Reasons for deviations from normospermia

What is the conclusion - normospermia?

Unfortunately, there are couples who can not have children. The reason for this can be a health problem, not only in women but also in men. A condition in which the male body is able to produce enough healthy sperm for conception, called normospermia. To establish a diagnosis of male infertility, semen analysis is required to pass. It does not take much time.

Transient infertility can occur when:

1. obesity;
2. severe stress;
3. hormonal imbalance;
4. abuse of alcohol and nicotine;
5. as a result of mechanical damage to the testicles.

To complete a semen analysis, you need to turn to the andrologist. According to a study of the ejaculate can judge the health of the men, the presence of inflammatory, infectious and other diseases.

Training

According to the WHO, the material for analysis is to be obtained by masturbation. To do this in a medical facility equipped with a special room with erotic magazines. The door closed from the inside.

The results to be accurate, a few days before delivery of the analysis have to observe the following rules:

1. eliminate any alcohol;
2. abstain from sex;
3. do not overheat.

If the doctor will prescribe a second analysis, this requirement will also need to comply with. For a more accurate conclusion on normospermia or rejection preferably to be tested several times.

In some men, it is retrograde ejaculation. Most often, the man indicates that orgasm is there, and there is no sperm. In this case, the ejaculate is thrown into the bladder.

Then you should pass a urine test for the detection of sperm and semen examination may show normospermia.

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For accurate decoding need to be tested several times (typically 2-3 times). If the first analysis was not very good, then do not despair. Be sure to pass it again.

Holding the result of the analysis in hand, you can not completely understand what it says, for example, the conclusion of "normospermia" you can nothing to say. Be sure to walk away with the result of the analysis to the doctor and discuss it.

But your education will not be superfluous in this matter.

The main standard indicators normospermia are as follows:

1. ejaculate volume;
2. during its liquefaction;
3. Colour;
4. pH value.

For normospermia typical volume of 2-6 ml. Small amount can cause infertility, because of genital tract women this amount is not able to reach the uterus.

If the analysis of the first deposit you stood out less than 2 ml of semen, this does not mean that you always have it a little. It is necessary to carry out follow-up study. Make no mistake, if you ejaculate during ejaculation much.

Vagina accommodates about 5 ml, the remaining volume flows and is not involved in the conception.

Article on the subject: zoospermia: what it is

At first the ejaculate is thick and viscous. Through 10-60 minutes it liquefies under the influence of enzymes of the prostate. The examination of material at a viscosity investigated thread which extends beyond the ejaculate.

Its length should be about 2 cm. If the ejaculate is viscous, it indicates prostate pathology, which led to a change in the chemical composition.

Sperm cells in a viscous medium are not able to move normally.

When normospermia color gray-white. Milky white, yellowish or milky color indicates zoospermia. If there is the smell of chestnut pellet, flakes, transparency, it does not normospermia.

However, WHO recommends not to pay attention to the color and smell. In many laboratories, these figures take into account. If the sperm contains blood, it becomes pinkish or brownish.

Transparency indicates the absence of sperm - azoospermia.

Sperm cells die in the acidic environment of the female reproductive tract. To reach the goal, they need to be protected. For this is the seminal fluid.

If all indicators within normospermia but the acidity, then it does not mean disease. When there is a combination with other disabilities, it is possible to make a diagnosis.

For example, lowering the pH and azoospermia indicate seminal duct obstruction.

In the ejaculate at normospermia leukocytes should be up to 1 million per 1 ml; if the figure is higher, there is an inflammatory process. Inflammation indicated by the presence of mucus, which should, normally, be absent. Erythrocytes with normospermia absent. If red blood cells are found, it may be indicative of cancer, inflammation or injury.

Assessment of sperm

The concentration of spermatozoa in 1 ml of ejaculate is 20-120 million / ml. If they are small (oligozoospermia), the acidic environment of the vagina does not allow them to reach the uterus. It is the complete absence of sperm - azoospermia. Also pay attention to the mobility of sperm. On this basis, they are divided into categories:

1. Aktivnopodvizhnye - direction of rectilinear movement at a speed of 0.025 mm / c. These are young healthy sperm, the number at normospermia is over 25%.
2. Progressive slabopodvizhnye - the direction of motion directly, but at a rate less than 0,025mm / c. The amount of sperm categories A and B should be not less than 50%.
3. Non-progressive-mobile are moving in place or move in a circle.
4. Still - it is sperm, dead or dying. When the sum normospermia category C and D cells should be less than 50% of the total.

