Circumcision in adult men: in some cases illustrated

Clipping - is a surgical operation that is removed (wholly or partially) the foreskin of the penis, causing the penis head remains constantly naked.

At present, circumcision is carried out mainly for three reasons: medical, hygienic and religious.

However, there is the term "aesthetic circumcision", which is clearly indicative of a certain relation to the results of the surgery... As a modern man should be inquisitive to know about circumcision?

Circumcision: a bit of history

History of circumcision surgery has true three thousand years. For the first time it appears in the image of the ancient Egyptians. Besides them (according to Herodotus), the operation itself was Colchians (those living in Kolkhida part present Georgia) and Ethiopia.

Circumcision also existed among the Phoenicians, and the peoples of Canaan - Ammonites, Edomites and Moabites. However, the same Herodotus says he does not know who borrowed the circumcision Egyptians themselves. And found rock carvings, depicting a process reminiscent of the circumcision. Therefore, some scholars believe that this practice is even more ancient than is commonly believed.

According to some sources he is 15 000 (fifteen thousand!) Years. However, this is just a hypothesis.

In today's world of cut-off operation is conducted for four main reasons - health, hygiene, religious and aesthetic. We should not forget that, historically, the first three causes widespread cutoff quite closely related.

Circumcision for medical reasons

Much more often than "circumcision", the term circumcision (circumcisio) is used in medicine, which literally means "the circular circumcision." Today, the most common indication for planned this operation is phimosis - narrowing foreskin of the penis, which leads to the impossibility of exposure of its head and / or the appearance of pain at the same time sensations.

The main complaints of patients with phimosis include:

• pain when laid bare head during an erection;
• hygiene problems associated with the accumulation of smegma in prepuce;
• problems with urination in severe forms of phimosis.

The causes of phimosis, in turn, can be:

1. Children's age (physiological phimosis in children is caused by "gluing" of the glans penis and the inner layer of the foreskin).
2. Injuries to the penis, which is formed as a result of scar tissue, which leads to a narrowing of the foreskin (called cicatricial phimosis).
3. Inflammation of the foreskin (balanoposthitis), which also leads to scarring and phimosis.
4. Genetic predisposition to the formation of phimosis as a result of a congenital connective tissue diseases, namely, anomalies its elastic component.

Phimosis itself enhances constriction of the foreskin because of the constant trauma of its leaves and the formation of micro-breaks in her head during body during erection. When healing in areas of microscopic scar tissue is formed, is not capable of stretching. This leads to a further narrowing of the flesh and the development of phimosis.

Displaying circumcision and in this complication of phimosis, as the development of the increment of the foreskin to the glans of the penis. This pathology is more common in phimosis 3-4 degrees, but can occur and at least a substantial narrowing.

The increment of the foreskin occurs due to prolonged close contact of the head and internal leaf foreskin, which leads to bonding of the contacting surfaces and the formation of adhesions (Synechiae).

Treatment only operative adhesions, and is to divide adhesions and performing circumcision.

However, circumcision may be urgent - that is, performed as an emergency surgery! Indications for such an operation is paraphimosis - infringement of the glans penis constricted foreskin that occurs when you try to expose the head during sexual intercourse or masturbation.

Pinching usually occurs when phimosis 2-3 degrees, when you can bring the crown, but this requires some effort. Infringement is dangerous, leading to a marked swelling of the head and, as a consequence, the impossibility of its reduction.

Greatly disturbed circulation of the glans penis, manifested its blueness and sharp soreness.

Further possible necrosis of the head, so paraphimosis is an acute condition requiring urgent intervention! In rare cases it is sufficient manual reposition head, but often surgery is required on a longitudinal incision and excision of the foreskin of her sheets.

Circumcision and hygiene

As you know, under the skin covering the glans, smegma is released (from the Greek aixrjyixa, or - sebum) - a mixture of secretions of the sebaceous glands of the foreskin, the dead skin cells of the epithelium and moisture.

