Dysbacteriosis of the oral cavity: symptoms and treatment

Human mucous membranes contain microflora on the surface. This is caused by a number of favorable factors: temperature suitable for breeding, humidity, moderate oxygen supply. Looking at the oral cavity, the majority of the mouth population is commensal. Such microorganisms do no harm, but there is no benefit either. Dysbacteriosis of the oral cavity is observed when the invasion manages to disrupt the internal balance.

The populated environment does not allow the penetration of pathogenic bacteria that cause a number of diseases. Commensals, receiving food from the human body, indirectly perform a useful role: they prevent invaders from entering the occupied territory. Violation of immunity, taking antibiotics or alcohol significantly alters the balance. There are many reasons for dysbiosis in the mouth.

Who lives in the mouth

The mucous membrane is inhabited mainly by bacteria. Fungi, viruses and protozoa are found much less. Let us recall the designation of biological terms:

1. Bacteria are cell formations capable of full-fledged life.
2. Viruses are protein elements capable of multiplying and parasitizing inside cells.
   

   Oral mucosa

3. Mushrooms - allocated in a separate kingdom, classified by the presence of signs inherent in plants and animals. They differ in the inability to synthesize organic substances. Unhindered reproduction of fungi leads to damage to the attacked living tissues of the mucous membrane.
4. The simplest are elementary organisms that include hundreds of subspecies. This includes the causative agent of amebiasis, which manifests itself in intestinal dysbiosis.

The listed organisms live peacefully inside the oral cavity until a key event occurs.

What upsets the balance of the flora of the oral cavity

Alcohol, cigarettes, antibiotics become the reason for the suppression of the vital activity of microorganisms and cells. The principles of using the listed substances in medicine and other spheres of life are based on this action. For example, alcohol has a pronounced disinfecting effect, and the ancient Finns considered a smoky sauna a favorable place for nursing patients.

A person constantly exposed to disinfectants must be prepared for specific consequences. The effect of the sauna is for the most part favorable, there is no analogy with alcohol or an excess of drugs. After suppression of the commensal strain, an arbitrary population takes its place. In the case of the development of a pathogenic culture, a number of diseases arise, a harbinger or consequence of diseases - oral dysbiosis. When the intestines are neglected, strains begin to appear in the wrong places.

What is dysbiosis

Dysbacteriosis of the oral cavity is a state of imbalance. The types of bacteria are special in any person. It is impossible to generalize on the basis of the indicated nationality or the population of a certain area. The set is strictly individual. For this reason, it is extremely difficult to treat an altered state of the mucous membrane.

In half of the people on the planet, in a normal state, fungi of the genus Candida are found in the oral cavity. Mushrooms get here:

• During childbirth.
• When eating certain foods (for example, dairy).
• When breastfeeding a baby.

In many cases, Candida is destroyed by the immune system or displaced by the inhabitants of the nasopharynx. Dysbacteriosis of the oral cavity leads to an immoderate population growth, causing regular symptoms of white plaque on the tongue and inner surfaces of the cheeks. With such an extreme manifestation, the condition in question turns into a disease.

Symptoms and stages

Dysbacteriosis of the oral cavity sequentially goes through three stages in the absence of proper care:

1. Compensated. Symptoms are easily suppressed by simple means or are absent.
2. Subcompensated, intermediate stage on the way to an uncontrolled course of the disease.
3. The decompensated form requires indispensable treatment.

Compensated

At this stage, specific manifestations are often absent. Laboratory tests (smear) for the presence of bacterial strains will help to identify the disease.

Subcompensated

Harbingers of serious consequences are manifestations: irritation, redness, swelling, dryness, burning sensation, bad breath, metallic taste. The problem of making the correct diagnosis is in the nonspecificity of symptoms. A similar kind of trouble is accompanied by diseases of the liver, kidneys, an unpleasant odor is often caused by ozena. The study of microflora helps to establish the cause.

Decompensated

It is accompanied by severe inflammation, swelling, bleeding gums, herpes, specific formations in the oral cavity. With candidiasis, the tongue becomes overgrown with a white coating, stomatitis, gingivitis develops. An experienced therapist or dentist will determine the cause based on the available signs. It is believed that caries is a consequence of the neglect of pathology. Do not postpone the treatment of oral dysbiosis for a long time.

Control and prevention measures

Problems of the oral cavity are solved with difficulty, often caused by an incorrect lifestyle, which is difficult to refuse.

Vitamins and minerals

Vitamin C and others are responsible for gum health. Scientists have shown that humans need flavonoids. Discovered in the 1930s, vitamins sparked renewed interest. Many flavonoids are found in black currants, citrus peels (for example, lemons). The combined intake of the two mentioned vitamins relieves the symptoms of bleeding, swelling.

It was established that onions were given to the builders of the pyramids. The moderate iodine content in onion scales raised the tone of the immune system. Iodine is absolutely essential for awakening the body's defenses. If you eat 30 g of fresh onions daily, you will be able to prevent the multiplication of a large number of harmful strains. The content of complex saccharides in the juicy pulp of a vegetable contributes to the development of normal intestinal microflora, eliminating the very cause of troubles in the oral cavity. Garlic and black pepper are helpful in moderation.

The significance and doses of other trace elements are not so widely known. It is easier to choose a balanced diet from your favorite foods, which contain the required elements of a healthy metabolism.

Outpatient methods

Certain recommendations are given by therapists, gastroenterologists, dentists, infectious disease specialists. The outcome is decided by the result of the analysis, which reveals the abundance of disease-causing strains. Treatment consists of a set of measures (in addition to taking vitamins):

1. Local antiseptics, antifungal drugs.
2. Strains of beneficial microorganisms (eubiotics and probiotics).
3. Drugs that increase the level of functioning of the immune system.

Not all of these measures are effective. Studies have shown the lack of benefits of certain probiotics for the state of the intestinal microflora. However, athletes claim that taking bifidobacteria can alleviate respiratory and throat problems.

Attention! Medicines are used as directed by a doctor.

What to do?

Toothpastes, rinses and other measures do not save you from dysbiosis of the oral mucosa. Otherwise, the disease would have been eliminated long ago. An effective remedy is the intake of vitamin complexes and agents that restore the intestinal microflora (a method to eliminate the main cause of problems with the oral cavity). It is important to eat a balanced diet.

In the 60s of the 20th century, it was proved that general physical culture has a beneficial effect on the systems of the human body. Dr. Kenneth Cooper has shown the need to walk 10 kilometers every day. Fulfillment of this rule daily ensures that you are in shape, from English to be in fit. Today the phenomenon is called fitness, and the United States, by developing sports clubs, made billions of dollars in the sale of fitness lessons.

It has been proven in the West that a free gym membership for workers is a guarantee of productivity gains. In the CIS countries, there is no such concern for workers, with a few exceptions. Perhaps the reason was voiced that Russian doctors consider dysbiosis to be a disease, with which Western colleagues do not agree.