If live sperm less than 20%, becoming the biological father is not possible. Recommended adoption or insemination donor cells. The semen analysis has indicated such factors as:

1. sperm morphology - are sometimes found with abnormal structure;
2. adhesion (agglutination) sperm - is in inflammation or immune disorders;
3. ACAT - antisperm antibodies - can be formed in the male or female body. They are attached to a ponytail sperm, preventing it from moving, or to the head, breaking the possibility of fertilization.

If found any abnormality in several studies, then do not despair. Perhaps you just have to treat diseases of genitals, stop drinking and smoking, normalize the work and rest, to eliminate stress, appeared to normospermia. This should be addressed with your doctor.

What does it mean

Normospermia assumes normal sperm according to the results of semen.
Semen analysis to evaluate the functioning of the reproductive system in men to determine the presence of inflammation or infection. Normospermia characterizes the quality of sperm in general. This requires estimating the sperm characteristics listed below:

1. The amount of ejaculate, ie the volume. Normally, the amount of seminal fluid of males is from 2 to 6 ml. A small amount of sperm can cause infertility. But the production of a large volume does not increase the chance of pregnancy than normal volume of semen, as the vagina takes a certain amount of semen, and everything else just follows out.
2. Color, blood impurities, pus. Normospermia characterized milky, white, possible slight yellowish tint. Normospermia indicator is not considered to be transparent, the presence of flakes and sediment, unpleasant odor. The presence of blood stains semen in pink, red, pus and gives a greenish-yellow hue.
3. Time semen liquefaction and viscosity. The viscosity is determined by measuring the yarn that extends over the ejaculate. Normally, the size of a couple of centimeters. Liquefaction time should be in the range of 10 minutes to an hour. Both indicators are interrelated. After semen liquefaction in men and, consequently, reducing its viscosity is influenced by enzymes of the prostate gland. Violation of its function leads to insufficient dilution of the ejaculate and an increase in its viscosity, which is a cause of infertility.
4. The pH value or pH value. The acid-alkaline balance in normospermia should vary between 7,2-8. Too acidic or alkaline environment disrupt sperm function and lead to their death.

In addition to the above, to determine normospermia in spermogramme men were quantified and qualitative changes in sperm motility and activity, the presence of blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells).

The appearance of white blood cells indicates the presence of infectious-inflammatory process, localized in the urogenital region. Are the most common cause venereal diseases.

Naturally, the presence of infection processes of spermatogenesis are broken, reduced functional activity of reproductive organs.

To study the state of sperm in men is recommended to be tested for determining semen parameters several times. Usually enough 2-3. It is worth noting that the semen is not always an accurate result demonstrates. After all, can be seen as a false-positive and false-negative results.

In addition, some men have the so-called transient infertility. This condition is characterized by transient disturbances of semen, whereupon their normalization occurs, sometimes even without the use of auxiliary drug therapy.

Transient disturbances may be caused by factors such as:

• Stress.
• Hormone imbalance.
• Overweight.
• Excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages and products containing nicotine.
• Mechanical injury of the testicles.

How to identify

Technology sampling of biological material (semen M) is sufficiently simple. Material for the study was prepared by masturbation. Usually for the convenience and comfort of women in laboratories and clinics have a special room, equipped with everything necessary, including magazines and videos erotic nature.

In addition, for the study of the ejaculate can be delivered to the laboratory in a condom, but in this case it is essential to comply with temperature control. While maintaining the temperature of about 36.6 degrees, and provided delivery within the next hours, the biological material is suitable to study.

Less commonly used to determine normospermia postcoital urine that is obtained immediately after intercourse.

Prior to analysis, need training. The quality of its compliance will depend on the accuracy of the results of semen. Therefore, it should be taken responsibly. Preparation assumes that the following rules for a few days before the semen study:

• Do not drink alcohol, as far as possible not to smoke cigarettes.
• Do not use medicines that may affect the change in the result of the study.
• Abstain from sexual intercourse.
• Avoid overheating of the body (including those not recommended to attend bath, sauna) and giperinsolyatsii.

The term "normospermia" describes the ability of fertile men, shows men's health. That is, it incorporates a variety of semen parameters and indicates the absence of pathological changes in the ejaculate. That is the term reflects the ability of males to conceive a child. Besides helping to diagnose the cause of infertility.

