Rubella, mumps and measles: what vaccinations they put

Endless vaccinations in childhood - it is possible to avoid many serious diseases at a later period. When the immunization is carried out at once against three dangerous diseases can save time and avoid another emotional stress associated with this unpleasant procedure.

Vaccination against measles, rubella and mumps virus belongs to this type of injection. It is easy to do, but how it is transferred and how many side effects has few people think about until it will face in real life. What are the possible reactions to the vaccine measles, rubella, mumps and how to prepare for the upcoming vaccination? Let's find out all about it.

The more dangerous measles, rubella and mumps

Infected with diseases for which a vaccine can be designed this even before birth. Happens, intrauterine infection, when the outcome is unpredictable for mother and unborn child. What other dangers can expect kids at a meeting with these viruses, except for severe symptoms?

1. If a pregnant woman infected with rubella or measles, or contacted with an ill person - it may end fetal death and malformations numerous child - myopia, heart defects, deafness and impaired physical development baby.
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2. Mumps is characterized not only by inflammation of the parotid and salivary glands, it often leads to inflammation of the brain and the testicles (orchitis), which can sometimes cause infertility.
3. Rare complications of mumps include pancreatitis, arthritis, nephritis.
4. Measles reduces immunity, which can result in numerous and dangerous bacterial complications.
5. Measles also leads to diseases of internal organs: hepatitis, tracheobronchitis, panencephalitis (inflammation of the meninges).

Immunity, which goes to the kids at birth from the mother is unstable and is valid for only a few months. Therefore, vaccination against such infections need every child to protect it at any age.

In most cases, vaccination against measles, rubella, mumps combined at once against three of these diseases, but there are monovalent. Schedule of vaccination against measles, rubella, mumps is as follows.

1. For the first time the kids are faced with a three-component vaccine at 12 months. This is the best period for the introduction of the drug when it is necessary to protect the child, because the meeting with infections up to five years is considered to be the most dangerous. However, a single injection of the vaccine does not provide complete protection for your baby against infections, and protects the child only a few percent in some cases.
2. Revaccination against measles, rubella, mumps is carried out in 6 years. Repeated use of the vaccine in that age provides a complete immune protection of more than 90%, which lasts for decades.

There is no exact data as the duty to protect human vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella. It can last for 10-25 years depending on the characteristics of the organism and the susceptibility of the vaccine.

What to do in case of violation of the schedule of vaccinations, or if the child did not make timely immunization against these infections?

1. If vaccination permanently postponed due to contraindications - do it as close to the schedule. In this case, the interval between administration of the vaccine and revaccination should be at least 4 years.
2. In some cases, when there is emergency vaccination readings do monovalent vaccines. Revaccination can be performed by assigning a complex triple vaccine, but not earlier than one year.

If appointed vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella virus - which make it?

Graft dose combination vaccine that 0.5 ml of the drug administered subcutaneously under the blade or the outer surface of the right arm (notional boundary between the middle and lower third).

As children tolerate vaccination measles, rubella, mumps

The immunity of the child in different years of life in different ways may react to the vaccine against measles, rubella, mumps. This explains the growing up of all body systems and the fact that in the case of revaccination the drug is administered again.

Vaccination measles, rubella, mumps how transferred in 1 year? Often, children respond to vaccination status, resembling an easy viral infection. You may receive:

• runny nose;
• headache;
• weakness with impaired sleep and appetite;
• redness of the throat;
• the occurrence of rash;
• a slight increase in temperature.

The local reactions include flushing (redness) and swelling of the tissues at the site where the vaccine was introduced.

As transferred to 6 years vaccination measles, rubella, mumps? - symptoms are the same as in 1 year. Furthermore, allergic reactions sometimes occur in the form of rash at the site of administration of the substance or the whole body. On top of all cases of bacterial complications such as bronchitis, sore throat, otitis media, which is often the result of inappropriate behavior before or after vaccination.

There are more specific symptoms and the vaccine. They do not apply to all components of the polio vaccine, and components to concrete it.

Reactions and complications of measles vaccination component

Some states after vaccination should not pay attention, a lot of them are quite natural reaction to the introduction of protective antibodies. But forewarned - means armed. It is much easier to cope with the effects of vaccinations when they heard about.

The greatest reactogenicity grafting measles, rubella, mumps measles has its components. It is important to remember that the vaccine component against measles alive. Whether the child is contagious after vaccination measles, rubella, mumps? It is not necessary to be afraid, as part of significantly attenuated viruses, which do not normally lead to the development of infection.

Reaction of the body in children to measles vaccinations are the following components:

• local reactions in the form of tissue edema and redness sometimes persist for one to two days;
• from the general appearance noted cough after vaccination measles, rubella, mumps, which may appear on days 6-11, like other reactions;
• may decrease appetite;
• in rare cases appear nosebleeds;
• temperature rise from low (37,2 ° C) to severe (more than 38,5 ° C);
• rash after vaccination measles, rubella, mumps in rare cases resemble the active development measles infection, which is characterized by a rash on the head once and then on the trunk and limbs.

