How to treat hemorrhoids during pregnancy: treatment of hemorrhoids in pregnant women

Every second woman, when carrying a child, is faced with this delicate problem.

Hemorrhoids during pregnancy are detected in the I trimester in 33% of women, in the II - in 35%, in the III - in 42%. After childbirth, the disease manifests itself in almost 50% of cases.

During the first pregnancy, the development of hemorrhoids is noted more often. The disease occurs due to stagnation of the blood of the venous intestinal plexus due to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure and the pressure of the growing uterus.

Causes of the problem

Pregnancy is not the cause of the pathology. Changes in the body during this period can provoke hemorrhoids.

The reasons are the following:

• the growing uterus presses on the vessels, stretches them;
• an inactive lifestyle in the third trimester worsens the outflow of venous blood, which leads to their inflammation and the formation of hemorrhoids;
• eating salty, smoked and spicy foods on the intestinal membrane is irritating, which provokes the appearance of nodes;
• pressure on the intestines provokes constipation;
• excess weight;
• regular use of contraceptives before pregnancy;
• the cause of chronic constipation can be changes in the work of peristalsis, which is associated with hormonal changes in the woman's body.

The risk of hemorrhoids during pregnancy in the third trimester and after childbirth increases significantly.

By the time of delivery, the uterus is significantly enlarged and occupies more than half of the abdominal cavity. The rectum and intestines are compressed, change their location.

Due to the clamping of blood vessels, blood stagnation occurs. The susceptibility of the intestinal musculature to nerve impulses is markedly reduced.

This is a natural necessity, since the work of the intestines and uterus is regulated by the common nerve plexus.

Any activity in the intestines can stimulate uterine contraction. This defensive reaction is necessary to maintain the pregnancy.

But there is also a negative aspect to this. Bowel movement is difficult and constipated. The doctor will tell you what to do in such cases.

Hemorrhoids during pregnancy: symptoms

In each case, the symptoms manifest themselves individually and differ in the degree of manifestation.

Only a doctor can diagnose and choose the course of treatment that will help get rid of the problem and not harm the child.

You should pay attention to the following signs of hemorrhoids during pregnancy:

1. Light pain, more often unpleasant sensations in the anus. Symptoms can be temporary, creating temporary discomfort. Often - this is a feeling of incomplete release after a bowel movement, itching and burning are possible.
2. Immediate consultation with a doctor is necessary if blood is seen on the stool or tissue. Iron deficiency is often diagnosed in the blood of pregnant women. Additional blood loss from hemorrhoids can lead to anemia.
3. With prolonged immobility, swelling of the mucous membrane around the anus may appear. This indicates an acute form of the disease and is accompanied by pain.
4. The symptom of external hemorrhoids is prolapse of hemorrhoids. At first, the loss occurs spontaneously after a bowel movement. When the muscles of the anus contract, the nodes are pulled in. With a protracted development of the disease, they can be adjusted only with the hands.
5. Chronic constipation can be considered a symptom of hemorrhoids. Over time, hemorrhoids grow and prevent bowel movement.

If you have obvious symptoms of hemorrhoids during pregnancy, it is best to see a specialist.

Diagnosis of the disease during pregnancy

To confirm and diagnose hemorrhoids, it is necessary to consult a specialist - a proctologist.

Diagnostics consists of examination, instrumental and laboratory research.

Inspection

During a visual examination, the doctor may see an inflamed mucous membrane of the anus, sagging hemorrhoids in the anal area.

The mucous membrane of the anus in inflammatory processes has a red tint, a pronounced venous pattern from dilated small capillaries.

The presence of nodules is a differentiating feature that helps distinguish rectal cancer or anal fissures from hemorrhoids.

A digital examination helps to clarify the diagnosis. This diagnostic method helps to determine the presence or absence of internal nodes, their location, size and number, which confirms or refutes the presence of anal fissures.

Instrumental research

Optical study of the rectum using a special apparatus - sigmoidoscope.

During pregnancy, sigmoidoscopy is very rare. Only in exceptional cases.

Laboratory research

The following tests are prescribed for a pregnant woman during laboratory diagnostics:

• coprogram (qualitative study of feces);
• a blood test (confirms or refutes the presence of anemia due to hemorrhoidal bleeding);
• analysis of feces for latent blood content.