A source: https://fertilnost.guru/andrologiya/fertilnost/spermatoginez/chto-oznachaet-zaklyuchenie-normospermiya.html

Diagnosis zoospermia: what it means for potential fertilization

In the life of every couple comes a time when a child, successor of sorts, becoming ever more desirable. Unfortunately, not always pregnancy occurs in accordance with the desire of men and women. To help the couple, it is necessary to carry out diagnostics and examination of both partners. To determine the quality of the male seed assigned spermogram.

Sometimes semen is sufficient to reach a verdict doctor.

When the tests are passed the course and testing couples ask the question: what zoospermia? Zoospermia - a term in medicine, which corresponds to a normal semen parameters.

Normal indicator means that in 1 ml of semen 60-150 million motile sperm.

Provided that more than half of the sperm are active, or rather 70%, the doctor makes a diagnosis - zoospermia (or normospermia).

What is included zoospermia

Zoospermia includes the following features. Normally, in the test 2 ml of semen must be:

1. 2-4 spermatogenesis cells.
2. Leukocyte to 1 Mill.
3. Healthy sperm - more than half of the total.
4. Correct head morphology of sperm cells - more than 30%.

Is the guarantee zoospermia?

For pregnancy diagnosis normozoospemiya it is not a full guarantee and a single characteristic. two measures must take into account:

• sperm viscosity;
• the shape of sperm cells.

A healthy woman can not occur fertilization, even if her partner is diagnosed zoospermia but elevated viscosity index.

The viscosity of the ejaculate

Increased semen viscosity - a syndrome called viskozipatiya often found in practice, and may be the cause of male infertility, t. To. lowers the probability of fertilization and prevents normal movement spermatozoa.

How to determine the viscosity? Measured yarn length sperm (sinks and rises glass rod). filament length normally up to 2 cm, the longer, the higher viscosity and lower the probability of conception.

The reason of increased viscosity may be varicocele transferred inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system and infectious-inflammatory processes (orchitis, prostatitis, vesicles). In identifying viskozipatii appointed the necessary treatment.

A large number of round cells inhibit the term fertilization. This figure can be directly connected with the psychological state of man. There is a set of pathological forms of sperm.

Abnormal sperm shape

In a detailed study of sperm cells are found with head defects:

• large;
• small;
• conical;
• pear-shaped;
• round (with full or partial absence of acrosome);
• amphora;
• vacuoles in the field of chromatin;
• small head acrosomal region (less than 40% of the head);
• double or multiple heads that tells of the defeat sperm virus;
• compact structure of chromatin in the form of core.

There are pathological forms of cervical cells with defects, t. E. bowed at 90 degrees, as well as thickened (refined) or a part of an inhomogeneous medium, with lack mitochondrial membrane, an asymmetrical compound of the head and the middle portion and the other of combination.

Even for the exponent normozoopermiya important to consider bonding of sperm cells with each other (agglutination) and epithelial tissue, mucus particles pathological agents (aggregation). These conditions occur when the immune changes and disturbances in the male body.

Due to inflammatory processes (orchitis, prostatitis) breaks protective barrier Hematology testes tissue on the surface of sperm cells is allocated a special substance, gluing them together. More this condition can arise due to trauma scrotum.

Zoospermia can be along with inflammation of the urogenital system, which requires consultation of the urologist and appropriate treatment.

A source: http://mujikzdorov.ru/muzhskie-zabolevaniya/znachenie-normozoospermiya.html

Zoospermia - the norm, or is it diagnosed

Birth of a child - is the main goal of creating a family. But if couples have problems with pregnancy, conceiving a child, the doctor It recommends screening and men and women. Man, first of all, rents semen analysis (If not found other problems).

If all indicators of semen found in the normal range, the patient is to express an opinion - zoospermia. This means that a man, in principle, healthy. At this norm assumed by 1 ml of semen from 15 Mill. spermatozoa of which are viable at least 50%.

But sometimes, even with such a positive diagnosis, the woman can not get pregnant. Although quantitative indicators of active sperm is normal, fertilization does not occur for other reasons, and abnormalities in sperm.

The causes of variances, the main symptoms

The main reason why there is no conception, is changes in the chemical composition ejaculate. The most common spermatopathy They are:

• deviation from the normal pH;
• too high viscosity sperm;
• excessively high number of round cells;
• nerazzhizhenie sperm;
• psychological Problems.

All these variations significantly affect the fertility of male ejaculate (ie the body's ability to produce offspring, participation in sperm fertilized egg).