With the lack of hygiene of the genital organs, this substance accumulates in the preputial space - "bag" at flesh, and becomes a breeding ground for bacteria that provoke inflammation and the development of other trouble.

Therefore, developed countries all young mothers in maternity home talk about how it is necessary to wash away the newborn ...

However, for adult members of the stronger sex hygiene is important, no less, the more that there is that the data "Stagnant" male smegma, getting into the vagina during intercourse, increases the likelihood of cancer in women. In short, the postulate of the need to guard the purity of the genitals does not require proof! But…

Rock paintings depicting the rite of circumcision, not without reason have been found in Africa. Egypt, Syria, Phenicia, Canaan - wilderness areas, adjacent to the Mediterranean Sea. The climate of these places can be described in just a few words - a little water, a lot of heat.

In such circumstances, thoroughly wash the head of the penis, at least twice a day, to put it mildly, difficult. And keep the "causal place" clean is essential: in conditions of constant "heating" the speed of any inflammation increases.

So in this case, circumcision plays a role of fool-proof - automatic protection.

By the way, according to those who are already in middle age underwent circumcision, after this procedure, heat is better, even in temperate latitudes! But in the cold perception differences were observed before and after circumcision.

Circumcision and religion

According to the researchers, some ancient peoples circumcision is quite justified from the point of view of hygiene, also serve as a "tribute cruel and evil deity who needs to sacrifice a part to save the whole - cut a child to keep him a life".

Later, circumcision was a rite of initiation - a boy, having undergone him become a man. In ancient Egypt, circumcision is done on the 14th year of life.

This rite is himself a kind of official recognition of sexual maturity (after the meeting a man was able to marry).

In Islam, circumcision is considered part of the path of the prophets, and committed the boy until the age of sexual maturity, while the young man has not yet become an adult and has assigned to it "adult" duties.

However, most theologians agree that circumcision should be performed as early as possible, since, according to one of the religious book - a collection of Hadith Baihaqi - famous Prophet Muhammad his own grandchildren Hassan and Husayn was circumcised on the seventh day after birth.

At the moment people, traditionally professing Islam, circumcision is often presented as a national custom, although the timing of this ceremony is often different in different nations. For example, the Turks traditionally perform circumcision of boys 8-13let Persians - 3-4 years, the Muslim Malay Archipelago - 10-13 years.

Interestingly, the timing of the traditional circumcision can even vary depending on the place of residence of representatives of the people! Thus, the Arabs living in cities spend sons circumcised for 5-6 year of life, and rural - for 12-14 year.

The Jews circumcision occupies a special place, as the symbol of the execution of the divine covenants, these people. Circumcision of newborn boys is performed on the eighth day after birth.

This is, firstly, allows the baby without any disruption to host the first Saturday in his life (this day is especially revered in Jewish religion), and, secondly, it allows the mother to recover from childbirth and to take part in an important ceremony.

The commandment of circumcision is so vital for those who profess Judaism, which is strictly observed, though in History has repeatedly repeated situation, when a circumcised man could pay (and paid!) life.

On this basis, in fact, determine the status of the men of the Jews - the people for appropriate verification stripped in the streets. So it was in ancient Rome, and in medieval Spain, and under Hitler... Nevertheless (and a century ago, and today), the rite of circumcision, which is given mainly spiritual fulfillment, in Judaism is observed holy.

In fact, circumcision "did not stick" only in Christianity (with the exception of only a few movements), although, according to sources, respected representatives of this religion, Jesus Christ, not only was circumcised himself, but also to be circumcised and his disciples.

How to carry out the circumcision

When cutting (including medical), the foreskin of the penis is usually cut off the entire circumference. Circumcision is usually performed using local anesthesia (sometimes under general anesthetic).

In the United States, Europe, Southeast Asia, the circular circumcision often performed using a variety of clamps that are matched to the size of the penis.

Clip is also used as a protective shield that protects the glans penis from accidental cuts. After cutting again use clips that are left on the penis for a few days until the wound has healed.

However, for better healing sometimes overlap seams.