As noted above often leads to complications namely measles vaccine component of this complex. Complications happen, but yet they do not happen too often, and developing 6 to 11 days. This includes the following states:

• severe toxic reaction, which lasts no more than five days with increasing temperature of at least 38,5 ° C, rash, sore throat and redness, weakness, enlarged lymph nodes;
• there are cases of involvement in the inflammatory process of the central nervous system with the development of seizures, and the appearance of symptoms of post-vaccination encephalitis (inflammation of the brain);
• are allergic to the vaccine contains protection against measles, rubella, mumps is characterized by a variety of rashes on the body, sometimes angioedema in severe cases, anaphylactic shock.

Reactions to vaccination against mumps component

Vaccination containing protective antibodies against mumps, easily tolerated, despite the fact that it is also a live attenuated vaccine. All reactions are usually after 8 days and reach a maximum at 14-16 days. Sometimes there is:

• slight parotid salivary glands within one to three days;
• redness of the throat and rhinitis;
• a short-term rise in temperature.

How much the temperature is kept? - no more than two days.

In contrast to the complications of measles antibodies against the effects of the mumps component to be less severe and rare.

1. Toxic reactions that occur 8-14 days with a fever and a sharp deterioration in health.
2. The defeat of the nervous system with meningitis effects (headaches, weakness, cramps, nausea, vomiting).
3. Allergic reactions. They rarely occur, in most cases, children with frequent allergies to food, medicines, preservatives.

Possible reactions to the protection against rubella

Prevention rubella vaccine is presented in a multicomponent live attenuated virus cells. Children reactions are rare and they are not severe in nature.

1. Swollen lymph nodes after vaccination measles, rubella, mumps, and redness of the injection site.
2. A slight increase in temperature within a maximum of two days.
3. Very seldom arthralgia or emergence of pain in the joints at low load and at rest.

If after vaccination measles, rubella, mumps rash in the form of small roseola (reddish spots of small size), or purple spots - a complication of rubella component.

How to cope with the effects of vaccination

Reactions such as redness and swelling - is the norm. So at the site of inflammation produced product with a large number of blood cells, allowing the immune response occurs faster and more efficient. Even if the reaction was delayed for two days, no need to panic. Conventional anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-pyretic drugs to help cope with symptoms.

In the event of significant complications after vaccination measles, rubella, mumps as the need to consult a doctor as soon as possible. In some cases require more serious drugs, monitoring of health workers and hospitalization.

Contra-vaccination measles, rubella, mumps

Not all illustrated the use of drugs that protect from these infections. In all cases, the contraindications are divided into permanent and temporary.

Permanent contraindications to vaccination:

• strong reaction or complication expressed on previous administration of the vaccine;
• any conditions or diseases which are accompanied by a sharp decrease in immunity: AIDS, malignant blood diseases, cancerous processes;
• vaccination against measles, rubella and mumps is contraindicated if a person has an allergy to aminoglycosides and egg white.

Temporary contraindications to vaccination:

• chemotherapy, immunosuppressive;
• exacerbation of chronic diseases or SARS;
• intravenous immunoglobulin or blood components, while vaccines are not earlier than three months.

How to behave before vaccination

How to help a child is easier to move the vaccine? This unpleasant procedure is easier to prepare than later to deal with many complications.

1. In the morning before vaccination the child should be examined for its general well-being, to hold the thermometer.
2. Show the child's doctor. A word of advice mothers: no need in the clinic to stand in line with your child! Better yet mom standing in the queue to see a doctor with him at this time let dad or grandma will walk on the street to avoid contact with infected children.
3. Based on the readings, your doctor may direct the overall analyzes.
4. Children with nervous system require special preparation for the vaccination measles, rubella, mumps. If the child has a chronic disease of the nervous system - before the vaccine is best to consult further with the neurologist, who can prescribe anticonvulsant drugs.
5. Children with chronic diseases vaccinated during stable remission. If a child is forced to constantly take medication for the treatment of chronic disease - vaccinated against these infections do on the background of the main treatment.
6. On the eve can not go to places with large crowds, especially during the period of acute infectious diseases.

What not to do after vaccination

In order not to confuse the complications of the vaccine with other similar conditions need to be alert and after immunization.

1. Within 30 minutes after vaccination to remain under the supervision of medical staff, not far away from the clinic.
2. Can I bathe the child after vaccination measles, rubella, mumps? - Yes, you can. But it is better to do on the day of vaccination showering without a long swim and rubbing space sponge injection.
3. We do not eat unfamiliar foods, introduce new exotic dishes that are not allergic there.
4. Is it possible to walk after vaccination measles, rubella, mumps? If it's good weather and the child it is better to sleep - walks can not be canceled. Avoid the need to playgrounds, walking in public places so as not to catch SARS, which sometimes mistakenly taken as a complication of the vaccination.