One reason for the inability of sperm fertilization is bonding, resulting in impeded their progress on the vagina. Such pathology is called agglutination or aggregation.

Agglutination - bonding of sperm with each other, which causes a sharp reducing activity. In this case, sperm are not completely healthy (have an irregular morphology) and, if a woman get pregnant with such a diagnosis of her husband, a variety of pathological changes may occur in the fetus.

Healthy germ cells need to repel each other, and when they are glued agglutination tails, heads or whole body, forming defective cells.

Aggregation - a gluing process of sperm with mucus epithelium or other pathological particles. The main cause of this disease is long-term (above normal) semen liquefaction.

Both these pathological process caused by immunological problems, Chronic inflammation of the pelvic organs, genital injuries. As a result, the formation of hematological diseases barrier and formed on the surface of the spermatozoa antisperm substanceThat glue them together.

Both of these conditions ejaculate significantly affect his fertility, although it is easy to recover. But treatment is necessary, especially if the deviations associated with inflammatory processes and may adversely affect on the sexual health of men.

Viskozipatiya - an increased rate of semen viscosity. To determine this measure the length of yarn spermatozoa, it should not exceed 2 cm. The filament is longer, the greater the viscosity, and less possibility of pregnancy. The cause may also be viskozipatii infections or inflammations of the urogenital tract.

all manner of trauma, Stresses contribute to a sharp increase in the number of round cells, which also increases the viscosity of the ejaculate.

How to get pregnant with zoospermia

If there is the slightest pathological changes semen identified in the analysis, it is necessary to abandon the conception of the child to full cure men. After all, even a small pathology It affects the quality of sperm and can affect the health of the fetus.

When normospermia aggregation or agglutination chances of getting pregnant, practically no.

But if timely treatment yielded positive results, the couple can hope to conceive by natural means.

How to analyze sperm

The quality of semen and all of its performance is affected by many factors. Even a small stress (alarmed before delivery analysis) can change this picture performance.

Therefore, the doctor usually appoints resit tests after 2 weeks. If the results of the observed differences are too big, the survey held for the third time.

Upon detection of abnormalities treatment is given promptlyWithout waiting for the results of replicate analyzes.

Semen must comply certain norms:

• volume seminal fluid - from 2 to 5 ml;
• sperm - more than 15 million to 1 ml;
• healthy cells - more than 50% of the total number;
• sperm with correct morphology - 30%;
• thinning Sperm - from 10 to 60 minutes;
• viscosity - no more than two cm.

Only studied the results of the analysis, the doctor may appoint the right therapy.

How to improve sperm quality

First of all, you must fulfill all the requirements of a doctor, refuse smoking and alcohol, to try to keep healthy lifestyle and eat right.

A diet rich in vitamins, antioxidants, beneficial minerals, helps to significantly improve the quality of sperm. Eating meat, seafood, nuts, various fruits, combined with active sports necessarily give a positive result.

Remember! Leykospermiya - is a diagnosis, not a sentence!

A source: http://4bro.club/potenciya/besplodie/normozoospermiya.html

semen

Semen - assigned to the study of the ejaculate (sperm) men under the microscope.

To date, semen analysis - this is normal and in fact the only test that allows to evaluate the ability of male fertility, as well as a reliable method of diagnosis some urological and infectious diseases.

Semen, made in preparation for fertility, can not only find out the possibility of early fertilization, but also to avoid possible fetal pathology.

Standard spermogramma into account physical parameters: sperm volume, its color, viscosity, pH; and microscopic parameters: the number and motility of sperm, the content of other cells, etc.

It should be noted that despite the high reliability of all the semen does not allow 100% reliably estimate a man's ability to conceive, as a man may be infertile with normal parameters of semen, and, on the other hand, the cause of deviations from the norm in terms of semen can be completely curable disease, as well as a temporary condition, or malaise.

Indications for semen:

• Barren marriage (identifying male factor).
• Preparation for artificial insemination.
• Planning for pregnancy.
• Analysis of latent infection.

Preparation for delivery of analysis (semen)

Within 5-7 days before semen analysis is prohibited:

• Use of alcoholic beverages, food with hot spices
• Hypothermia and hyperthermia
• A ride on the bicycle
• Antibiotics and potent drugs
• Intense physical exercise
• It is necessary to abstain from sexual intercourse for at least two and no more than 7 days

Ejaculate (semen) comprising: a secret testis and epididymis (3-5%), the secret of the seminal vesicles (50 -60%), the secret of the prostate (30 - 40%).

