Treatment of dementia and rehabilitation of patients

Mental retardation refers to the state of incomplete development of the psyche or delayed psychological development. The pathology of intellectual insufficiency manifests itself. It should be noted that dementia refers to acquired pathologies, which is expressed by the impoverishment of mental activity, a violation of behavior. The treatment of dementia directly depends on the cause of the onset.

Methods of treatment of mental retardation

Before treating congenital mental retardation, patients are excluded from schizophrenia, brain trauma, vascular pathologies, and dementia. The main goal of therapy is to preserve the social adaptation of the patient and previously acquired self-service skills.

Usually, at the initial stages of the disease, general restorative treatment of mental retardation is carried out, including the intake of vitamins, minerals, nootropic drugs( drugs that have a specific effect on brain function, stimulate memory).

Tip! Food should contain a large number of vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, minerals, natural antioxidants. Patients need to monitor blood pressure on a daily basis.

If the cause of dementia is the age-related changes in the cerebral vessels, then the question will be directed to correction of high blood pressure, treatment of atherosclerosis and vasculitis. If the patient develops Alzheimer's disease, prescribe drugs that stop the death of nerve cells, the means that reduce the manifestations of the disease.

Treatment of mental retardation in children includes speech therapy exercises designed to eliminate shortcomings in the pronunciation of words and their binding, as well as the formation of healthy speech. Therapeutic physical training promotes the development of coordination of movements, motor skills, improvement of attention, positive emotions. Complexes of physical exercises strengthen the body, and stimulates a general medication cure for this disease.

Drug treatment with mental retardation is the elimination of causes. If a child has a history of enzymes, prescribe diet therapy, hormonal drugs. In congenital venereal diseases( syphilis), specific treatment is indicated. Patients are prescribed sedatives and remedies for recovery of mental functions( aminalon, encephalus).Partly solve the problem of drugs for cerebral circulation and stimulation of brain activity( Neuro-Norm).

Disability groups

Disability with mental retardation is put after assessing the mental health of the patient. There are basic criteria:

1. The criteria for setting 3 groups - an easy stage of debility with minor mental disorders. The ability to work, study and control their behavior are expressed in an insignificant degree.
2. The criteria for setting the 2 group of disability is a moderate stage of mental retardation, when the patient is severely restricted in controlling his behavior, is incapable of active work, teaching, communication and physical movement.
3. Criteria for setting 1 group of disability - strongly and significantly expressed imbecility( severe mental retardation), motor disturbances are visible to the naked eye, neurologic symptoms are manifested as paralysis, agraphy and apraxia, deafness and epileptiform seizures appear.

Rehabilitation of people with mental retardation

Activities in the field of medicine, teaching and social activities should interact among themselves in the rehabilitation of people with mental retardation. Methods of treatment of mental retardation of such patients should be carried out by institutions serving the population in the country, medical institutions, organizations of general and vocational education.

One of the important factors in the rehabilitation of patients with mental retardation is the timely detection of symptoms of the disease, the work of specialists to correct violations. This takes into account the stages of the severity of the disease, the age and level of socialization of the sick person. Such functions are assigned to:

• boarding schools, where patients are trained and live;
• vocational schools where teenagers are trained for work;
• boarding schools for the maintenance of patients with severe mental disorders.

Educational and upbringing work at the boarding school is the first in the preparation of special patients for a free life in society. Occupational therapy for people with developmental disabilities has its own specific difficulties, and requires special methods of training the profession. Under normal conditions of rehabilitation, patients do not display a marked picture of mental retardation.