Hemorrhoid treatment during pregnancy

If hemorrhoids are diagnosed during pregnancy, treatment at home is dangerous to carry out, a doctor's consultation is necessary. Pregnant women with hemorrhoids can be divided into three groups.

Pregnant women with hemorrhoids without symptoms are referred to the first group. The doctor will tell you how to treat the disease.

Only preventive measures are carried out here:

• physiotherapy;
• physical activity;
• diet;
• laxatives and herbs;
• obligatory washing of the anus after a bowel movement.

Patients with stages I-II of the development of the disease belong to the second group. Women complain of itching, pain during bowel movements, constipation, bleeding.

Recommended for treatment:

• warm bath with a weak solution of potassium permanganate;
• hemorrhoid ointment during pregnancy;
• candles;
• herbs;
• medicines for internal use.

Rectal suppositories with novocaine or anesthesin are recommended for use after a bowel movement. For spasms of the anus muscles, suppositories with sea buckthorn oil or an oil solution of vitamin A are prescribed.

In acute hemorrhoids complicated by anal fissures, conservative treatment is carried out. The patient needs rest, a diet is required, if necessary, cleansing enemas.

To remove pain, novocaine blockade is performed in the anus, suppositories and compresses with heparin are used, etc.

In the case of loss of internal nodes after defecation without acute inflammation, they are limited to repositioning the nodes in a warm sitting bath.

The third group includes pregnant women with frequent exacerbations and prolapse of hemorrhoids.

In this case, hospitalization and surgical intervention are recommended. Treatment methods are selected individually.

This can be either a traditional type of surgery (hemorrhoidectomy) or bloodless techniques.

These procedures include:

• sclerotherapy (injection of a drug that "glues" the walls);
• ligation (a latex ring pinches the knot, after 8-9 days the tissues die off and fall off);
• laser and infrared coagulation (exposure to temperature or laser at the base of the node).

If the condition of the pregnant woman allows, all interventions are postponed to the postpartum period.

Medical treatment of acute and chronic hemorrhoids

In the treatment of hemorrhoids, two types of drug therapy are used: local and systemic. Local therapy is preferred during pregnancy.

Local treatment. With local application of medications, the therapeutic effect is enhanced, the risk of developing side symptoms is reduced, and the effect of therapy on the child is minimized.

The drugs quickly relieve pain and swelling, have a relaxing effect on muscles, and remove spasms.

Anti-inflammatory therapy uses fast-acting glucocorticoids, for example, Prednisolone.

The drugs reduce allergic manifestations, burning sensation. Products containing heparin prevent the formation of blood clots and promote tissue regeneration.

For quick healing, sedation, means with sea buckthorn oil, vitamin "A", and shark liver extract are used.

In the means of local therapy, the main medicinal substances are combined, which significantly increases the therapeutic effect.

So the composition of Hepatrombin G includes heparin, prednisolone and anesthetic. The action of such a drug is associated with anesthetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, sedative, antispasmodic effect.

Ginkor Prokto is a combined remedy. The substances included in its composition strengthen and tone the walls of the veins, and relieve pain.

During gestation, suppositories with belladonna extract are contraindicated, as they can cause a threat of miscarriage.

Systemic treatment. Medicines are prescribed by your doctor for oral administration in the form of capsules or tablets. Preparations for strengthening the walls of veins are widely popular. They are called venotonics. Detralex stands out in terms of efficiency.

Troxevasin, a drug of another pharmaceutical group, reduces capillary fragility, has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.

A group of laxatives is especially distinguished to reduce the attempts to defecate. Preparations Duphalac, Regulax gently soften the stool.

The use of medicines senna, buckthorn, bisacodyl is contraindicated. They have an excessive stimulating effect on peristalsis. During pregnancy, this can lead to an increase in the tone of the uterus.

Hemorrhoids during pregnancy: home treatment

For hundreds of years, folk recipes have been helping to effectively get rid of hemorrhoids for pregnant women.

1. At an early stage, unpleasant symptoms are easily removed by ordinary potatoes. Candles made from it do not cause an allergic reaction, they are used before bedtime.
2. Freshly squeezed rowan juice is taken as a fortifying and effective remedy for hemorrhoids during pregnancy.
3. Herbal teas - great for baths. A decoction of a mixture of medicinal herbs of oak bark, flax seed and chamomile is used every day, for ten minutes per procedure.
4. An effective ointment is made from sunflower oil and garlic. An unpeeled head of garlic is calcined and crushed. Used with oil residues.
5. Cold lotions help to reduce the size of knots and relieve discomfort. A napkin dipped in cool water is applied for a few minutes two to three times a day.
6. For washing after visiting the toilet, use an infusion of chamomile, calendula flowers, St. John's wort, clover and viburnum. The infusions are brewed separately. Used for both prophylaxis and treatment.
7. A decoction of chamomile, nettle and plantain leaves is used in sitz baths.