1	The volume of ejaculate (semen)	4.0 ml
2	pH	7,2 – 7,8
3	The number of spermatozoa in 1 ml	20 million or more
4	The number of sperm in the ejaculate	40 million or more
5	Actively motile sperm cells (category A + B)	50% or more
6	Fast moving spermatozoa (Category A)	25% or more
7	live sperm	50% or more
8	Morphologically normal sperm shape	30% or more
9	Aglyutinatov	Not
10	units	Not
11	leukocytes	0-1 in sight
12	erythrocytes	Not

movement characteristic of sperm:

• A - rapid progressive movement (active motile spermatozoa with rectilinear motion).
• B - slow linear and non-linear progressive movement (slow-moving sperm with rectilinear motion).
• C - or oscillating motion at the site (slow-moving sperm with an oscillatory or rotational movement).
• D - immobile spermatozoa.

Indicators mobility rate: Type A is more than 25%, or A + B of more than 50% after 60 min. after ejaculation. (Type A more than 50%, 10-20% type B, type C - 10-20% Type - D - 10-20% 60 minutes after ejaculation). Fast forward movement (A) - 25%

Translational movement (A + B) - 50%

Motion behavior (AUA, 1997)

• Lack of movement.
• Sluggish movement on the ground.
• The slow sinuous movement.
• Moderate progressive movement.

Norms of semen.

Index	Norm
Evaluation of semen
1	volume	2.0 - 6.0 ml
2	Colour	Whitish, milky
3	Smell	The smell of flowers chestnut
4	Viscosity	5 - 30 minutes
5	pH	7.2 – 8.0
6	liquefaction time	60 min
7	Flora (bacteria)	There are no
8	crystals Behtery	single
9	Urethral epithelial cells	Isolated in the preparation
10	Epithelial cells of the prostate	Isolated in the preparation
11	erythrocytes	Not
12	epithelial cells	A small amount of
13	lecithin grains	Lot
14	leukocytes	1 - 10 mln / ml
15	amyloid corpuscles	Not
16	The cells of spermatogenesis	Not more than 2%
17	Slime	Missing
18	Agglutination	Not
19	Aggregation	Not
20	Farris fertility rate	200
Assessment of sperm
21	Concentration	60 - 120 mln / ml
22	Total ejaculate	150 mln / ml and more
23	Aktivnopodvizhnye	75 – 80 %
24	translational motion	to 25%
25	fixed	6 – 10
26	Morphologically normal forms	80 %
27	pathological forms	20 %
28	live	80 – 90%
29	dead	10 – 20%

Below is the interpretation of semen.