In Ukraine, circumcision is most often used so-called "manual technique" when the surgeon simply cuts off pieces of the foreskin and stitch edges of the wound with absorbable suture material (catgut, vicryl, and so on. P.).

The main stages of the operation of circumcision are:

1. Anesthesia (novocaine, lidocaine).
2. Circular circumcision. In this case, the inner sheet should remain 5-10 mm over the entire circumference in order to during erection did not skin deficit.
3. Coagulation of bleeding vessels.
4. Suturing the outer and inner sheets of foreskin between an atraumatic resorbable yarns.
5. Imposition of aseptic dressings.

Duration of the operation - not more than 30 - 40 minutes. After surgery pain low, the patient leaves the medical institution through 1 hour after its closure.

Postoperative care is extremely simple and does not require regular visits to the doctor. The patient in the home performs data doctor recommendations.

Wound closure is performed with absorbable suture material, so that the seams then do not need to be removed.

As used in step electrocoagulating knife and laser. They are good because they "brew" the wound edges, preventing bleeding.

Circumcision: bring some results

Circumcision is good because:

• Simplifies the implementation of hygiene measures;
• Eliminates diseases such as phimosis and Paraphimosis;
• By eliminating accumulations of smegma, which is an excellent breeding ground for many microorganisms, infection of the urinary tract in circumcised men is much less, so they have less common cystitis, pyelonephritis, and a number of other diseases of the genitourinary system;
• After male circumcision is less frequent penile cancer and their wives are less common cancer of the cervix;
• The duration of intercourse in men after circumcision increases due to the decrease in the sensitivity of the penis head.

What has been said - it is certainly a plus. But distinct disadvantages, this operation does not... So, no matter what the climate did not live a modern man, and no matter what religion professed, he can consult with a specialist - and resort to the aesthetic circumcision. It is likely that the woman he loves will love it!

A source: https://www.health-ua.org/faq/urologiya-i-nefrologiya/115.html

Male circumcision: indications, advantages and disadvantages of the operation, as do

According to medical statistics, the procedure uses cutting-sixth of the entire male population of the planet. Scientifically speaking, these boys or men are subjected to circumcision surgery - removal of the circular skin of the foreskin.

operation Objectives

When this surgery is pursued a number of objectives:

• National - in some countries accepted circumcision, after the procedure, the child is considered to be a man;
• religious - process - an integral part of religious doctrine;
• sexy - the duration of sexual intercourse increases;
• Medical - eliminated congenital abnormalities in the structure of the male member;
• hygienic - it may be the only option for the prevention of penis inflammatory diseases in tropical countries. Particularly, in the absence of water and at danger ingress of sand under the foreskin (prepuce).

The operation has a positive and negative aspects: the former is larger, but the doctors did not express an unambiguous "yes."

Scientists agree that a solution should be fully meaningful and thoughtful, not minute impulse or a tribute religion. This surgery. It must be carried out by physicians.

Perform it yourself can not in any case. You can touch the nerve endings that lead to dangerous loss of body changes and sensitivity.

medical conditions

Factors in which doctors recommend to carry out the circumcision.

phimosis

If an infant is almost all the boys head is completely or partially covered by the foreskin, and does not come out of it. With age, it should be slightly opened gradually to full nude.

If in 14 years that did not happen, the disease is diagnosed phimosis, which is very dangerous for adults because it affects the process of emptying the bladder.

If mild illness man feels discomfort during urination time, the process can simply stop in complex cases. Anomaly is treated surgically.

paraphimosis

Complication of early disease, which, when you try to expose the head prepuce compresses it and blocks access of blood, tissue, without quick medical attention might wither. Paraphimosis, and the people it is called "noose" - a dangerous condition that requires immediate surgical intervention. Member Photos with the anomaly is given below.

Surgery is indicated in the following cases:

1. For injuries of the foreskin tissue as a result of their self-healing may cause scarring, which would prevent the normal intimate relations.
2. Repeated infections, sexually transmitted diseases.
3. Cases when a man suffers from premature ejaculation regularly.
4. In men, after 60-70 years, the skin becomes loose and prepuce covers the urine channel, complicating the process of urination.

