Diet for intestinal dysbiosis in adults

Digestion and assimilation of food in the human body is a complex and multi-stage process that is carried out not only by the digestive organs. Some of them are inhabited by a mass of microorganisms that provide the synthesis of vitamins and help many substances to be absorbed into the tissues. If the microflora is disturbed, then dysbiosis occurs. And it is very important to eliminate it, to bring the ratio of microorganisms in order. Diet for intestinal dysbiosis in adults, along with special drugs, will restore the microflora.

What is dysbiosis

More than 500 species of various microorganisms live in the human large intestine, which help it to work properly. These are bifidobacteria, bacteroids, lactobacilli and others. Some species are more, others - less, and this whole collection of bacteria is called microflora. Their functions are not only the production of vitamins and help with the absorption of nutrients into the tissues, but also the elimination of toxins and toxins from the body. They also provide cholesterol, protein, fat and other metabolic processes. There are no such bacteria in the stomach.

If the ratio of the correct number of bacteria is violated, pathogenic microflora begins to actively develop. Streptococci, protea, aphilococci, fungi of the genus Candida and many other "parasites" also live inside the human intestinal tract. Such an imbalance can provoke the development of a number of pathologies and is called dysbiosis.

On a note! Dysbiosis can be encountered by people of different ages and different sexes. At an early stage, dysbiosis is practically not manifested.

Table. Stages of dysbiosis.

Stage	Symptoms
I	There is a slight imbalance in the microflora. It usually develops against the background of a change in the usual diet or taking medications such as antibiotics. The main symptom is a rumbling in the stomach. Microflora recovers on its own after eliminating the negative factor.
II	In this case, a person feels a metallic taste in his mouth, he has active gas formation, and his appetite worsens. Diarrhea or constipation may be present, and a rash appears on the skin.
III	There are severe abdominal pains due to inflammatory processes in the intestines. Stage two symptoms are present. Food is poorly digested, its remnants can be found in the feces. Here you can no longer do without the help of doctors.
IV	Pathogenic microflora actively multiplies and completely colonizes the intestines. Almost no nutrients that enter the body with food can not be assimilated. Anemia and vitamin deficiency develop. Symptoms are sleep problems, loss of energy. Infectious diseases and inflammatory processes in the intestines are actively developing.

Main reasons

Doctors find it difficult to name the specific reasons for the development of dysbiosis. But there are a number of factors that provoke the onset of this disease. These include:

• improper nutrition;
• a sharp change in diet or the introduction of unusual products into the menu;
• taking antibiotics, hormonal drugs;
• stress;
• pathology of the digestive system;
• allergic reactions;
• surgical intervention;
• intestinal infections and viral diseases;
• helminthic invasions.

In general, any disorders of the immune system can provoke the development of dysbiosis. Its weakening has an extremely negative effect on the balance of microflora throughout the body, and not only in the digestive tract.

Treatment

It is recommended to fight dysbiosis together with a specialist - in this case, the treatment will be as effective and correct as possible, and will not negatively affect the body. It is required to contact a gastroenterologist, but if you have infectious diseases, you will need to consult an infectious disease specialist. Diagnostic measures include taking anamnesis, fecal examination, scatological examination, ultrasound.

On a note! You can cope with the first stage of dysbiosis on your own if you pay attention to the development of the disease in time. As a rule, in this case, the treatment consists of taking conventional probiotics.

Special nutrition plays the main role in the treatment of dysbiosis. It will help to restore the balance of microflora as quickly as possible. The diet should be selected by a nutritionist. From the menu it is required to completely exclude foods that can provoke flatulence, as well as those that contain a lot of fiber. It is best to focus on fermented milk products enriched with beneficial bacteria.

As a rule, antibiotics for dysbiosis, the purpose of which is to destroy pathogenic microorganisms, are prescribed by a doctor only at the last stage of the disease. And then you cannot take them for more than 10 days. Then sorbents are prescribed that cleanse the intestines from dead microorganisms. Enzymes may be prescribed to improve the digestion process.

Prebiotics and Probiotics

The intestinal microflora will return to normal as quickly as possible if you use drugs and substances rich in probiotics and prebiotics. The former contain bacteria that colonize the intestines, and the latter contain substances that will help create a favorable environment for friendly microorganisms and help to produce them. Read more about medicines for intestinal dysbiosis.

On a note! There are drugs on the market called synbiotics. They contain both probiotics and prebiotics.

Prebiotics are poly- and oligosaccharides. They are found in vegetables, fruits, cereals, which provide energy for the existence of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Babies receive oligosaccharides along with their mother's milk, but adults need to eat pumpkin, zucchini, onions, carrots, oatmeal, and garlic to replenish the supply of these substances. Also, the body can get these components from bananas, pomegranates, berries, apricots. Sources of polysaccharides are ground pear, chicory, garlic and onions, while legumes are rich in raffinose, another bifidogenic prebiotic.

Advice! In order for the body to get enough of all these substances, an adult should eat about 5 servings of vegetables and fruits per day.

Probiotics inhibit opportunistic microflora, improve the process of interferon production, provide production of vitamins B and K, break down bile acid, thereby reducing the risk of diarrhea. They also help manage food allergies. Probiotic-rich foods - kefir, yoghurts, bifidok, kumis, etc.

Features of nutrition for dysbiosis

Even despite the fact that the doctor will fully write down the products that can and cannot be consumed with dysbiosis, there are still a number of aspects that you need to know in order for the diet to benefit.

1. The diet should completely exclude any foods that can provoke the formation and accumulation of gas in the intestines.
2. You need to eat often and in small portions, about 5-7 times a day, while it is important to ensure that there is no overeating.
   