• 1. Volume - 2 - 6 ml. Volume 1.5 ml sperm less associated with insufficient function of the seminal vesicles (and restriction or deformation) or hormonal deficiency. Excessive amounts (more than 6 - 8 mL) is accompanied by a decrease in sperm concentration.
• 2. Color - white, beige, gray or yellowish. Red or brown indicates prostate stones, trauma or tumor. The yellow color is possible when taking certain medicines.
• 3. Smell - the smell of chestnut color. It depends on the presence of spermine contained in prostatic secretions. Absence of this odor indicates the absence of prostate secretions in an ejaculate (semen).
• 4. Viscosity - 0.1 - 0.5 cm. (Viscosity is measured in centimeters ejaculate thread in which it is formed into a drop and separates from the pipette or special needles). If sperm are not diluted, the sperm is not able to achieve normal motility, sperm velocity is reduced. Viscosity increases with prostatitis and vesicles. viscosity breach may also be due to alcoholism, fermentopathy. When traveling in a viscous medium spermatozoa quickly consume biologically available energy (ATP). Sperm cells are longer in the acidic environment of the vagina, which further reduces their mobility and thus the ability to fertilize.
• 5. pH (ratio between positive and negative ions) - 7.2 - 7.8. Lowering or raising the pH of significant evidence of inflammation in the prostate gland or seminal vesicles.
• 6. Liquefaction time (the time of semen liquefaction to norm) to 60 min. Longer liquefaction evidence of long-term inflammation of the prostate gland or seminal vesicles; possible about the pathology of the enzymatic systems prostate or seminal vesicles.
• 7. Flora. In a normal sperm should be completely absent any whatsoever microorganisms.
• The presence of microbes in the sperm indicates the presence of inflammation in the male genital organs.
• 8. Crystals Behtery - isolated in the preparation. Their number increases with azoospermia.
• 9. Urethral epithelial cells - isolated in the preparation. When urethritis is detected epithelium of the urethra navicular fossa.
• 10. Epithelial cells of the prostate - unit in the preparation. May occur in chronic prostatitis.
• 11. Red blood cells - normally absent. The presence of red blood cells indicates injury, prostate stones, rare for tumors or inflammatory diseases of the prostate (kalikulit) or seminal vesicles.
• 12. epithelial cells - normally a small amount. When urethritis may occur in a large number of stratified epithelium of the urethra navicular fossa.
• 13. Lecithin grains (lipoid cells) - a lot. Lipoid cells - blown prostate secretion. In chronic prostatitis their number reduced.
• 14. Leukocytes (white blood cells) - in a preparation unit (1 - 10 mln / ml in the ejaculate). The number of leucocytes increases to 100 in view and more in inflammatory diseases paranasal gonads.
• 15. Amyloid cells - normally there. Appear at the stagnation in the prostate gland.
• 16. Cells spermatogenesis - no more than 10% of the total. These are the cells of the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules - spermatocytes, spermatids, spermatogonia. Under pathological conditions, these cells are missing or their number increases dramatically. A significant number of germ cells (epithelium desquamation), occurs in the secretory form of infertility.
• 17. Slime - absent. Mucus contained in the secret of the prostate, may indicate inflammation of the prostate gland. The presence of mucus hampers movement of sperm.
• 18. Agglutination - in the prefecture no sperm agglutination. Agglutination - a sperm bonding to each other, which prevents their forward movement. The prefecture spermatozoa have a negative electric charge, so that there is no collision and coalescence of sperm. The shift of the pH to the acid side reduces the electrical charge and causes their sperm agglutination. This phenomenon often occurs in inflammatory diseases of the urogenital sphere with a change in pH, the accumulation of lactic acid. Distinguish 4 degrees of aggregation. Weak (+) - glued single sperm. Average (++) - glued 50% of the sperm head. A strong (+++) - 50% of sperm heads and tails glued. Mass (++++) - glued together almost all the sperm. True agglutination is rare and indicates violations in the immune system. Autoimmunity organism antigens of testicular origin (normally less than 10%).
• 19. Aggregation - normally there. Aggregation - formation of "sockets" of spermatozoa are produced in inflammatory and immune disease processes.
• 20. Indicator Farris - 200. This is an integral indicator shows the number of motile sperm.
• 21. Concentration - 60 - 120 mnlml. The number of spermatozoa in 1 ml. Oligozoospermia - decrease in sperm count of less than 60 million (by WHO standards Me mlnml 20). Oligozoospermia 1 60 -40 mlnml degree, 2 degrees 40 - 20 mlnml, grade 3 - less than 20 mlnml. Sperm count decreases with endocrine disorders, violation of the circulatory system scrotum, toxic or radiation damage to the testis, inflammatory diseases, disorders Immunity. Increasing the number of sperm than 120 mlnml - polizoospermiya characterizes low sperm fertilizing ability, when coarse hereditary diseases, endocrinopathy.
• 22. Total Sperm - 150 million or more, is the number of sperm per ml multiplied by the volume of semen.
• 23 — 25. Active spermatozoa - 75 - 80%. The rate of sperm - 3 mlmin. the likelihood of fertilization is reduced with a decrease in the number of motile sperm. Decreased mobility called asthenozoospermia. Causes of asthenozoospermia not fully known. Asthenozoospermia may be due to toxic, radiological, immunological or inflammatory effects. Asthenozoospermia often seen in people working at elevated temperature (cook, attendant), or people who like to relax in the sauna and take a last bath. The longer life of the spermatozoa (normally up to 20 hours), the higher their ability to fertilize. To determine the duration of sperm motion and determine their survival index count the number of motile sperm after 3, 6 and 24 hours. In normal after 3 hours the number of moving spermatozoa is reduced by 7%, after 6 hours by 15%, after 24 hours only 10% of the sperm continue to move each of the second man. The deeper damage spermatogenesis, the shorter the duration of sperm movement.
• 26. Morphologically normal - 80% or more. Morphology - content of the ejaculate sperm with normal structure and fertility. Evaluation morphology is one of the most subjective and controversial figures in the semen analysis. Sperm, which increased the number of abnormal spermatozoa is increased called teratozoospermia. Teratozoospermia occurs when toxic and stress conditions, after undergoing in early childhood infections (infectious parotitis).
• 28. live - the percentage of motile sperm.

ejaculate options.