Functions of excess skin

That part of the skin, which is removed during circumcision, has its own functions that are important for men. The adult foreskin surface area of ​​37 square centimeters, which is about 1/3 of the total length of the penis. On it there is a fold that is straightened when it increases. It plays an important role in supporting the foreskin clean.

The foreskin protects the head. the liquid is produced under the fold, thanks to her slimy penis remains delicate and sensitive. The man who was circumcised, mucous tissue in the body grows and is formed of several layers of the skin. It is coarser than before.

Contraindications

Before the operation, it is necessary to be examined by a urologist, pass the necessary tests to exclude procedures are contraindicated factors.

Circumcision can not be done if there is listed below features:

• Common symptoms of inflammation. If the patient's body temperature is elevated, increased blood leukocytes or have other features in common inflammatory process, delaying operation until full recovery.
• Local inflammatory processes.
• From the genital tract. For men, any allocation testify to infectious-inflammatory process. This may be a sexually transmitted disease, urethritis, caused by pathogenic flora, but in such circumstances to conduct intervention, even the minimum forbidden.
• Poor blood clotting. With care it is necessary to conduct such intervention in diseases of the blood, caused the decline of its clotting.
• Birth defects of the penis, and the foreskin of the structure: curvature, hidden and micropenis. These factors are not necessarily contraindications: specifies only the urologist.
• Neoplasms. With tumors, benign warts, warts, traditional circumcision is contraindicated due to the increased risk of bleeding.

How it's done

Circumcision made Jewish priests - rabbis and other religious figures. Operations were conducted in infancy or during the conversion of a boy into a young man - after 6 years. The procedure took place in the church or on the street, turned into a celebration.

Now circumcision made in the walls of medical institutions, in order to avoid complications and adverse effects. The procedure is performed as follows:

• For infants anesthesia is not used, for the boys after two months and up to 14 years of use of general anesthesia, adults carried out using local anesthetics.
• The penis is cleaned with disinfectant.
• The base is clamped tourniquet.
• The fabric is a needle member administered painkillers such as lidocaine.
• The foreskin is pulled and removed. Doctors usually guided "by eye", because of which there is a risk of tissue removal of the penis or the preservation of the skin removed. In practice clinics world individual patterns that exactly the same shape as the head of the penis, removal passes most effectively.
• Skin is removed with scissors or scalpel.
• At the end of the skin sutures of catgut, which after the procedure need not be removed - after healing thread resolve themselves.
• The penis is wrapped sterile medical bandage.
• Sometimes cut clips: the skin is pulled, fixed with special devices that prevent access of blood, then the fabric will soon die off.
  

  The healing process

  Complete healing period depends on the speed of regeneration of the body, typically the joints heal in 2-5 weeks. Many fear that the seam can break up, although this complication is very rare.

  For a quick and successful wound care needs:

  1. Before removing the joints must be thoroughly moisten the bandage with hydrogen peroxide, so as not to traumatize the tissue adhered Poggio seam.
  2. When ichor lubricated wound antiseptic ointments, washed with potassium permanganate.
  3. The first couple of days of dressing should be done 3-6 times a day, after the improvement of the joint state, once a day. In normal wound dressings can be stopped after 10-12 days.
  4. Oral administration metiluratsila to promote healing.
  5. When the swelling do the bath for a member of a glass of water and a teaspoon of salt.
  6. 2 months to abstain from sexual relations.

Advantages and disadvantages

Indications for intervention:

1. There is information that circumcision prevents the development of cancer tumors member.
2. Good prevention genital diseases resulting from pathogens which settle under the foreskin and further propagated.
3. Prolongation of sexual intercourse: the operation reduces the sensitivity of the head and around the penis.
4. Relief care penis. Under the prepuce smegma accumulates - a perfect environment for microorganisms and dirt, possible inflammation. Circumcision simplifies hygiene.

These reasons have made circumcision popular in many tropical countries and all over the world, but it also has disadvantages.

