Migraine. Migraine pains

Migraine is a disease characterized by paroxysmal pulsating acute pain, which usually covers one side of the head. Migraines are much more likely to be affected by women due to their predisposition to low blood pressure and the structure of the hormonal background. Important in the development of this disease is heredity.

Migraine is of two kinds: simple and classic

simple( common migraine)

This type of migraine in most cases is localized in the area of ​​the crown, temple, or the eyeball and from there spread throughout the side of the head. The skin of the face pales, a pulsating artery appears continuously on the temple. Painful sensations can be accompanied by a double image, temporary immobilization of eyeballs, a violation of sensitivity and speech, dizziness. In addition, there are painful bouts of abdominal pain, which may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting

Classical( ophthalmic) migraine

are rare, accounting for about 10% of all reported cases. This type of disease is accompanied by visual disorders: a decrease in visual acuity, an unclear image, various nebulae and in very rare cases, temporary blindness. Reinforce the following factors pain: sharp movements, sneezing and coughing, mental stress, bright lights, loud noises

Causes

In most cases, the basis of migraine is a violation of the nervous regulation of vascular tone, which is often combined with a family and a genetic predisposition to the development of vascularDiseases. Often the triggering mechanism of the disease is the period of puberty( due to the restructuring of the hormonal background).Attacks of migraine can be repeated after stress, severe experience, fatigue, before menstruation( due to the release of hormones).Strong migraine pain can arise from harmful substances that are contained in tobacco smoke, as well as in alcohol.

Children's migraines can appear as a result of overexertion( excessive computer enthusiasm or watching TV), due to the impact of negative emotions( at home and at school).If children migraine attacks occur daily after a meal, it can be assumed that the reason for their occurrence is in the public intolerance - a food( dyes sugary carbonated products, canned food, sweets, etc.).

provokes an attack factors:

- Smoking and alcohol( especially red wine)

- Eating foods containing tyramine( spices, beans, cheese, chocolate and so on.)

- Fatigue, stress, lack of sleep

- Inhalation homechemistry, lacquers, solvents

- Prolonged exposure in an unventilated room

- subcooling or superheating

- Receiving vasodilator drugs( . nitroglycerin, etc.)

Symptoms often attacks of various pain precede svoeobVarious visual sensations( eyes flicker in zigzags, dots, and so forth.).Visual manifestations are not always accompanied by pain, but they are clearly her harbingers. Then the outlines of the objects begin to noticeably blur( possibly narrowing the field of view) and after that there is an unbearable throbbing pain in any half of the head. In most cases, migraine pain is accompanied by general malaise, dizziness, nausea and sometimes vomiting( after which the patient's condition slightly improves).

It is necessary to differentiate migraine with trigeminal neuralgia and tension headache

Treatment

Treatment of this disease should be performed under the supervision of a qualified neurologist. To interrupt or weaken the attack, as well as the appearance of previous symptoms, it is necessary to take paracetamol, ibuprofen, acetylsalicylic acid, amidopyrine or analgin;It is necessary to avoid sharp irritating factors( bright light, loud sounds, etc.).To prevent and relieve painful feelings, decongestants and vasoconstrictors( imigran, zomig) are used.