Acute inflammation of the pancreas: symptoms and diagnosis

Acute inflammation of the pancreas: symptoms and diagnosis

• Symptoms of acute inflammation of the pancreas;
• Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis;
• Treatment tactics.

Acute inflammation pancreas, which has a different etiology, is called acute pancreatitis. As statistics show, the incidence of this disease is approximately 34 cases per 100 thousand. population annually. In about 20% of cases, patients, even after treatment, face repeated attacks of acute pancreatitis. In the absence of timely medical care, such a pathology is extremely dangerous for its complications. It can lead to secondary bacterial infection, shock conditions, and so on.

Symptoms of Acute Pancreatic Inflammation

The earliest symptom in acute pancreatitis is pain in the epigastric region, left hypochondrium, can take on a shingles, and so on. As a rule, if you lie on your back, there is an increase in pain syndrome. In addition, it increases with a violation of the diet, namely, when eating too fatty or spicy foods, alcoholic beverages.

In acute inflammation pancreas the clinical picture is complemented by attacks of nausea and vomiting. Quite often, repeated vomiting is observed, which does not bring relief. Other dyspeptic disorders, such as bloating or heartburn, are also possible. As a rule, a general intoxication syndrome with an increase in body temperature also joins. Sometimes, on examination, a slight yellowness of the sclera or skin is found.

Diagnostics of the acute pancreatitis

Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis begins with the collection of complaints and an objective examination. A significant role is assigned to laboratory research, including general and biochemical blood tests. According to a general blood test, signs of an inflammatory process in the form of leukocytosis and accelerated ESR are revealed. The results of a biochemical blood test indicate an increase in the activity of amylase and lipase, sometimes the levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes increase.

The final confirmation of the diagnosis is carried out using ultrasound, in doubtful cases - using magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography.

In 2018, the results of the work of scientists from the Baltic Federal University. AND. Kant. The aim of the study was to study the informativeness of the qSOFA scale for predicting and stratifying acute pancreatitis in the admission department. As a result, it was possible to establish that the presence of two criteria out of three of the qSOFA scale in the hospital admission department allows to reliably predict the development of severe acute pancreatitis.

Treatment tactics

Acute pancreatitis is an indication for hospitalization. A sick person is advised to refrain from eating, parenteral nutrition is provided. To relieve pain, antispasmodics and novocaine blockade are used. Additionally, drugs are prescribed that reduce the activity of pancreatic enzymes. In parallel, detoxification measures are carried out, antibiotics are prescribed to prevent secondary infection.

If there are indications, the question of surgical intervention is decided.

A source: https://medaboutme.ru/