Disadvantages operations penis male circumcision:

1. Pain during the removal of the skin, can cause in young boys painful shock.
2. After circumcision should be thoroughly cleaned all the wrinkles under the head of the penis in order to avoid getting infections.
3. Dangerous and the operation itself, carried out outside the medical institution. If you have not been complied with health standards, the wound can get infected and cause serious complications, up to difficulty urinating, and deformation of the penis.
4. Head without natural lubrication can suffer from dryness.
5. May cause irritation due to friction with the underwear.
6. Sometimes men blunted sensations during intercourse.

Male circumcision - an old surgery, which was carried out in many countries on religious, national and hygienic reasons. It does not lose its popularity and now, many men are hesitant to it to increase the duration of sexual intercourse or at the request of his girlfriend.

Addressed to the circumcision must be deliberate, as it is surgery, which could have irreversible consequences.

A source: https://AnnaHelp.ru/urology/osobennosti-obrezaniya-u-muzhchin.html

Why carry out male circumcision?

Male circumcision or tsirkumtsiiziya - a surgical procedure, in which the penis is removed with the foreskin. According to world statistics, more than 17% of the male population at different ages perform such surgery. The most common circumcision is carried out in the following order:

• national (usually symbolizes affiliation to the Jewish people);
• moral (to prevent certain kinds of sexual practices that are considered by some social strata evil);
• medical (prevention of various diseases and physiological elimination of defects).

And if the first two points, more or less clear, then the third is to understand in more detail. From a medical point of view, tsirkumtsiiziyu performed to remove phimosis, paraphimosis, the problems associated with premature ejaculation, and also for the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and the prevention of cancer by sexual processes authority.

Pros and cons

If we talk about the benefits of circumcision for men and boys, unless absolutely necessary, in this respect the opinions of experts in this field diverge. There is no consensus on this issue. Assess how good or bad itself can be the basis for Table 1.

Table 1

Per	Against
Reducing the risk of urogenital diseases and of cancer	Strong pain shock
Treatment of some diseases, the above-mentioned	Possible postoperative complications (varicose veins, adhesions, bleeding, thrombosis)
Simplification of procedures for personal hygiene	Possible deformation of the penis
Increasing the duration of sexual intercourse	postoperative discomfort

As shown in Table 1, there are a lot of pros and cons of circumcision. So before you take this step, you need to at least ask yourself: "Why should I?" And consult a doctor.

Common myths about circumcision

The most common myths about circumcision is that many people think that after the operation the penis becomes shorter, which, of course, is not like any man. But it is no more and no less than just a misconception because after the circumcision procedure penis not only ceases smaller, but on the contrary increased, but only visually.

The second myth - it's a long rehabilitation after undergoing the procedure. Yes, of course, if the operation was not successful, then the problem will be after the rehabilitation period. But with the right to be circumcised, the likelihood of complications is practically zero and rehabilitation process will not take much time.

1. The third myth - it is possible to carry out the procedure without cutting the risk of complications at any age. This is partly true. But statistics show that the older the man, the more problems it occurs after the circumcision procedure. So, if you are no longer a young man, something about this surgery unless absolutely necessary not to think better.

Medical indications for tsirkumtsiizii

There are cases where male circumcision - is not just a tradition or a personal whim.

For medical reasons following factors can be attributed to the conduct of operations:

1. Difficulty urinating. When noncoincidence holes foreskin and urethra when the urine collected prepuce and instead increases its normal output bladder.
2. Inflammatory processes in the urinary tract. In some patients with congenital malformation of the penis (phimosis) the opening of the foreskin is too narrow. In consequence of this smegma in prepuce causes severe itching and inflammation of the glans penis. It is worth noting that 80% of children under 3 years fizomy are physiological in nature, but this is no reason to carry out surgery.
3. The risk of cancers of the genitourinary tract. According to research, cancer of the head genitals in circumcised men are much less likely than those who did not commit a similar operation.
4. Dermatological diseases of the genital organs. In uncircumcised of boys the risk of developing skin diseases is three times higher. This happens through what smegma, like any other mucous fluid - a perfect breeding ground for many viruses and pathogenic bacteria.
5. Susceptibility to the virus immunodeficiency. Circumcision also reduces the risk of contracting AIDS, which is especially relevant for the prevention of this disease in Africa.

