At the same time, such people are resourceful, but do not draw conclusions. They are deceitful, rancorous, while flatterers and sycophants. Often there can be violations of instincts, especially intimate, and drives, they wander. Among them are murderers and perverts.

• Hysterical psychopathy occurs from an early age. These crumbs do not tolerate praise for others. They willingly demonstrate their talents and adore praise. These individuals have suicidal demonstrative tendencies. Their habits are demonstrative and theatrical. Any incident in life they embellish, suffer painfully about themselves, while very self-centered. They like to participate in gossip and stay in the spotlight.

• Affective psychopathy manifests itself in a constant mood change, or the person has a pathological mood. Gipotimnye psychopaths are always dull and everyone is unhappy. Their life is not pleasing, which often leads them to seek easy pleasures. And cyclothymic psychopathy manifests itself invariably elevated mood. These people are sociable, easy to get acquainted, they can support the conversation. They are efficient, but irresponsible, not picky about having sex.

• Unstable psychopathy is manifested by a high level of obedience to the personality. It is easy for these individuals to inspire, whatever. They are subject to external factors. They agree with everything and please, but they do not fulfill these words. These people do not have a strong-willed core, and everything in their life depends on the environment.

Personality psychopathy also has a mixed form. In this case, several types of psychopathies are combined in a variety of ways.

Treatment of psychopathy

For the correct selection of medications, the psychiatrist's advice is important. An important role for a psychopath has a surrounding background. With proper education and the influence of society, psychopathic traits are softened. Psychopath important to find a job, because social importance always refrains from impartial actions. Psychotherapy is very good for psychopaths. She will help the psychopath to understand herself, to determine her life goals and to drop many inferiorities in her character. Also on such personalities is a transactional analysis that helps the individual to determine his ego state.

If you can not do without medication, then it is applied depending on the type of psychopathic personality. Triftazine 2.5-5 mg / day, Aminazine 0.3-0.6 g / day in hysterical reactions, it is better in the least effective dosages for hysterical manifestations. If the patient is malignant, then Haloperidol 0.5-2 mg / day and Tizercin 0.025-0.1 g / day. Inadequate behavior is good for Sonapaks - 25 mg / day.