Hot baths and compresses for hemorrhoids at any stage are contraindicated. Herbal treatment is contraindicated in the presence of allergies. The use of folk recipes does not replace, but complements traditional treatment.

Prevention of the disease during pregnancy

Additional methods of dealing with the disease are not aimed at eliminating symptoms, but at eliminating the causes.

First of all, it is very important to improve the work of the intestines and get rid of constipation. Several recommendations will help you build an optimal diet:

1. A varied diet rich in fresh vegetables and fruits.
2. Eliminate spicy, spicy, salty foods from the diet. They cause blood flow to the small pelvis, provoking inflammation.
3. Refuse to eat fast food, carbonated drinks, canned food.
4. It is better to refrain from eating fatty foods. Fatty foods travel more slowly through the intestines, which can cause constipation. Exclude fatty meat, sweet pastries from the diet.
5. Limit the consumption of mustard, onion, legumes, unripe fruits, which cause increased fermentation and gas formation in the intestines.
6. Fresh vegetables will help diversify your diet: corn, broccoli, beets, cauliflower, carrots, potatoes. Vegetables improve digestion and have a strengthening effect on the walls of blood vessels.
7. Oatmeal or barley porridge prevents the development of constipation.

A healthy diet should contain a lot of fiber to unload the intestines. Low-calorie fermented milk products are very useful.

A balanced daily diet should be divided into 5 - 6 meals. Eating small portions will keep your digestive system from overwhelming.

During the day, you need to drink at least 1.5-2 liters of liquid. Hygiene procedures after each bowel movement should be made mandatory.

Better to wash off with cool water. Sometimes you can arrange a water massage of the anal area using a shower. This procedure has a very good preventive effect.

Protect the lower body from hypothermia. Don't go for very long walks. Avoid straining during bowel movements.

Long-term work in a sitting or standing position should be interrupted often enough. Change body position more often, perform simple warm-up exercises.

Find time to relax several times a day while lying on your back with a raised pelvis on a small pillow.

A set of physical exercises for hemorrhoids for pregnant women

Motor activity improves the functionality of the large intestine, tones the muscles of the anus and abdominal wall, and reduces congestion in the veins of the pelvic floor.

Exercise helps to reduce the pressure of the uterus on the internal organs.

1. Walking in place with bent knees raised high.
2. Swing alternately with each leg forward, backward, to the side.
3. Tilts of the body to the sides.
4. Tension of the buttocks with the retraction of the anus muscles. Tension alternates with relaxation. Each position is held for 10 seconds.
5. Half-squats with roll-to-toe. Knees are wide apart.
6. Turns the body with the maximum retraction of the hand back. Alternately to the right and left.
7. Turning the body to the sides with arms raised in front of you. Fingers are locked.
8. Sitting, put your hands on the floor behind. Slowly bend your knees and return to the starting position. When performing the exercise, do not lift the heels off the floor.
9. Sitting with legs apart, do not bend your knees. We tilt the body forward, stretching our arms. Straighten up and relax.
10. Starting position as in the exercise described above. Tilts are performed to the sides. The opposite hand is fixed to the belt.
11. Lying on your stomach, stretch your arms along the body. We pull the bent legs to the stomach and return to the starting position.
12. We lie on our side, put our bent arm under our head. Bend your knee and pull it to your stomach. Straighten. Repeat the cycle while lying on the other side.

Lying exercises are recommended for the first and second trimester. Repeat each movement 5 to 7 times.

You can not self-medicate during pregnancy, how to treat - only a doctor can decide.

The drugs can negatively affect the fetus, provoke a miscarriage or premature birth.

A pregnant woman should treat the treatment of any disease with special attention and caution.

What is useful at normal times during pregnancy can negatively affect the course of pregnancy and the development of the child.

Only a doctor can prescribe any medication, based on the exact diagnosis and condition of the woman.

The choice of a course of treatment for hemorrhoids during pregnancy should be individual and carried out under the supervision of a specialist - a proctologist.

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