Nutrition for stomach pain: how to properly formulate a therapeutic diet

Every 3 people are susceptible to various diseases of the stomach today. Food on the go, dry food, fast food snacks contribute to the development of gastritis, ulcers and other pathologies. And if before the onset of the acute period of the disease no one thinks about their diet, then with the manifestation of painful sensations, you have to start treatment and follow certain rules of food behavior.

Food rules

Almost always, stomach pains are caused by inflammation or damage to the lining of the stomach. Sometimes unpleasant sensations arise due to banal food poisoning or intoxication of the body with alcohol, drugs.

If additional symptoms such as vomiting or diarrhea appear, therefore, a digestive upset has occurred, the body tries to remove all excess in one way or another.

Attention! In case of poisoning, fasting is indicated for a day. It is necessary that the stomach and intestines are completely cleansed and at the same time not burdened with the digestion and promotion of new food.

After medical fasting, it is allowed to eat the first day of boiled potatoes or rice (without milk, butter and spices), oatmeal in water, breadcrumbs or dried yesterday's bread, you can drink strong sweet tea and infusion of leaves raspberries. All these products have a fixing or enveloping effect.

In the case of an acute stomach disease or chronic course of the pathology, it is necessary to adhere to special principles of nutrition.

1. There should be several meals a day (5-6), and the intervals between them are approximately the same. This is necessary so that the stomach and intestines have time to digest a small portion, and nutrients are absorbed into the walls of the mucous membrane. At the same time, there is no stagnation of food, as with overeating or corroding the stomach with acid, as with prolonged fasting.
2. It is necessary that the temperature of the food is equal to the body temperature, that is, you cannot eat too hot or cold. A hot one will irritate the mucous membrane, and on a cold stomach you will have to spend much more time digesting.
3. It is advisable not to drink food with water or other drinks. You can drink about half an hour after eating.
4. The food should be chewed well, slowly. During an exacerbation of the disease, it is better to eat mashed or pureed food.
5. Food should be cooked exclusively on steam or grilled without oil, baked, boiled and stewed. Fried foods are prohibited.
6. Products that can irritate the walls of the stomach in any way are excluded: spices, spices, pickles, hot seasonings, foods with coarse, indigestible fibers, fermented foods.
7. Portions should be small, ideally if a person eats a portion of food at a time that would fit in two of his folded palms.
   

   Servings of meat and fish

   

   Acceptable amount of vegetables

   

   Red fish and salad

   

   Acceptable amount of berries

   

   Butter, chocolate, nuts

   

   Pasta and rice

Foods and meals that are allowed and prohibited

Despite the fact that the food will be dietary, it must meet the daily calorie requirements, as well as contain a balanced amount of micronutrients. It is necessary that fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins are present.

Permitted and recommended foods for stomach diseases

Name	Benefit
Soups and vegetable purees	Light and gentle meals. Vegetable broth soups improve digestion, mashed potatoes, especially from potatoes, satisfies hunger well, strengthens.
Dairy products	Kefir, cottage cheese, low-fat sour cream contribute to the normalization of the digestive tract, they are especially good for the stomach with gastritis. The bacteria contained in these products help to establish microflora in the intestines.
Rusks or yesterday's bread	They satisfy hunger well, provide energy, are easy to digest, especially dietary rye bread crumbs.
Porridge: rice, oatmeal, wheat	It is advisable to boil porridge in the period of exacerbation of the disease in water, in the future it can be half-and-half with milk. When boiled, cereals form a special gluten, which, getting into the stomach and intestines, envelops and soothes the mucous membrane.
Steam cutlets	It is recommended to cook from lean dietary meat: beef, chicken, turkey. Due to the fact that the meat is crushed and cooked in this way, it is easier to digest, retains all its useful composition.
Marshmallow	Of the sweets allowed for stomach diseases, natural marshmallows can be distinguished, which contains pectin and niacin in its composition, they have a local anti-inflammatory action. In addition, pectin is able to remove waste and toxins from the body.
Kissel	The drink has an enveloping and soothing effect and is indicated for inflammation and stomach ulcers.
Banana	This fruit is great for satisfying hunger, replenishing energy. In addition, it has the following properties: · Promotes the destruction of bacteria; · Accelerates the healing of wounds and ulcers; · Neutralizes excess acid.
Apples	Fruits for stomach diseases are best eaten baked or boiled, since fresh fruits can cause fermentation, bloating. Baked apples promote tissue healing, reduce inflammation, and are easy to digest. During heat treatment, they do not lose their beneficial properties, but some of the complex polysaccharides break down into simple fragments that are easier to digest.
Eggs	Chicken and quail eggs are excellent food for maintaining vitality. You can eat no more than 2 chicken or 4 quail per day, since they are still rich in fats. It is better to cook them soft-boiled.
Fig	A product that may not always be found. However, a ripe and juicy fruit contains a lot of useful microelements, and most importantly contains a large amount of mucus that envelops the stomach. Eating figs in moderation will be of immense benefit.

Any drug therapy aimed at maintaining the stomach and relieving symptoms will be useless if prohibited foods are consumed periodically. After all, it is they who are able to nullify the entire therapeutic effect, provoking a relapse.

Prohibited foods

1. Spices. Most condiments increase the acidity of the stomach and increase inflammation. The exception is cinnamon. Tea with the addition of it has a directly opposite effect, it soothes the stomach.
   

   Cinnamon tea

2. Tomatoes, oranges, lemons, pickles, concentrated juices contain a large amount of acids that provoke and exacerbate stomach pain.
   

