Modern methods of studying the nervous system

Unfortunately, the human brain has not yet been fully investigated, and the possibility of occurrence of certain deviations in the work of the nervous system and its consequences are often at the stage of study.

Usually the diagnosis is made and the treatment is prescribed for diseases of the nervous system rather long. That's why a lot of methods have been invented that are aimed at researching the nervous system. The purpose of creating such methods is first and foremost the help of a specialist in the rapid and accurate establishment of a diagnosis. After all, many diseases can be treated only in the early stages. So let's look at what modern methods of investigating the nervous system are.

Methods of investigation.

Modern instrumental diagnostics of all types of diseases occupies a very important place in the process of prevention and treatment of various diseases, including the nervous system. As you know, the disease is easier to prevent than treat, that is why, devices are developed that can detect the slightest deviations and enable to prevent the progression and development of the disease.

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As for methods of research of the nervous system, it is common to subdivide them into the following sections:

- neuroimaging methods;

- neurophysiological methods;

- methods of studying the activity of the brain;

- study of the human vascular system;

- other methods.

Neuroimaging methods are commonly referred to as: MRI of the brain, computed tomography, echoencephaloscopy. Such methods are designed to study the structure of the brain, diagnosis of hematomas, volumetric brain formations or intracranial hypertension.

Neurophysiological methods of research - are aimed at determining the work and full performance of the functions of nerve cells( neurons), nerves, nerve centers, spinal cord and brain. These include:

- ENMG( electroneuromyography) - determines the level of lesion of the neuromuscular system;

- thermography - defines the diseases of Konovalov-Wilson, as well as Parkinson's;

- EEG;

- Magnetic stimulation( MS) - is aimed at researching brain potentials, detect abnormalities, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment in certain diseases.

Methods of treatment with electrodes.

These methods include brain research methods, which are based on the external use of electrodes, to record electrical activity. Such procedures are painless and not long, and also harmless to the patient. In the process of research, the patient is usually in a relaxed state, and performs certain tasks given by the doctor, according to what research is conducted. These can be simple reactions to light signals, deep breathing or delay, the patient's stay with open or closed eyes and other additional tests. Usually the reason for referring the patient to such studies is frequent convulsions, loss of consciousness, fainting, variations in crises. This is the only method of accurately determining the cause of the disease. Corresponding to the results of the studies, correct treatment is selected further, a course of medications is prescribed, contraindications to certain methods of treatment are revealed. Also this method of research helps to determine the safety of functions of brain structures in patients in intensive care in a coma.

If suspicion of epilepsy and tics is usually used to study the focus of the pathology of video EEG.This is a method based on synchronous recording of a patient's video image and EEG.Thus, it is possible to identify the motor activity of the patient and the electrode activity of the brain by the method of comparison, which helps to make an accurate diagnosis.

Multiple sleep record.

Multiple sleep record, or as it is also called polysomnography, is a method based on monitoring the condition and activity of the brain during sleep. Usually sleep takes more than the third part of our life, and very often sleep pathologies cause health problems. Usually such become insomnia, headache, snoring, irritability, daytime drowsiness and others. The results of these studies in a complex of all factors determine the root cause of the pathology, and accordingly give the opportunity to correctly establish the treatment.

To determine the pathology of the functions of the nervous system, a method called brain potentials is also used. The method is based on a record of brain activity, which is caused by various stimuli. In this way, the visual system, the hearing, and the vestibular system are usually examined. This makes it possible to investigate multiple sclerosis, retrobulbar neuritis, traumatic lesion of the optic nerves, as well as disorders of the morning ear, auditory nerve, and disorders in the brainstem. Usually, this method also determines the cause of hearing loss, the degree of brain stem damage in trauma, and also the deformation of the cervical spine. This study applies to patients who have symptoms such as frequent dizziness, foreign sounds in the ears, such as noise or ringing, and also diagnosis of otitis.

There are many more methods that help determine the disease in the early stages, and take appropriate measures in a timely manner. Modern medicine is constantly evolving and does not stand still. This makes it possible to hope that soon people will have the opportunity to hope for a full recovery even in the most complex diseases. In the meantime, our main task remains to prevent these diseases. Do not be afraid to undergo examination, and consult a doctor, with any symptoms. After all, your health is one, and it is much easier to save than to restore.