Help with vomiting: nurse action algorithm

Vomiting is the process of self-cleaning of the stomach through the oral cavity using the gag reflex. For various reasons, the body transmits a signal to the medulla oblongata, causing an early attack. Before the urge, a person develops symptoms predicting vomiting - profuse saliva, nausea, increased heart rate, sweating.

The process benefits the body with its cleansing properties and the danger of aspiration from vomit. First aid is important for a patient with vomiting. In stationary conditions, the provision of assistance falls on the medical staff according to the memo.

How to help the patient: the algorithm of the nurse's actions

Memo to help a nurse in a hospital for a patient who is conscious of an emetic attack:

• Alerting the patient to help.
• Put on an apron made of oilcloth for the patient.
• Place in a comfortable position.
• Prepare a glass of water for rinsing your mouth.
• Place a container in front of the patient.
• Wear sterile gloves and an apron.
• Put your hand on your head, hold it while vomiting.
• After the end of the process, rinse your mouth with water.
• Remove the protective apron.
• Help to lie down.
• Show vomit to the doctor, disinfect.
• Remove and ventilate the room.
• Take off your overalls.
• Wash the hands.

When a patient has indomitable vomiting, constant nursing supervision is necessary, care so that aspiration does not occur. If the body is in the wrong position, the unconscious patient will drown.

Caring for an unconscious patient

Often in patients after surgery, a gag reflex occurs. In the event of an attack of vomiting, when the patient is unconscious, the life of the patient depends on the action of the nurse. Without PMP, aspiration by vomit increases significantly. Nurse action algorithm:

1. Turn the head, the patient's body on its side so that vomit does not enter the respiratory tract.
2. Remove the pillow.
3. Get dentures.
4. Tie a towel, bring the vomit basin to your mouth.
5. Hold the patient's head while vomiting.
6. Wrap your finger in gauze and clean your mouth.
7. Open your mouth with your thumb and forefinger.
8. Purge the mouth until the mass is removed.
9. Rinse your mouth with a pear-shaped syringe.
10. It is necessary for the doctor to familiarize himself with the contents.
11. Disinfect with chlorine.
12. Pour down the drain.
13. Wash and ventilate the room.
14. Remove the apron.
15. Disinfect hands with solution.

An unconscious patient should be under the constant supervision of a nurse. The position of the body is horizontal with the head turned on its side. Indication for unconscious patients is mandatory.

First aid to the victim

If indomitable vomiting has caught a person at home, there is a memo for relatives. The further life of a person depends on the provision of first aid. Urgent action plan if a relative has a seizure:

• If you feel unwell, call a doctor at home.
• Calm down.
• Lay on its side.
• Place the container in front of the patient.
• Prepare a glass of water for rinsing.
• After completing the process, rinse your mouth out.
• Remove the container with vomit.
• When the doctor arrives, show the contents.
• Ventilate the room.
• Provide peace.
• Compliance with the sequence of treatment prescribed by the doctor after the diagnosis.

Causes of vomiting

The causes of nausea are varied, for the doctor to make the correct diagnosis, remember, tell us: what the patient ate, drank, medications taken, allergies, head injuries, gastrointestinal diseases. List of diseases and conditions that can cause an attack in humans:

• The process began with a head injury.
• Diseases of the internal organs.
• Binge eating.
• Self-cleaning of the body from harmful substances.
• Poisoning.
• Allergy.
• Motion sickness.
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Stress.
• Infectious diseases.
• Intoxication.
• Violations of the cardiovascular system.

Symptoms of vomiting for emergency treatment

In case of nausea and one-time attacks, calling a doctor is not necessary, but there are a number of symptoms in which medical manipulation will save the life of a person who is at risk. These signs include:

• severe unbearable abdominal pain;
• contents mixed with blood;
• a sharp deterioration in the condition;
• the attack began after TBI;
• the attack is strong, does not stop;
• vomiting in an elderly person.

The indications involve calling an ambulance to provide qualified manipulations to the patient. Before the arrival, the doctors follow the algorithm for caring for the patient: they provide the victim with peace, release the airways from pressing clothes, and cover them with a warm blanket. Make sure that the person who is sick is comfortable during the attacks. If he is unable to turn, help should be given by turning his head to the side. An important element of patient care is soldering with water-salt solutions to prevent dehydration of the body.

Severe vomiting in a child

If a child begins to vomit severely, you must not leave him alone. There is a risk of suffocation. The condition causes dehydration of the body, which is dangerous in childhood. To prevent dehydration, the baby is given a drink after vomiting: still mineral water, salty-sweet water solution. Natural juices, milk will harm a weakened body, cause diarrhea in addition to nausea. Antiemetic drugs give as directed by a doctor. The body is cleansed of harmful substances, the forced cessation of vomiting will cause contamination with toxins.

First aid for vomiting in a child

The tactics of helping a child are similar to those of an adult. The baby is laid in a horizontal position, his head is raised and turned to the side. The pelvis is placed to the chin. They tie a napkin so that the baby does not get dirty in the process. After the attack, caress or wipe the mouth with a damp cloth, remove the torn liquid, ventilate the room. A sick baby needs constant adult supervision. If the child is not given first aid, there is a possibility of mass aspiration.

Calling a doctor home is required in cases where the baby has a head injury, there is an impurity in the mass blood, nausea is accompanied by high fever, acute abdominal pain accompanies seizures. Before the ambulance arrives at a high temperature, they knock it down with drugs, Ibufen is a good remedy for this. Severe abdominal pain is relieved with activated charcoal in combination with Drotaverin. In case of injuries, you can not move, the child is in a horizontal position until the ambulance arrives. After waiting, the doctor is introduced to the baby's vomit.

The goal is achieved: the problem is solved, and the baby is on the mend, then the body is restored after the shake-up. A diet is prescribed to restore the working state of the body. Products included:

• liquid, semi-liquid porridge on water - prepared from rice, oatmeal, buckwheat;
• baked or boiled fruits, vegetables;
• dried fruit compotes;
• steamed lean meat in the form of cutlets;
• fresh banana;
• natural honey in small portions;
• jelly;
• soup with vegetable or meat broth.

The products prepared in this way envelop the stomach with a thin protective film, protecting it from infection by pathogenic bacteria. Honey is rich in vitamins, microelements, useful for an organism weakened by vomiting. Broths during surgery are recommended to be taken in small sips. Meat dishes will restore strength. It is recommended to feed the patient in small portions every 2-3 hours so as not to overload the condition of the sick body with food.

During the recovery diet, it is forbidden to eat fried foods, fresh vegetables and fruits, with the exception of banana. Fatty meats that are heavy to digest, canned food, smoked and dry-cured sausages. They will cause indigestion and irreversible effects on the body. Familiar foods are introduced gradually one week after recovery.

These rules should be followed by both children and adults who are sick. They will help restore a weakened body and save a person's life. Life and health often depend not on a doctor, but on loved ones who are nearby.