The following are terms that indicate a pathological process in semen and can be present in doctors' opinions.

• normospermia - all semen parameters are normal, conception happens at the usual time, if it does not happen, the reason a woman.
• zoospermia - all sperm parameters are normal, but the deviation is small, not influencing fertility (rounded cells increased content, change in pH or viscosity, nerazzhizheniya ejaculate). A perfectly healthy woman should become pregnant by this man.
• oligospermia - insufficient semen volume - less than 2 ml.
• oligozoospermia - insufficient sperm count - mlnml least 20 or 40 million in the whole ejaculate.
• asthenozoospermia - less than 50% of the sperm have progressive forward movement (categories A and B, or less than 25% of the sperm categories A, determined 60 minutes after ejaculation).
• Nekrospermiya - all dead sperm.
• teratozoospermia - less than 50% spermatozoa with normal morphology
• Oligoastenoteratozoospermiya - a combination of three embodiments deviations.
• Polizoospermiya - sperm count more than 200 mnlml.
• azoospermia - the absence of sperm in the ejaculate, but there may be germ cells.
• spermatoschesis - absence of sperm and germ cells.

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What is zoospermia?

To date, each seed wants to have healthy children and therefore to the issue of family planning, most are very responsible. There are many specialized private clinics, which have the whole training program, for pregnancy from the mothers and dads survey and ending with delivery.

But sometimes doctors do not fully explain the essence of the diagnoses that young parents see in their analyzes. In this article we will talk about what is normozoospermmiya.

What it is?

Term zoospermia or normospermia means that all the parameters of semen analysis is normal. In healthy male reproductive spermatozoa number per 1 ml of semen must be in the range of 60 to 150 m, with the percentage number of mobility should be around 70%.

Spermatogenesis, which is within the normal range, and the good performance of sperm viability tell us about how this diagnosis normozoospermmiya. But the presence of the diagnosis zoospermia does not mean 100% fertilization opportunities. One of the causes of common, which can serve as an obstacle to fertilization, it is psychological.

In 2 ml of semen must be 50% of the spermatozoa still also at the diagnosis should not be normozoospermmii agglutination and aggregation. If you found normozoospermmiya aggregation, it means that there is inflammation in the genitourinary tract. With this diagnosis need to undergo treatment at a qualified urologist.

When you're getting started with semen parameters you should take into account the factor that over time indicators are changing. Therefore, in most cases, do two consecutive tests at an interval of two weeks. If the results of two analyzes do not match then appoint a third to get the exact figures.

The test results should be correlated with the personality of every man, so give correct assessment of your analysis can only be a qualified technician, who will take into account all the features of of your life.

Doctors recommend!

How to get rid of prostatitis without the help of doctors at home ?!

• To stop the pain
• normalize urination
• to bring up sexual desire and the ability to conduct a sexual act

it tells us Elena Malysheva. Shattered men's health can and should be restored! with the help of timely treatment. Read more "

Types of pathologies at normospermia

There are two types of pathology at normospermia:

1. Zoospermia with agglutination;
2. Normozoospermmiya aggregation of spermatozoa.

Normozoospermmiya with agglutination

When the diagnosis of zoospermia with sperm agglutination They stick together and it interferes with their normal promotion into the vagina. The process of bonding between a sperm may carry imunnologichesky character. This may be as a consequence of the male genital organs injuries, mainly acts as an inflammation of the urinary system.

Normozoospermmiya aggregation of spermatozoa and the probability of fertilization

When you are diagnosed with normozoospermmiya aggregation sperm it means that bonding process occurs with sperm or mucus epithelium. This directly leads to pathologies and normally fertilize the egg, you can not. Prolonged inflammation of the reproductive organs in males lead to this diagnosis.

Thus chances of fertilization diagnosis approaching almost zero. But even with this percentage still have the chance of fertilization and doctors recommend to use it, but you must understand that with such a diagnosis, almost all the sperm are in violation, which can lead to abnormal development child.

The most important doctors in your semen found at least one normal, healthy sperm and then you will have a chance to fertilize an egg known method of IVF (in vitro fertilization).

What to do in the pathology?

As mentioned above in almost all cases, aggregation and agglutination is developing as a factor of long-term inflammatory disease in women, in general, these inflammations occur in the pelvis. Therefore, the main focus of treatment is aimed at eliminating the infectious diseases.

Note also that therapy should be immediate, Treatment should be started immediately after the detection of disease through semen analysis.