It is important to stock up in advance the necessary preparations and to discuss with your doctor the possible consequences of vaccination.

Species used vaccines

Patriotic ternary vaccine measles, rubella, mumps is not. Now there is only a two clinics version with protection against measles and mumps, which represents some inconveniences, because will have to make one more additional injection of rubella. But they are not inferior to foreign portability.

Among the imported vaccines against measles, rubella, mumps successfully for many years, the following:

• MMR measles, mumps and rubella, which produced a joint US-Dutch company;
• Belgian "Priorix";
• English "Ervevax".

Vaccinations made of imported vaccine, much more convenient. Protecting each for measles, mumps and rubella is not inferior to the Russian counterpart.

But unlike domestic for imported vaccines have to pay on their own, and they cost a lot. Another drawback - it is a necessity foreign vaccine research. This will have to take care in advance.

Her need to order or to seek health care facilities, not forgetting the conditions of transportation and storage of the drug.

What vaccines of all to prefer - is the choice of people who will be vaccinated.

Do I need to be vaccinated measles, rubella, mumps? Without exaggeration, we can say that this is one of the most important vaccines against infections in our time. With the side effects of vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella infectious easier to handle, than to fix the many complications of the diseases caused by these viruses!

A source: http://privivku.ru/detyam/privivka-kor-krasnuxa-parotit.html

Vaccination measles mumps rubella - side effects, which vaccine is better revaccination

Diseases such as measles, rubella and mumps are included in the list of "classic" childhood infections.

These diseases are caused by viruses, have high contagiousness (transmissibility) and airborne transmission mechanism, however included in the group of children's respiratory infections.

Suffer from measles, rubella and mumps mostly young children. However, at this point indicated the incidence of childhood infections rise among teenagers and adults.

Vaccination measles mumps rubella - for and against

According NKPP (national calendar of preventive vaccinations), PDAs (measles mumps rubella vaccination) is done in twelve months and six years (a booster).

Many parents are wary of this vaccination because it is performed live vaccine. It is known that young children, these infections are usually easy. Because of this, there is an opinion that we should not burden the child's vaccines and "intermeddle" in his natural immunity.

At this point, the movement of opponents of vaccination has become very popular and more and more parents categorically refuse to vaccinate children.

Of course, the risk of complications is always present when using any drug, vaccine, etc. Absolutely and completely safe drugs do not exist.

However, in strict compliance with methods of preparation for vaccination and vaccine administration rules and using vaccine quality (Neither correctly continuing) compliance with the doctor's recommendations and following immunization, the risk of developing complications from vaccination minimal.

Read more: Full description of rubella and its treatment

Why is the CCP required vaccination?

In this case, you need to understand the main feature of childhood respiratory infections - in children, they tend to be mild or moderate forms. However, in adults, these infections can occur is extremely difficult and lead to serious complications.

Making refusal of vaccination at a young age for fear of complications from the vaccine or considering it unreasonable burden on the immune system, the parent should be aware of the whole range of risk for a child further.

Mumps transferred during adolescence, is usually complicated serous meningitis may also lead to the formation of infertility or diabetes.

Rubella during pregnancy leads to the formation of the most severe fetal malformation, and during the first trimester, can cause miscarriage or stillbirth of the fetus.

Alone among these infections should measles. This disease used to be called "children's plague" due to the high frequency of lethal infections. Intense and accelerated measures for active immunization significantly reduced the mortality from measles.

In unvaccinated children, the risk of death with measles infection is about 10%. In non-vaccinated adults, the disease is extremely difficult and involves a significant risk of death.

It should be noted that a child born from vaccinated or had been ill mother measles to 12 (rarely up to 9 months) has maternal immunity.

Babies born to unvaccinated and without a history of measles mothers, completely vulnerable to the virus.

The risk of death or complications (severe ear infections, pneumonia, thrombocytopenia and bleeding, encephalitis, seizures, etc.) is much higher.

rubella danger to pregnant

Rubella, which in young children usually is mild (complications of type rubella encephalitis occur about 1 child out of 1,000), for pregnant, not grafted and rubella pose a serious hazard.

Rubella virus has a high affinity for fetal tissues and can lead to the development of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Kid with CRS are born with congenital heart disease, blindness and deafness.

Also, rubella virus can infect fetal brain tissue (hereinafter possible severe mental retardation), a liver, spleen, etc.

Rubella in the first trimester of pregnancy can cause miscarriage or pregnancy fading.

Home rubella dangerous for women to bear a child, is that a woman can transfer disease were obliterated.

With this course of the disease may occur only isolated rash for a few days. The state of health of the pregnant is not broken, and the woman can write off small allergic rash.