   Fractional nutrition

3. Fruits and vegetables are good, but only boiled. Only cucumbers can be eaten raw.
4. The menu should not contain spicy food, smoked meats, fatty foods. It is best to steam or boil food.
5. If a person has diarrhea, then he should not eat foods that provoke fermentation.
6. Alcohol, sweets, coffee, soda, and baked goods are prohibited.
7. It is important to include foods containing probiotics on the menu.
8. The food should be chewed thoroughly, and it is not recommended to eat food that is too cold or hot.

Important! Tea after meals with dysbiosis can be drunk only 30 minutes after a meal. It is best to drink as much water as possible.

Table. Foods that can and cannot be eaten with dysbiosis.

Can	It is forbidden
Rusks, weak broths, mashed boiled lean meat, chicken or turkey without skin, low-fat fish, low-fat cottage cheese, steamed omelet, a little butter, baked apples, dry biscuits, tea, jelly, broth rose hips. With constipation, you can use kefir, fermented baked milk, mild cheeses, but with diarrhea, only cottage cheese is allowed.	Rye bread, pasta, buns, vegetable or milk soups, boiled eggs, pearl barley, barley, millet porridge, vegetable oil, raw vegetables and fruits, sweets, milkshakes and whole milk, sausages and sausages, smoked meats and pickles, marinades, spicy and fried foods, any sauces.

In general, we can conclude that with dysbiosis, the same foods are prohibited as when following a number of diets aimed at improving the body. If the diet is balanced, then the body will receive all the substances it needs from the incoming food.

Diet for dysbiosis

As a rule, to restore the balance of microflora, doctors prescribe a diet number 4 according to Pevzner. However, a gastroenterologist or nutritionist can make some amendments to the menu, depending on the individual characteristics of the human body or its condition.

Approximate weekly diet for dysbiosis accompanied by constipation.

Step 1. On the first day, it is best to prepare lazy dumplings for breakfast, washed down with green tea. For lunch, you can eat apple and carrot soufflé. For lunch, it is recommended to cook chicken sausages with buckwheat garnish, complementing all this with cabbage salad and compote. For an afternoon snack, herring soaked in milk is suitable, and for dinner - chicken cutlets with sour cream sauce and mashed potatoes.

Step 2. On the second day of the diet, apple and carrot cutlets are prepared for breakfast, and pumpkin with milk sauce for the second breakfast. For lunch, you can eat a salad of potatoes, carrots. Low-fat cabbage soup is also suitable. At afternoon tea, you can have a snack with a fish pate sandwich, and for dinner, make a casserole of chicken and vegetables.

Step 3. On the third day, it is recommended to eat a curd casserole with cornflakes for breakfast, and steamed pumpkin for lunch. For an afternoon snack, you can use egg pate, and for dinner, cook fish in milk sauce with mashed potatoes.

Step 4. On the fourth day, you can have breakfast with cereal from crackers, after a while you can drink fermented baked milk. For lunch - diet pickle and tea. For an afternoon snack - fresh cucumbers stuffed with cauliflower. And for dinner - steamed meat pudding.

Step 5. The fifth day of the diet: apples stuffed with cottage cheese are prepared for breakfast, and a baked pear for lunch. Meat stew with buckwheat is used for lunch, kefir for afternoon tea. For dinner, you can stuff fish with an apple.

Step 6. On the sixth day of the diet, you can already have breakfast with scrambled eggs and coffee with milk, for lunch, eat carrot zrazy. For lunch - a casserole of meat and cabbage, for an afternoon snack - compote, and for dinner - chicken broth.

Step 7. At the end of the diet week, a pumpkin casserole is prepared for breakfast. For lunch you can eat a boiled egg, for lunch - rabbit meat. In the afternoon snack - crackers and compote, and for dinner - macaroni and cheese.

At dysbiosis with diarrhea the following weekly menu is recommended.

Step 1. On the first day - lazy dumplings and green tea for breakfast, for the second breakfast - an apple muffin. For lunch - macaroni with apples and currant juice, for an afternoon snack - jelly. For dinner - meatballs or rice with apples.

Step 2. The second day - steamed omelet without yolks for breakfast, for second breakfast - crackers. For lunch, it is recommended to eat meatballs and rice, for dinner - oatmeal or fish soufflé.

Step 3. The third day of the diet: you can cook semolina for breakfast, and bake quince for the second breakfast. For lunch - steamed turkey cutlets, for an afternoon snack - oatmeal jelly. Stuffed zucchini with rice is good for dinner.

Step 4. Breakfast of the 4th day: oatmeal. Second breakfast - baked apples. For lunch, it is advisable to eat steamed chicken meatballs, and at afternoon tea you can have a snack with biscuits. For dinner, cooked buckwheat or steamed fish.

Step 5. It is advisable to start the fifth day of the diet with semolina pancakes; currant jelly is suitable for lunch. For lunch - potato zrazy and boiled meat. At afternoon tea, you can drink a little blueberry jelly, and for dinner, rabbit cutlets or curd soufflé are prepared.

Step 6. Breakfast of the sixth day - rice and cottage cheese, second breakfast - chicken pate and toasted bread. For lunch, you can make steamed chicken cutlets and buckwheat, and at an afternoon snack you can eat some biscuits with jelly. For dinner, cooked boiled rice, turkey meatballs.

Step 7. You can have breakfast on the 7th day with a cottage cheese casserole, and in the second breakfast you can have a snack of pear jelly. For lunch - vegetable soup and meatballs, for an afternoon snack - crackers. For dinner, you can make minced meat casserole and mashed potatoes.

Video - Dysbacteriosis. Treatment and symptoms

Dysbacteriosis is an unpleasant disease, which, in general, is quite easy to cope with if you notice the first symptoms in yourself in time. Sometimes it is enough to slightly correct the menu, and the microflora is already back to normal.