How to stop vomiting in a child: detailed instructions

Vomiting in children is common and in most cases harmless. This is a kind of defense mechanism that allows the body to get rid of food elements that the stomach could not digest, as well as accumulated toxins. But there are dangerous situations when vomiting provokes dehydration and leads to a sharp deterioration in the baby's condition, which means that it requires urgent measures. That is why every parent should know how to stop vomiting in a child, and in what cases it is necessary.

Dangerous symptoms

Vomiting attacks can be caused by various reasons - from banal overeating to infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and emotional upheaval. If vomiting is single, and the child feels relief after it, there is no reason for concern - the body will cope with the problem on its own.

Anxiety should be caused by recurrent attacks, which are accompanied by the following symptoms:

• temperature increase;
• stomach ache;
• diarrhea or constipation;
  

  Vomiting may be accompanied by stool disturbance

• violation of motor functions;
• general weakness;
• dry mucous membranes;
• swelling of the joints;
• lack of urination for 6 or more hours;
  

  If a child does not urinate for more than 6 hours, this should alert

• blood, bile and purulent impurities in the vomit;
• pallor of the skin and palpitations.

Even having 1-2 of these manifestations with repeated vomiting is a serious cause for concern. In infants, regurgitation alone serves as a dangerous symptom, if it is repeated often and more than a tablespoon at a time.

First aid

It is not always possible to quickly get help from a specialist, so it is important not to get confused and act independently. First of all, you need to create comfortable conditions for the child: put to bed, dim the light in the room, put a basin next to it so that you do not have to run to the bathroom with every urge. The baby should lie on its side so that vomit does not accidentally enter the respiratory tract.

The baby is best held in the arms in an upright position.

There should also be clean water in the room for rinsing the mouth and washing: vomit contains acid, which irritates the mucous membranes and increases discomfort.

If there are blood impurities, before the doctor arrives, you can put a dry compress with ice on your stomach, which will help narrow blood vessels and stop internal bleeding.

Nothing more can be done until the child has been examined by a doctor, so as not to interfere with determining the exact cause of vomiting. If the vomit does not contain blood, it is necessary to take measures to restore the loss of fluid in the body and try to stop the attacks.

Dehydration is very dangerous, especially for a child's body. Therefore, immediately after you provide the baby with comfortable conditions, you need to start unsoldering it. This must be done correctly, otherwise drinking will cause new bouts of vomiting, and the condition will worsen even more. For desoldering, plain boiled water, mineral water without gas (alkaline), unsweetened compote or tea, but the best option is rehydration solutions - pharmacy or homemade conditions.

The liquid is given in small quantities (several sips), but often every 10-15 minutes. It is recommended that infants be given 2 teaspoons of water at intervals of 7-10 minutes. As for the preparation of the solution, there is nothing complicated here. The easiest option is to dissolve a teaspoon of salt and sugar in a glass of boiled water. You can do it differently: take 500 ml of boiled water, add 2 tablespoons of sugar and salt, add a quarter teaspoon of baking soda.

Advice. It is desirable that the temperature of the liquid corresponds to the body temperature - this contributes to the process of absorption of nutrients in the stomach.

Means for stopping vomiting

You can stop vomiting with the help of medicines and folk remedies, but only proven and safe. With severe symptoms, such as high fever, cramps, acute pains, impurities of pus, bile or blood in the vomit, nothing should be given to the child before being examined by a specialist. All drugs in such situations are prescribed by a doctor who selects a medicine depending on the cause of vomiting and taking into account the age and condition of the patient.

Medications

Pharmacy products effectively eliminate nausea and stop vomiting, but they should be used carefully, accurately observing the indicated dosage. Be sure to make sure that the medicine is suitable for the age category, especially if the child is not yet a year old.