However, even erased forms of rubella have severe teratogenic and mutagenic effects on the fetus.

In this regard, when any suspicion rubella, the pregnant woman should be examined for the presence of antibodies protivokrasnushnyh.

When infected with rubella in early pregnancy may be advised abortion. The final decision in this case takes only a mother.

It must be notified of all the risks for the unborn child and the high probability of having had severe birth defects.

In this connection, all without a history and unvaccinated women in the planning of pregnancy is recommended to be vaccinated against rubella.

Within 3 months after vaccination is not recommended to get pregnant.

However, the pregnancy until three months after vaccination is not an indication for termination of pregnancy, since the vaccine used is significantly attenuated viruses.

Especially preparations for vaccination

Measles mumps rubella vaccination is included in the list of mandatory. However, the question of vaccination is seen strictly individual for each child.

This is due to the fact that vaccination PDAs, like any other, has a number of general and specific contraindications or time constraints to conduct.

Therefore, vaccination before the child must be examined by a pediatrician and a general pass tests (general analysis of blood and urine).

Without prior examination, delivery of analyzes and authorization pediatrician vaccination, vaccination should not be placed.

Compliance with these safety precautions will help minimize the risk of complications after vaccination.

What is a vaccine against measles, rubella, mumps better?

Because the CCP, according to the national calendar of public vaccinations included in the list of mandatory vaccines purchased by the state. Vaccination is placed free of charge.

Often use the domestic vaccine against measles, mumps, rubella and Indian.

If necessary, use Priorix vaccine containing all three viruses.

All vaccines are preliminary studies on efficacy and safety.

Domestic vaccine measles mumps rubella

Protivokrasnushnoy Russian vaccine does not exist.

Contraindications to vaccination against measles, mumps and rubella

Vaccination is carried out only after the examination of the child and the doctor checks. Administration of the vaccine is carried out in the clinic, qualified personnel. At home, on their own, etc. vaccination is not assigned.

Due to the fact that you are using live (weakened) vaccine, mumps vaccine, measles, rubella is not put at:

• the presence in a patient allergic reactions to chicken origin (quail) eggs and aminoglycoside antibiotics;
• individual hypersensitivity to vaccine components;
• allergy vaccine administered in the first (contraindication for revaccination);
• pregnancy is confirmed or suspected it;
• presence of acute exacerbation of chronic diseases or pathologies;
• expressed cellular immunodeficiency and symptomatic vmch infection;
• presence of malignancies, leading to disruption of cell-mediated immunity reactions (leukemias, lymphomas, etc.).

Precautions vaccine is used when the patient has a history of severe allergic reactions (of any origin), and seizures.

Also consider features of drug-drug interactions. Grafting mumps, measles, rubella not put patients receiving immunoglobulin preparations or components of blood plasma. In this case, the interval between administration of these drugs and vaccines should be three months.

Given that vaccination mumps, measles, rubella is done live, attenuated vaccine, it is strictly forbidden to be combined with the administration of other live vaccines.

If the child had been ill with measles, rubella and mumps - this is not a contraindication to revaccination at 6 years old.

Vaccination of children born to HIV-positive mothers

The greatest difficulty is the vaccination of children born to HIV-infected mothers.

For this category of patients, preventive vaccinations are essential, as a result of severe immunodeficiency they are more difficult to carry any infections, and therefore, their risk of death is much higher and the development of complications from disease. Timely conduct of vaccine prophylaxis can improve prognosis and reduce the risk for these patients.

Earlier vaccination PDAs children with HIV was not performed. However, recent studies have confirmed that the HIV-infected children are able to elicit cellular and humoral immune response (in spite of the reduction in antibody content).

Vaccination is carried out only after put the final diagnosis and were examined on the CD4 + cells. Vaccination mumps, measles, rubella carry children without clinical manifestations and expressed cell immunodeficiency.

Patients with contraindications, after exposure to measles immunoglobulins or epid.parotitom shown prophylaxis.

Side effects of vaccination "measles mumps rubella", how to avoid?

It should be understood that the occurrence of the common cold, a little weakness, fever (37-38 degrees), a slight redness of the throat and the slim rash is a normal reaction to a child vaccine. Perhaps also a slight swelling of the parotid glands and redness at the injection site.

Such a reaction is not a cause for panic. When the rash children recommended the appointment of antihistamines. It should be noted that in order to reduce the risk of developing a rash after vaccination, taking antihistamines preparations necessary to begin two days before vaccination and continue for at least three days after the conference.

Additionally, it may be recommended course sorbents (enterosgel). However, it should be remembered that the time interval between reception of sorbents and other drugs should not be less than two hours. Also recommended copious drinking regime.

To reduce the risk of adverse effects, it is recommended as the first day after vaccination to give up walks and inviting guests. Subsequently, in the absence of contraindications, walks allowed.