A source: https://oprostatite.info/muzhskoe-zdorove/obrezanie-u-muzhchin-zachem-eto-nuzhno

Operation circumcision in men - the pros and cons

In recent years it becomes very topical issue of male circumcision. This procedure is performed since ancient times, and in some cultures is part of the developed centuries of tradition. Pros and cons of circumcision in men must be considered from a medical point of view, since it is surgery. In medicine, this procedure is called "circumcision".

Many men necessarily undergo circumcision for religious reasons, but sometimes representatives stronger sex decides to go for an operation for himself, believing that she will bring the benefit of his sexual health. However, before such an action plan, you need to find out what makes male circumcision, and what may be the consequences of this.

Circumcision as a religious rite

Circumcision is performed on a mandatory basis the Jews and Muslims. Circumcision among Jews has deep social significance. It is believed that circumcision was necessary for the boy to become a man. After going through this painful process, it becomes a full member of society.

If you are interested in the age at which the Jews are circumcised, it depends primarily on the state of health of the child. Traditionally, the ritual should be carried out on the 8th day the boy's life, because it is important to make sure he has experienced at least one Saturday, or rather, his condition returned to normal after the birth of the light.

If due to any deviations in health, child failed to carry out circumcision on the 8th day or during childhood, then be sure to perform the operation, when he turns 13 years old.

Also, when it comes to traditions need to know why Muslims are circumcised. It is believed that circumcision in boys or men - evidence that they are willing to follow their prophet and to comply with the laws of Islam.

In our time, this ritual do exclusively with the parents agreement. At what age do circumcision of Muslims depends on each country and the peculiarities of its culture.

In Turkey, the boy undergoes surgery in the period from 8 to 14 yearsIn other countries, circumcision is performed before or after the coming of age boys.

Circumcision has a long history, it is mentioned in the description of various African tribes, procedures patterns can be seen in the tombs of Egyptian pharaohs. To say exactly where this tradition is impossible, but you must respect the choice of the men who dared to be circumcised for religious or cultural beliefs.

Benefits of circumcision from a medical point of view

There is a category of men that circumcision is useful and helps to get rid of the pathological process. Advantages of male circumcision operation:

1. For men, living in countries with a hot climate, circumcision is useful from a hygienic point of view. Due to the intense perspiration between the sheets of foreskin and glans can accumulate a large amount of smegma and it is favorable for the development of an infectious background process;
2. Require circumcision in such a pathological condition is phimosis. Phimosis is characterized by the difficulty of exposure of the head of the penis, which leads to inflammation. In such cases, circumcision is made to cure the underlying disease and prevent relapses. Operation circumcision is carried out at a grave condition of the patient, and sometimes you can do without it;
3. Medical studies have shown that circumcised men are less common oncological disease of the penis, and their wives virtually no risk of cervical cancer;
4. Increasing the duration of sexual intercourse also refers to what is useful to male circumcision. The head of the penis is no longer covered by the foreskin, so constantly in contact with underwear that reduces its sensitivity;
5. For some men, plus the operation is to improve the appearance of their penis, since because of the foreskin they find it unattractive;

The negative effects of circumcision

Since circumcision is a surgical intervention, his conduct is always fraught with the risk of complications. The sad statistics show that about 200 babies a year die because of improper technique or perform circumcision as a result of infection due to the poor hygiene in hospitals. By cons of circumcision for adult men include:

• Intense pain during surgery;
• Stress;
• Violation of sensitivity of the penis head or complete loss of it;
• Some doctors believe that circumcision is not only not prevent the development of infectious processes in the urogenital system, but also increases the risk of their occurrence;
• According to some men and women, without a penis foreskin it looks unnatural and unaesthetic;

Knowing about the benefits and harms of circumcision, every man himself must decide whether the risk of the operation is justified.