How to understand the results of the analysis?

In order for you elementary versed in basic concepts give you a list with the topic terminology and the main characteristics:

• Liquefaction of the ejaculate. When the diagnosis of male sperm must zoospermia razzhizhatsya for 10 to 60 minutes after ejaculation. When ejaculation occurs, the sperm is initially in a viscous state, but after a while the enzymes that are part of the seed razzhizhat sperm. If thinning does not occur, then it is a clear sign that not operate your prostate and disturb the chemical composition of semen. This factor affects the sperm motility and velocity, which directly affects the percentage of fertilization.
• Indicator PH. Once ejaculate sperm has a very big chance to die in the acidic environment of the vagina. In order for the sperm was acidic barrier emus need special protection. This protection acts seminal liquid, which firstly reduces the acidity of the vagina, and, secondly, has a chance to get the sperm to the uterus alive and fertilize it. When zoospermia the pH should be normal, if understated figure when you have problems with the ejaculatory ducts. When such a breach is ejected insufficient amount of seminal fluid into the vagina.
• semen volume. In figure normospermia norm of 2 to 6 ml of semen. If your analysis says oligospermia, it means that a small amount of sperm is released (less than 2 ml), it is also one of the causes of infertility in men. Small sperm volume makes it impossible to secure the sperm get to the egg. In order to identify the infringement must pass a semen analysis several times. If you ejaculate when released more than 6 ml of semen that fertilization does not accelerate, because the vagina can accommodate only about 5 ml of semen rest easy spilled.
• Color spectrum. When normospermia color seminal fluid must be white and gray. Also allowed a little yellow or white milk. If the sperm have pink or brown means you Hematospermia (a large number of red blood cells). If the color is clear, then you have azoospermia (absence of sperm).
• Leukocytes. When zoospermia leukocytes must be absent in the seminal fluid. If your tests found less than 1 million white blood cells that is still within the normal range, this number will not prevent fertilization. If the number of white blood cells is increased then it is evidence that you have inflammation or prostate or perhaps in the seminal vesicles.
• Erythrocytes. Normospermia involves their complete absence. If the analysis of red blood cells still found it bad. If red blood cells you have found it can be the result of trauma, tumor, or have prostate inflammation. If sperm is detected the blood, it is a sign of a serious injury or illness of the urethra.
• Slizost. If the semen found mucus, then the diagnosis zoospermia can be forgotten. The presence of mucus after ejaculation refers to the process of inflammation of the genital organs.
• Oligozoospermia. The acidity of the vagina there is detrimental to sperm. Therefore, there should be a normal sperm count. The deviation from the norm, especially when the concentration is very low and it is called oligozoospermia.
• Mobility.

The seed can be the sperm of four categories:

1. A - category. The movement should be straight and cross over half its length as one second (about 0,025mm / s). More than half of all sperm group. And, do not have any deviations they are healthy and young.
2. B - category. Rectilinear movement, but less speed than in category A. Mainly during ejaculation is about 10-15%. Most of this aging sperm or they have a violation. In some cases, long-term abstinence from sex reduces sperm motility.
3. C - Category. This category recorded the sperm, which rotate on the spot or in a circle. Acceptable rate of up to 15%.
4. D - Category. This category recorded the sperm that have no traffic at all (azoospermia). More than half of the sperm of this group are those who are killed or have died

Norm, but not quite

Average number of sperm in the semen can not guarantee you full health, even under good analyzes you all can still be a problem with the conception that can be caused by improper chemical composition sperm.

Some of the changes that might be in diagnosing zoospermia:

1. Not stable pH;
2. Nerazzhizhenie semen;
3. Viscosity too high.

The above mentioned problems of pathologies can affect pregnancyBut to date, medicine can cope with this task and after medical treatment of the pathology disappears.

therapeutic measures

When a man first diagnosis that a doctor checks, whether it is the body's inflammatory processes. The next step, which makes the doctor is made identifying the source of inflammation and its immediate suppression drugs.

Basically, the doctor appoints good antibiotic that quickly stop the focus of inflammation in men. Selection of antibiotics occurs individually counted himself pathogen, which caused the inflammation.

After a course of antibiotics assigned vitamin course. The bottom line is that after a dose of antibiotics the body needs vitamins, which completes the process of eradication of all foci of inflammation.

After this course the sperm comes back to normal, which increases the chances for future conception.

A source: http://kakbog.com/bolezni/normozoospermiya.html