When the temperature rises above 37.5-38 degrees used antipyretics (paracetamol, ibuprofen). Aspirin is contraindicated.

Antivirals, antibiotics, immunoglobulins, etc. at higher temperatures and appears rhinitis after vaccination administered.

Most often, vaccination CCP transferred easily or with slight fever, rhinitis and neobilnye rash. Severe reactions allergic genesis and other complications from the vaccine are extremely rare as Typically, non-compliance with the rules of preparation for vaccination and drug administration to patients with the presence of contraindications.

The true side effects of vaccination, in which you need to seek immediate medical attention are:

• High resistant to receiving antipyretics, fever;
• copious confluent rash;
• convulsions;
• erythema multiforme;
• otitis;
• bronchitis and pneumonia, etc.

Is it possible to walk after vaccination measles mumps rubella?

It is recommended to limit the walks only on the first day after administration of the drug.

Contraindication to walk is the presence of the baby temperature reaction to the vaccine. After temperature stabilization, or good tolerability vaccination walks allowed.

Where to put the vaccine measles mumps rubella?

The vaccine is administered subcutaneously (under the shoulder blade or the shoulder). Some vaccines (Priorix) may be administered intramuscularly.

Introduction intravenously is strictly forbidden for any vaccine.

Can I get mumps, measles or rubella if vaccinated?

According to statistics, about 15% of children after the first vaccination can move measles, rubella and mumps. However, vaccinated children, these diseases often occur in the form of a worn and do not lead to severe complications.

A source: http://lifetab.ru/privivka-kor-krasnuha-parotit-pobochnyie-deystviya-kakaya-vaktsina-luchshe-revaktsinatsiya/

PDAs vaccine - measles, rubella, mumps (and what you do kiddies domestic or imported as a vaccine suffered?

Measles and measles vaccine

Measles - is a viral infection, which is called a childhood disease. The susceptibility of people to measles approaching the absolute, ie. E. to be close to the sick person and do not get sick is almost impossible. Being sick is not only http://crazymama.ru/razvitie2.php.

Measles - a high temperature (up to 38-39 ° C), feeling of weakness, general malaise, poor appetite. Bright measles symptoms - runny nose, rough "barking" and sharply reddened conjunctiva. His most specific symptom - measles rash of small spots, which in appearance resembles semolina or bran. Measles patients treated at home.

Hospitalize only those who are sick with measles complicated.

The prognosis for a favorable measles - a disease passes without consequences. However, with the development of complications of measles becomes a deadly disease. These complications include encephalitis - inflammation of the brain, severe diarrhea with dehydration, ear infections with complications, and the highest risk is associated with pneumonia.

Among other things, it affects the eyes measles virus, which can cause complete or partial blindness.

Immunity after undergoing natural measles infection resistant. Repeated measles are rare.

Immunity after grafting a short time (10 years after vaccination only in 36% of vaccinees retained protective antibody titers).

What and how to instill?

Typically used a combined vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella. two foreign drug registered in Russia: MMR-II (USA) and Priorix (Belgium). Both vaccines combined - against measles, rubella and mumps.

Domestic combined preparation against mumps and measles is called - the vaccine mumps-measles (Russia). There are single vaccines - a measles vaccine (Russia) and Ruvaks (France). The compositions of these vaccines are different, but all has been revealed a very good level of ability to generate immunity (immunogenicity) and they are easy to carry.

The differences relate to the production of different vaccines for the most part of two key points. The first - imported vaccines prepared in embryonated chicken eggs, and therefore it is contraindicated to children, all of whom had severe reactions to egg protein. Russian vaccine is devoid of these shortcomings, as prepared in the Japanese quail embryo.

But we dare to notice severe allergy to egg protein is extremely rare. The second time - imported vaccine produced combined, ie to advocate directly from three diseases - measles, mumps (mumps) and Rubella.

Combined forms provide less roughage, child make fewer shots (which means less stress for crumbs), plus a dwindling number of trips to the doctor. Combined foreign vaccine in most cases can only be purchased in a pharmacy or in a commercial center of the vaccination.

Russian preparations are administered in free clinics in the community. The first measles vaccination done in 12-15 months of age, and the kids, whose moms were inoculated as a child against measles, it is desirable to instill in a year.

The fact that vaccination antibodies in these mothers usually have lower than they should have had been ill, and therefore babies before birth they gave fewer antibodies to protect against the disease. The second vaccination is carried out in 6 years before entering school. Use a second dose of the vaccine to protect those children who, for whatever reasons, are not vaccinated previously, in addition, it is useful to those who have not developed a sufficiently robust immunity in the first administered.

It is worth knowing that the measles vaccine in countries where the risk of disease is great, introduced earlier - 9 or even 6 months, in order to protect children, for whom measles is the most dangerous and gives the hardest complications.

When vaccination is contraindicated?