However, the decisive factor is the opinion of the doctor who has to carry out a comprehensive survey of men in order to eliminate it contraindications.

Surgical intervention can not be carried out if the man find balanitis or balanoposthitis. In this case, carrying out circumcision lay to cure these pathologies.

Types of circumcision

The following crop types are distinguished depending on the amount of tissue removed:

1. The minimum cutoff: main indications for this kind of operation is an excess amount of the foreskin or phimosis. After surgery, the appearance of the penis remains virtually unchanged;
2. Partial circumcision (partial circumcision) also hold for medical reasons, after holding open is only a small part of the head, which is the external opening urethra;
3. After free circumcision of the penis head is completely open, sometimes in non-erect state authority, it is a little covered the remainder of the foreskin. This kind is the most common;
4. With moderate circumcision of the penis head is always naked;
5. Tight circumcision involves the removal of the foreskin fully, is used very rarely;

In any form of circumcision is also possible to delete or save the bridle, but it is important to remember that the bridle - one of the the most sensitive parts of the penis, and after its removal may decrease the intensity of the pleasurable sensations during sex. If you are very concerned about the aesthetic side of the issue, you can see the photos, it looks like a penis after circumcision.

Surgery and postoperative period

Surgical intervention is performed under local anesthesia. To begin, the surgeon fixes the foreskin folds special clamps, and then produces a circular excision of tissue followed by application of bioresorbable sutures.

Also, circumcision is performed by laser, it is considered to be significant advantages bloodless and less pain than after surgical excision. It should be remembered that the surgery can be complicated by infection or joining painful postoperative period.

A source: https://brulant.ru/health/obrezanie-plyusy-i-minusy/

All about male circumcision - indications, contraindications, both held

The operation is called the circumcision - circumcision. The essence of the operation - removal of the foreskin of the penis. After this intervention, the head of the penis is always naked, both in erection and in flaccid state. This operation is carried out in several indications and has some contraindications to be considered in consultation with the attending physician.

Indications and contraindications

Operation male circumcision is carried out in several indications:

religious:

• This procedure has long symbolized the unity of the Jews with God, circumcised boys spend a few days after birth.
• Muslims procedure is carried out as desired, it represents the ideals of personal hygiene and cleanliness. Most believers circumcised in 7 - 10 years old when the boy can already pray and accept Islam.

hygienic:

• Reducing the risk of transmission of urinary tract diseases, infectious nature.
• Reducing the risk of transmission of sexually transmitted infections and diseases, penile cancer, HIV infection.
• Open state of the glans penis more hygienic, which is particularly important in countries with hot climates. Between the head and the foreskin is a space where smegma accumulates, is a favorable environment for the emergence and growth of bacteria and the development of cancer, as a strong carcinogen.

medical:

• Premature ejaculation, if conservative treatment fails.
• Injuries foreskin.
• Congenital or acquired phimosis - narrowing of the foreskin, its external opening.
• Paraphimosis - infringement of the glans penis foreskin.
• Genital warts in disrepair.
• Cancer of the penis.

Contraindicated to carry out the operation in the following cases:

• purulent balanoposthitis in the acute phase;
• congenital disorders of the penis;
• deformation changes of the penis;
• ulcerative lesions on the mucous membrane of the penis;
• abnormal discharge from the urethra due to diseases of the urogenital system;
• decrease in blood clotting;
• benign and malignant tumors;
• anomalies of the foreskin;
• the presence of scars on the penis.

It is better not to carry out the procedure of circumcision for children under 3 years, since before the age of the head of the penis revealed only 20 percent of boys.

Pros and cons

Like many operations and surgical procedures, circumcision has its pros and cons, which, according to doctors, should be considered.