   Citruses are best set aside if you have a stomach ache.

3. In-store pastries, fresh baked goods, bread promote gas formation and fermentation.
   

   Baking and bread can cause flatulence.

4. Fatty lamb and pork, as well as broths based on them are hard to digest food.
   

   It is better not to eat fatty meat if your stomach hurts.

5. Legumes, cabbage, radish, radish, spinach and sorrel lead to gas formation.
   

   Cabbage promotes gas

6. Sour vegetables and fruits provoke the secretion of gastric juice.
   

   Avoid eating sour fruits, berries, vegetables until you recover

Diets vary depending on the type of disease. For example, with high acidity of the stomach allowed for use:

• boiled liver;
• lean fish;
• sweet fruits, previously peeled;
• some butter;
• porridge with milk;
• fermented milk products of low fat content.

With low acidity allowed:

• vegetable, fruit, berry juices;
• pureed fresh or baked vegetables;
• Lean meat or fish, grilled or stewed without oil;
• broth soups (second broth);
• some chocolate.

Diets according to Pevzner

Back in the middle of the last century, the Soviet scientist M. AND. Pevzner developed the concept of nutrition for the treatment of various diseases. In fact, he is the founder of dietetics as a science. His research led to the creation of 15 types of treatment tables, which are successfully used to this day.

For example, the following types of diets are used for stomach diseases.

Diet number 1 it is recommended for people at the stage of recovery after gastritis, when the disease subsides or a slight exacerbation of gastritis or ulcers.

The menu includes:

• dried bread;
• vegetable soups, without frying;
• lean meat, fish;
• milk;
• eggs;
• cereals and pasta;
• potatoes, pumpkin, cauliflower;
• sweet fruits, juices.

Caloric content per day should be approximately 2200-2500 kcal.

Diet number 1a recommended for exacerbation of conditions, acute gastritis, ulcers, burns of the esophagus.

With such a diet, it is meant to reduce the daily calorie content of food to 1800 kcal. And also any types of meat are excluded and salt is limited.

Of the permitted products for the period of exacerbation, one can single out:

• eggs;
• milk;
• jelly;
• boiled vegetables;
• oatmeal porridge;
• soufflé from cottage cheese.

Diet number 1b recommended for chronic gastritis at the stage of remission, as well as for ulcers, it is used after diet 1a.

The daily calorie content, in contrast to diet 1a, is 2400 kcal. With this type of diet, even low-fat cheeses, cauliflower, and salt are excluded.

Diet number 2 recommended for chronic gastritis, acute colitis, enteritis after exacerbation. An important factor is the absence of diseases of the kidneys, liver, pancreas. The main goal of the diet is to stimulate secretion secretion.

Food does not have to be finely chopped, almost all cooking methods are acceptable. You can even lightly fry food in oil. The daily calorie content is 3000 kcal.

The list of additionally permitted products includes:

• boiled vegetables;
• rich meat broths;
• fresh fruits and berries without peel;
• greens;
• jam, honey, marmalade;
• green pea;
• cabbage.

Sample menu for a week

Monday

Breakfast: poached eggs or steamed omelet, a slice of dried bread, strong sweet tea.

Dinner: mashed pumpkin soup, baked apple.

Afternoon snack: kefir, biscuit biscuits.

Dinner: liquid mashed potatoes, a slice of steamed fish, croutons, dried fruit compote.

Snacks: banana, lean biscuits, low fat yogurt.

Tuesday

Breakfast: oatmeal porridge, tea.

Dinner: chicken soup in the second broth, steamed vegetables.

Afternoon snack: low-fat yogurt, lean cookies.

Dinner: steamed beef patties, zucchini puree, banana mousse, compote.

Snacks: baked apple, croutons.

Wednesday

Breakfast: curd mousse, sweet tea, biscuit biscuits.

Dinner: pumpkin puree, chicken meatballs, compote.

Afternoon snack: jelly, crackers.

Dinner: boiled buckwheat porridge, steamed fish cakes, compote.

Snacks: baked pear, yogurt.

Thursday

Breakfast: soft-boiled egg, soufflé or pâté from chicken or liver, dried bread, sweet tea.

Dinner: vegetable soup without frying, potato dumplings, compote.

Afternoon snack: rice porridge, jelly.

Dinner: liquid mashed potatoes, beef meatballs, apple mousse.

Snacks: oatmeal, banana, croutons.

Friday

Breakfast: semolina porridge, soft-boiled egg, yesterday's bread, sweet tea.

Dinner: boiled rice, lean fish baked in foil, compote.

Afternoon snack: biscuit biscuits, kefir.

Dinner: pureed pumpkin and zucchini soup, croutons, a slice of boiled chicken breast, rosehip broth.

Snacks: milk jelly, marshmallows, croutons.

Saturday

Breakfast: 2 slices of low-fat cheese, dried bread, tea.

Dinner: boiled noodles, steam cutlets, some boiled vegetables.

Afternoon snack: pumpkin porridge, crackers, jelly.

Dinner: chicken soup in the second broth, croutons.

Snacks: curd soufflé, banana, low-fat yogurt.

Sunday

Breakfast: oatmeal, steam omelet, tea.

Dinner: baked fish, steamed vegetables, dried bread, compote.

Afternoon snack: curd casserole, rosehip broth.

Dinner: chicken meatballs, boiled buckwheat.

Snacks: jelly, biscuit biscuits, carrot pudding.

If you follow the rules of the diet, you can avoid bouts of pain and maintain a stable condition of the stomach, and drug therapy will speed up recovery in acute conditions.

Video - Nutrition for gastritis