Contraindications to vaccination are strong reactions or complications from a previous dose of the vaccine, severe allergic reaction to antibiotics, aminoglycosides (all measles vaccines contain small amounts of antibiotics in this group) and avian eggs. It is necessary to delay vaccination for any disease or acute exacerbation of chronic disease.

Carefully and only after consultation with your doctor should be vaccinated children receiving treatment with drugs that weaken the immune system, and administration of blood products (whole blood, plasma, immunoglobulin) during the time period of about 8 weeks before the intended vaccination.

Some cancers are also a contraindication against measles vaccinations. A small percentage of vaccinated babies can be observed the presence of weak adverse reactions in the form of increasing the temperature to 37-38 degrees, or less frequently manifested conjunctivitis neobilnye rash.

These symptoms occur only during the period from the fifth to the twelfth to eighteenth day; they can be stored for 2-3 days. This is the normal process for post-vaccination.

Attention parents!

Vaccination against measles is a live vaccine, t. E. we are talking about the present measles virus, only weakened. Manifestations of reactions to vaccination (runny nose, cough, mild rash) can cause anxiety among parents.

For allergies, they have nothing to do (do not confuse them with complications, then all the reactions are much brighter). Treat it is not necessary, the child in this period is not contagious, can interact with other children (under condition of their health).

After immunization, as with other vaccines, allergic reactions, seizures amid temperature rise, damage to the central nervous system, but the probability of their occurrence is very small.

Mumps and vaccination against it.

Mumps - a disease which is popularly often called mumps or mumps - is keen an infectious viral disease, a member of the same group of childhood diseases as measles, chicken pox or rubella. But suffer from these diseases, like everybody knows, not only children. Adults tend to suffer childhood diseases much heavier.

A characteristic feature of mumps in the fact that it affects the internal glands: parotid salivary glands, sometimes salivary glands under the tongue in the corner of the lower jaw. Less commonly affected pancreas, and testes in boys. Mumps ill in the period between three and eight years, and the boys pig is detected two times more often than girls.

mumps viruses are transmitted by airborne droplets - sneezing, coughing, talk. There are also cases of intrauterine infection (although rare), as well as pin path infection by items that are soiled with saliva sick child, for example, through children's toys or objects Appliances.

After a short initial period of the disease accompanied by loss of appetite, irritability, fatigue, headaches and pain in the throat, on the background of rise in temperature appears pasty painful swelling of the parotid gland. It looks scary, as if a child suddenly put on weight, but only in the area of ​​the neck and face.

The eyes become narrow - all together resembles a pig's snout. Hence the name - pig. Less commonly, the disease takes a different form, and then it becomes really dangerous. This happens in cases where the disease spread to the pancreas or organs of the central nervous system.

Inflammation of the pancreas appears onset of pain in the left upper abdomen, vomiting. The consequence of such pigs may become juvenile diabetes. In rare cases, mumps damaged auditory nerve, which can cause the development of hearing loss - including deafness.

If the disease has arisen during puberty or after, the boys may develop inflammation of the testicles (orchitis), and the girls - an inflammation of the ovaries. In the most severe cases in boys it can cause infertility.

Damage to the central nervous system leads to inflammation of the membranes of the brain (meningitis), which is usually a benign, with a favorable prognosis. But this is only if treated early.

Mumps, time is not recognized, it can develop so fast that your doctor just does not have time to apply. And if the disease takes lives.

In this context, it becomes clear insistence of doctors in question total vaccination of children against mumps.

How to instill?

In our country, from the mumps are not vaccinated separately, although there are monovalent this virus. Typically, a vaccine against mumps part of the dual drug mumps and measles.

A vaccination is a triple - in two shots: + mumps measles and rubella vaccine in a separate injection (Indian-made, there is no domestic analogues). All vaccinations are free of charge.

An alternative option is also carried out free of charge, it is the use of imported associated vaccine, which contains all three infections together. Vaccination against rubella, measles and mumps vaccination is carried out according to the calendar, when the child turns one year and six years.

All of the above drugs (both domestic and foreign vaccines) is generated based on an attenuated (Attenuated) virus type, which does not cause disease, is able to create a strong immunity against infection.

Mumps vaccine registered in Russia - is associated divaktsina (Russia, measles - Mumps), and combined vaccines (measles - mumps - rubella) - MMR-II (US) and Priorix (Belgium).

Attention parents!

All of these vaccines can be administered simultaneously with any other vaccine, except for BCG. Plus such administration - less stress due to the injection, negative - the possible reactions.

In particular, it is important to know that the immunoglobulin or any of the other preparations of human blood should be administered only after 2 weeks or later after vaccination.

If for any reason your child a blood transfusion medication, vaccinations may be carried out 3 months after its application. Immunologists say no combined or separate vaccines do not provide vaccine reactions in most of the children.

Approximately 10% of vaccinated children there is a local normal (normal) vaccinal response to the first or second day. Appears redness, slight swelling of tissue at the injection site. Swelling may persist one or two days, held their own.