Drug name	Characteristic	Application and dosage
"Regidron"	Means for the normalization of water-salt and acid-base metabolism in the body. It is produced in the form of a powder, it is applied in the form of a solution. Can be given to children from birth. Subject to the dosage, side effects are not observed, a contraindication is an excess of potassium in the body, diabetes mellitus, renal failure.	The contents of one package are dissolved in a liter of hot boiled water, cooled to room temperature. For children under one year old, the solution is given 5-10 ml every 10-15 minutes for several hours. For children from one year old, the solution is given at the rate of 30 mg / kg with an interval of 15 minutes.
"Cerucal"	An effective antiemetic drug that reduces the sensitivity of the visceral nerves and stimulates intestinal motility. Available in the form of tablets and solution for injection. It can be given to children from the age of two, but only as directed by a doctor, since the medicine has side effects and a number of contraindications.	The dosage for injections for children from 2 to 14 years old is 0.1 mg / kg once, the daily dosage should not exceed 10 mg with a body weight of up to 20 kg, 15 mg - from 20 to 30 kg, 25 mg - with a weight of more than 30 kg. Tablets are prescribed for children over the age of 14, 0.5-1 tablet 2-3 times a day.
Domperidone	The drug is aimed at eliminating nausea, vomiting, and normalizing intestinal motility. Available in the form of tablets, granules, solution and suspension, suppositories of 10, 30 and 60 mg. Has side effects, contraindications include intestinal obstruction, age up to 6 months, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.	The solution is given at the rate of 1 drop per 1 kg of body weight 4 times a day, the suspension is 2.5 ml / 10 kg 3 times a day. Suppositories - 10 mg 2-4 pieces per day for babies up to 2 years old, 30 mg each 2-4 pieces. children from 2 years old and 60 mg 4 times a day for adolescents.
"Motilium"	Effectively eliminates vomiting, nausea, stimulates peristalsis, promotes gastric emptying. Available in the form of conventional and quick-dissolving tablets, suspensions. Side effects are manifested by allergic reactions and mild neurological disorders. Contraindications include: intestinal obstruction, gastric and intestinal bleeding, hypersensitivity to the drug. It is prescribed for children from two years old.	The suspension is given at the rate of 5 ml / 10 kg of body weight 3-4 times a day. Tablets: from 5 to 12 years old, 10 mg 3-4 times a day, from 12 years old - 20 mg 3-4 times.
"Metoclopramide"	It has antiemetic properties, enhances intestinal motility, does not affect gastric secretion. Available in tablets and in the form of a solution for injection in ampoules. It is prescribed for children from 2 years of age, side effects are rare, have a mild character. Contraindications: gastric and intestinal bleeding, hypersensitivity, intestinal obstruction, cancer.	Children from 6 years old - half a tablet 3 times a day, from 2 to 6 years old - 0.5 mg / kg 2-3 times a day.

Important! If vomiting is caused by poisoning, the child should be given something from enterosorbents, for example, drugs such as Smecta, Enterosgel, White Coal. They bind well and remove toxins from the body without disrupting the natural microflora in the intestines, and the patient's condition is rapidly improving.

Folk remedies

Not all traditional medicine recipes are effective and completely safe, especially when the cause of vomiting is not clearly established. But still, there are several effective remedies that can be used without fear when vomiting in a child.

1. Mint and lemon balm infusions. Plant leaves can be used individually or mixed in equal proportions. The leaves are washed, poured with boiling water, wrapped for half an hour. After that, the liquid is filtered and drunk in small sips every 2-3 hours. For 500 ml of water, you need 2 tablespoons of fresh leaves or 1 tablespoon of dried leaves.
   

   Mint infusion

2. Infusion of ginger. Pour a teaspoon of ginger powder with two glasses of boiling water and wrap for 20 minutes. Next, filter the infusion and give the child a few sips every 30-40 minutes. Instead of powder, you can use a piece of fresh root.
   

   Infusion of ginger

3. Dill water. Dry dill seeds are poured with boiling water and boiled for a couple of minutes. Then remove from heat, insist for about half an hour, filter. Babies are given a teaspoon each, children from one year old take a few sips. To prepare the broth, take a teaspoon of seeds in a glass of water.
   

   Dill water

If after such a drink vomiting does not stop, you should wait for the doctor, and do not give anything to the child before his arrival. In no case should the concentration of the infusions be increased or mixed with each other.

Important recommendations

When vomiting, sugary and carbonated drinks should not be given - they only worsen the situation. If the baby is very capricious and categorically refuses water or broth, take his favorite drink, juice, and dilute with boiled water so that the drink is as clear as possible. This will preserve the familiar taste while minimizing the negative effects of sugar on the stomach.

You should not force the baby to drink through force, it is enough if he swallows at least a teaspoon of liquid. As for food, until vomiting completely stops, you should not give anything from food. Doctors recommend starting feeding no earlier than 12 hours after the last attack.

Food should be as light as possible: unsaturated chicken broth, rice or buckwheat soup, dried fruit jelly, natural low-fat yoghurts.

In the early days, it is necessary to exclude fresh vegetables and fruits, fried foods, and fatty meat from the children's diet. When your child is feeling better, be sure to visit a doctor for an examination.

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