Advantages of male circumcision:

1. prevention of urogenital diseases;
2. reducing the risk of getting cancer of the penis, syphilis, HIV, genital herpes;
3. It reduces the likelihood of ill cystitis or pyelonephritis in children under 10;
4. of circumcised men probability of transmission of HPV, which causes cervical cancer, the woman is very small;
5. facilitating hygiene of the penis.

procedures Disadvantages:

1. adult male circumcision is not rarely accompanied by pain, bleeding, what is not, if you perform the procedure in childhood;
2. if the operation has been removed much much tissue, the skin can be tightened excessively, leading to deformation of the penis;
3. during circumcision in childhood reduces the amount of DHT, which is in the skin folds and affects the growth of the penis. In circumcised men penis size is shorter;
4. if circumcision is carried into adulthood, increasing the risk of complications.

Possible complications after circumcision:

1. The development of varicose veins.
2. Post-operative adhesions.
3. Hematoma due to insufficiently careful ligation of vessels after an operation.
4. Wound infection because of careless post-operative care.
5. Painful erection, which is necessary when repeated surgery and unraveling seams, if conservative treatment fails.
6. Thrombosis.
7. Complete loss of sensation.
8. Damage to the glans penis.
9. Inflammation of the meatus.

The operation

Before the operation is required to conduct a survey of men with the help of:

1. total blood and urine analysis;
2. coagulation;
3. for patients older than 50 - survey of the therapist and the ECG;
4. blood chemistry;
5. Analysis for hepatitis B and C;
6. HIV test;
7. test for syphilis, tumor markers.

In the presence of inflammation, the week before the operation are assigned antibiotics, antiinflammatory and antifungal agents, baths using antiseptic agents.

Male circumcision is performed under local anesthesia, where the anesthetic is marcaine, procaine, lidocaine and others. The duration of operation is not more than 30 minutes.

1. The patient is placed on the operating table on your back trail sterile cloth over it.
2. The penis is processed antiseptic.
3. At the level of the pubic symphysis on both sides of the doctor leads anesthesia (rare circular anesthesia is administered for a stronger impact).
4. The foreskin is pulled by means of two clamps.
5. The foreskin is stretched on both sides of a pair of scissors and cut the middle of the top and bottom.
6. Further, the foreskin is excised in a circle.
7. Impose clips on the blood vessels and pulls them absorbable thread.
8. Superimposed on the wound sterile dressing.

There's also another technique of circumcision:

1. The foreskin is cut around the area of ​​the coronary sulcus and one centimeter away from it toward the body.
2. Then the foreskin is cut off from the underlying tissue, forming a sleeve.
3. In this technique does not provide peresekanie blood vessels.
4. Stitches in the form of resorbable thread.

Due to post-operative care of the penis, the likelihood of complications is reduced:

1. within a few days after surgery is not recommended to wear gravity;
2. dressing after surgery not removed during the first day;
3. on the second day to hold a dressing, bandage pre-soak in an antiseptic solution. Before applying new bandages the penis to treat with antiseptic and antibacterial ointment grease ( "levomikol", "erythromycin", "Tetracycline"). Conduct ligation followed for 3 - 4 days after surgery, the wound can then cover cloth without using ointments;
4. when the joints are completely go away, you can not apply a bandage;
5. sutures after surgery dissipate after three weeks, and at the same time, you can have sexual relations;
6. edema after surgery may persist for several days, as well as cyanosis of the skin.

From the skin of disposal and its amount of surgery is divided into several types:

1. Minimum circumcision, in which the foreskin will still cover the glans penis. Is assigned in case of scarring prepuce or at its long dimensions.
2. Partial circumcision - head remains open 1/3. Carried out for medical reasons.
3. Loosely circumcised - head open, there is a small fold of the foreskin, overhanging at rest over the area coronal sulcus.
4. Moderate circumcision - head of the penis open over the area coronal sulcus is a small amount of foreskin.
5. Tight circumcision - head open, the skin does not remain, in erection is strongly stretched. With this cutoff member becomes visually less. Rarely performed and the patient's insistence.

A source: http://ladyvenus.ru/articles/zdorove-i-dolgoletie/fizicheskoe-zdorove/obrezanie-u-muzhchin-pokazaniya-protivopokazaniya-