A source: https://www.baby.ru/blogs/post/134631454-31592462/

Measles, rubella, mumps - basic types of vaccine and contraindications

Many well-known infections such as measles, mumps and rubella, can significantly degrade the overall well-being of man.

In addition, they in many cases have severe consequences - lead to meningitis, encephalitis, blindness, deafness.

However, specialists have developed a successful method of dealing with "children" infections - immunization of adults and children, complex vaccine against measles, rubella, mumps.

The above-mentioned infections - mumps, measles, rubella - virus, and therefore very contagious to humans. The main routes of transmission - drip-air. And direct contact with already sick or infected person - a prerequisite of infection.

The mechanism of occurrence and development

All three infections similar features and specifications.

Measles

The characteristic features of viral diseases - measles - experts point drip-air transmission path, sharp temperature jump over 38.5-39 degrees, as well as appearance of specific lesions throughout the body patient.

Because when you cough, talk, sneeze, millions of droplets of mucus get into the environment and transferred to air flows in all rooms, infecting others, even without a history of measles, people going on very fast.

The first 1-2 days of infection can masquerade as a common cold, but on closer inspection expert can be revealed barely visible specks on the buccal mucosa, as well as increased lymph nodes.

Then, after a gradual appearance of specific rash, to put an adequate diagnosis is not difficult. Babies up to a year to protect the antibodies received from the mother. But after 12 months, the risk of infection increases many times.

Formulation of vaccines against measles - virtually the only way to effectively protect.

Rubella

Another frequently encountered in pediatric practice infection - rubella, also transmitted through the air. Kids it is transferred easily enough. Characteristic symptoms appear within 2.5-3 weeks from the moment of contact with the ill person.

There sharp rise in body temperature - degrees over 38.5-39 denominated pain impulses in the head, malaise, increase in lymph nodes. Then start rashes on the skin - melkotochechnye are generally on the side surfaces of the body and limbs.

Rubella is a particular danger for the female half of humanity during the period of gestation - increases the risk of miscarriage and stillbirth babies. If the baby still comes to light, it is possible manifestation of developmental abnormalities.

parotitis

The ability to drip-air spread of mumps have slightly less than that of measles or rubella. Typical clinical manifestations are defeated and BTE submandibular salivary glands.

On the first day pig hidden behind general malaise and weakness. Then visually become a noticeable increase in the volume of the salivary glands, the kid becomes difficult to eat, chew.

Time affixed vaccination measles, mumps, help reduce the risk of multiple infections.

Good to know: Features measles clinic

main contraindications

Like any other medical intervention, the introduction of vaccination "measles, rubella, mumps» must be preceded by compulsory pre-inspection expert - to exclude possible contraindications.

To those may be assigned the following states:

• immunodeficiency;
• presence of malignant neoplasms;
• leukemias;
• extensive destruction of nerve structures;
• Individual overreaction to any kinds of vaccines;
• allergic reactions to any of the components of immunomodulating agents.

If any of the above conditions - absolute contraindication to immunization against rubella and mumps.

Temporarily postpone your vaccination may recently transferred SARS, acute respiratory infections, exacerbation of somatic pathology. A similar situation is with pregnant women - the implementation of preventive vaccination is delayed in order to avoid complications to the fetus.

Neglect vaccination regulations can cause some serious consequences, especially when it comes to vaccines against viral pathologies.

Modern types of vaccines

Advances in recent decades in medicine have allowed professionals to develop and put into practice highly efficient and at the same time completely safe virus vaccine against measles, rubella and mumps. As a rule, the timing of their introduction coincide with immunization against chickenpox.

To date, there are several types of vaccines - directly dependent on the type of viral agents that are present in the composition means.

Typically, medications contain viruses typed elements - it allows you to generate a sufficiently high level activation of the human immune barriers and stable formation of individual tolerance to these pathogens infections. Thus, it is possible to use a graft of any kind, showing no concern for the level of security.

The vaccine may be either a ternary or binary and multicomponent even. Therefore, they will be interchangeable, it is possible to deliver measles vaccine, and the other solution - against rubella and mumps.

Classification according to WHO requirements:

1. Complete solutions containing all three subtypes of attenuated virus - a three-component vaccine. They are preferred since for a single administration is achieved several goals.
2. The vaccine with two types of viruses: measles-rubella or measles-mumps - a two-component agent. It is combined with a single-component - rubella or mumps. The introduction is carried out in different areas of the body, which is very kids perceived negatively.
3. The vaccine against only one variant of the infection - mono-component drug. They are trained in various syringes in different areas of the body, however, they can be put in one visit and treatment rooms. Linking vaccine in the same syringe is absolutely forbidden.

manufacturers

There is a gradation of manufacturers. In today's pharmaceutical market of the following options for the vaccine presented in Russia:

• attenuated, live, domestic production of two-component - using proteins from the eggs of Japanese quail: measles-mumps;
• triple, imported, e.g., Priorix, Rudivax - simultaneously in the composition comprising viral particles and attenuated measles and rubella, and mumps, which is very convenient for the introduction of procedures that require only a single injection of one part of the body, the efficiency is not inferior to the Russian option.

