Anxiety disorder

Anxiety is one of the essential components of our life. Everyone sooner or later experiences this feeling. Anxiety usually manifests itself as a temporary reaction to stressful situations. Anxiety disorder can occur when anxiety becomes so strong that a person is deprived of the ability to live and work normally. Anxiety disorder is a separate disease and has peculiar symptoms.

Anxiety disorder can be divided into two types:

• adaptive disorder( anxiety or other emotions develop in difficulties with certain stressful situations);
• generalized anxiety disorder( excessive anxiety is always present and includes a variety of life situations)

Increased anxiety and fear experienced by patients who may be accompanied by physical discomfort( upset stomach, rapid heart rate, shortness of breath).Many patients have depressive disorders.

What causes the anxiety disorder

There are quite a few theories, both psychological and biological, that explain the causes of the occurrence of anxiety.

Psychological theory explains anxiety as a signal for the emergence of an unnecessary, forbidden need, impulse, which induce a person to unconsciously prevent their manifestations. Symptoms of psychological anxiety are explained as the inability to curb( "displacement") unnecessary requirements.

Phobias and anxiety initially appear as a reflex response to stimuli associated with pain or frightening stimuli.

Biological theories point to the fact that anxiety disorders can occur as a result of anomalies relatedWith the increase in products - neurotransmitters

It is possible that for most of the symptoms there is a blue spot that is in the trunk of the brain.but increasing fear and anxiety Some drugs.( e.g. - yohimbine), improves stain activity, increasing anxiety and drugs that reduce activity, have the opposite effect

Many patients with panic disorders are very sensitive to a slight increase of carbon dioxide in the air.

According to traditional domestic taxonomy, such disorders are referred to as neurotic neuroses caused by a painful condition characterized by a multitude of clinicalEsque manifestations. The patient realizes his illness, but he lacks the desire for self-development of personal qualities.

Symptoms of Anxiety disorders share:

anxiety and phobic, which include:

• panic( panic disorder);
• generalized disorder;
• mixed, depressed state;
• compulsive disorder;
• reactions that occur with severe stress.

Adaptive disorders:

• stress disorder after trauma;
• panic;
• obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Panic disorder The main feature is repeated periods of panic attacks the fear and discomfort that are associated with frequent heart rate, shortness of breath, dizziness, suffocation, pain in the throat, chest, sweating, obsessive fear of going mad or dying. Such attacks can be a duration of 5 to 20 minutes.

After several similar bouts, many people are afraid of the next, which can begin where a person can not quickly get out( metro, cinema, bridge or elevator).A person begins to strive to avoid such situations by limiting his movements to his home or being afraid to leave unaccompanied. This phenomenon is called "Agoraphobia".

Some patients are cured of panic fear suddenly, while others for a long time suffer relapses and become home-grown for a year.

Generalized disorder has a core feature - a persistent alarm that is not restricted under certain circumstances and is not "fixed".

In order to establish an accurate diagnosis, symptoms of anxiety in a patient should be present for at least fourteen days.

The most common:

• concerns and fears of failures, feelings of excitement;
• fussiness, headaches, there is no relaxation;
• hyperactivity, sweating, dizziness, palpitations.

People with anxiety disorders take too much care of their shortcomings and build relationships with others only with full confidence that they will not give up, as loss or rejection is very painful, as a result people prefer solitude and do not want to take risks and how- then communicate with people.

Diagnosis of anxiety disorder

Diagnosis of the disorder can be made by a specialist - a psychiatrist. To establish the correct diagnosis, the symptoms of the disorder should be observed for several weeks. To establish such a diagnosis in many cases is not difficult. But difficulties can arise in the designation of a certain type of anxiety. All of them have common symptoms and their difference is the time and place of manifestation. For the diagnosis, psychological testing is successfully used.

At the first suspicion of a psychiatric disorder, several important points are evaluated:

• the presence of feelings of anxiety, fear, sleep disturbance;
• duration of symptoms, during an anxiety disorder, signs of the disease persist for a period of two weeks;
• the available signs can not be a normal reaction to the stressful state of the body, since a person was not, for example, in the war or does not threaten anything;
• signs do not refer to diseases of internal organs( panic attack, for example, has common symptoms with angina);
• conditions in which symptoms are manifested( a constant sense of anxiety, panic disorder, phobias, etc.).

Treatment of

In the treatment of anxiety disorders, rational beliefs, medications or both are used effectively. Psychological therapy helps a person understand the factors that provoke the disease, as well as help to learn how to cope with them.

The occurrence of anxiety often recedes with relaxation and meditation. There are several types of medications that allow many patients to get rid of such unpleasant manifestations as increased fussiness, muscle tension and insomnia. Reception of such medicines is safe enough and gives good effect at observance of all references of the doctor. At the same time, you should avoid drinking alcohol, smoking, and consuming caffeine. It is worth knowing that in many cases, anxiety does not disappear on its own, but acquires a chronic character. Gastric ulcer, hypertension, irritated bowel and many other diseases are the result of a neglected disorder.

Psychotherapy is based on therapy of anxiety disorder, which allows to determine the real cause of the disease. Special methods will help to reduce sensitivity to factors - provocateurs. The success of treatment directly depends on the mood of the patient and the period of time elapsed from the onset of the disease to the beginning of treatment.