To assist in the selection of one or another variant of the vaccine - the task of local pediatrician, who knows all the features of the baby's health, the possibility of a reaction to the vaccination.

Dates calendar of preventive vaccinations

According to the existing calendar of preventive vaccinations, immunization against all three infections - measles-mumps-rubella performed subsequent schedule:

• the first staging of vaccinations a year - in the absence to the relative and absolute contraindications;
• two follow - revaccination: to achieve a toddler aged 6-7 years and 15-16 years.

Such multiplicity due to the fact that over time, weaken the immune barriers and the risk of infection increases again.

Ministry of Health also carried out additional care about the health of the population - the possibility of setting free vaccinations - measles-mumps-rubella to 39 years.

Subsequently, if there is a need - the vaccine a person performs at his own expense, every ten years.

Carry out the procedure at any precinct polyclinic - after a preliminary examination of an expert. Medical practice and introduces the drug intramuscularly or subcutaneously. Kids up to three years: the optimal area - the outer surface of the thigh, and the older children - in the deltoid muscle mass shoulder.

Grafting must give their consent to vaccination, if he has reached the appropriate age, or such consent is given by his parents, in writing, in duplicate, one copy of which is glued to an outpatient card.

After the procedure, be sure to also filled with medical records - information about grafting entered into the vaccination pass, which is issued for each person.

Possible adverse reactions to vaccination

The most common and therefore often detectable side effects on the vaccination delivered include:

• soreness and seal a place where an injection was made, it is formed in the first day alone eliminated;
• temperature after vaccination measles, rubella, mumps formed in 5-15% of vaccinees, with the rise of numbers up to 38.5-39%, but most low-grade, and does not require medical intervention, however, allowed a single dose of fever-reducing medication, for example, on the basis of paracetamol;
• For several days there may be sore throat, mild cough, eliminating themselves;
• different localization and staining rash after vaccination, another negative effect of vaccination to occur in 35-45% of cases, Localization: on the face, behind the ears, arms, buttocks, on the back of the baby, can pour a few days, but in no way to lubricate necessary;
• since any vaccine is composed of attenuated viral particles may be slightly swollen lymph nodes, especially in the preparation of mumps;
• People with a history of allergic reactions of embodiment anaphylactic edema to egg protein or neomycin, are included in group particularly high risk from the effects of vaccination, so professionals should carefully weigh the admission of evidence at vaccinated;
• mild form of measles infections may occur in people who already previously immunized with, however, exposed to viral agents;
• less skilled to face such a situation in formulating vaccines against measles, rubella, mumps, when the reaction occurs joints, most often occurs in older patients, it does not interfere with usual activities, are themselves;
• rarely the vaccine may contribute to the inhibition of coagulation parameters of blood - thrombocytopenic purpura complicating bruises all over his body, epistaxis.

All of the above reflects the effects of vaccination are active in the body the formation of a high immunity against infections. However, none of them is not an independent pathology and therefore requires only symptomatic relief rather than cure. As a rule, all the reactions disappear within 4-5 days.

The consequences of vaccination, preventive measures

Severe reactions to the vaccine measles-mumps-rubella - is very rapid manifestation of penetration even if it is weakened, but still infectious agents into the human body. It is necessary to distinguish the effects of vaccination.

These include:

• aseptic meningitis;
• hives;
• Various encephalitis;
• anaphylactic shock;
• inflammation of the lung tissue, organism as a distraction to the vaccine by acute pathology;
• temporary thrombocytopenia;
• forming myocarditis;
• glomerulonephritis;
• acute toxic shock syndrome.

However, all of these complications occur in humans only by virtue of a significant weakening of the immune barrier. Such a state is itself a relative contraindication to vaccination. Subject to all conditions - check-up, a special allowance, compliance with the rules of antisepsis, side effects and the consequences of vaccination does not occur.

People who have a penchant for a few days before the visit of allergic reactions vaccination office, and a few days after administration of the vaccine is recommended to take antiallergic medicines. Those who are of the nerve structures, other somatic diseases, the therapy aims to prevent their aggravation due to vaccination.

Often ill babies for the prevention of exacerbations of chronic foci, especially when deadlines vaccination does not occur in the summer, following immunization expert appointed restorative facilities.

On all the questions: How is the vaccine measles-mumps-rubella as tolerated, which measure prevention must be taken against undesirable moments to get to know the answers to the pediatrician in advance.

A source: https://MyTerapevt.com/kor/krasnuha-parotit-privivka.html