Azoospermia: causes, diagnosis, treatment
Such a diagnosis for a man can be overwhelming, because, in his opinion, there have never been problems with the sexual function, there have also been no infectious diseases, and semen is excreted without any deviations. The fact that the male half equates the ability to fertilize to their sexual power, to the ability to erect, ejaculate. But this opinion is fundamentally wrong. Fertility does not depend on male power.
Azoospermia is one of the possible reasons why it is impossible to achieve conception. A similar phenomenon is the absence of spermatozoa in male sperm, with the help of which the cell is fertilized.
Determination of azoospermia
A similar diagnosis can only be made by a specialist in the field, for example, a urologist or reproductive specialist. You can make such a verdict only after viewing the results of the spermogram. Spermogram - a special analysis, with which you can examine under the microscope ejaculate, identify the total number of spermatozoa, and also characterize their quality.
In men whose diagnosis is azoospermia, the physical work of the penis is not impaired, there is also a normal erection and sperm, but it should be noted that this sperm is not workable, that is, it is not able to fertilize the cell. Let's also pay attention to such a disease as an aspermia. In this case, the sperm is not excreted at all, so that ejaculation can not occur.
What can cause azoospermia in men?
This question excites all men who are diagnosed with such a diagnosis. But you can not just lead them. One can only assume that there may be a lot of possible causes. The origin and development of this disease comes from three common types of sources. Namely:
- common diseases of various organs;
- abnormalities in ovarian function;
- incorrect operation of the outflow ducts.
In the first kind of source, when the role in the development of infertility could play the disease of other organs of the body, the following problems can be observed:
- various diseases of the brain, hypothalamus, which in turn plays an important role in the release of hormones, especially sex;
- is a disease in a section of the brain such as the pituitary gland that is directly subordinate to the hypothalamus - toxic effects such as alcohol or drugs, hemorrhages and all kinds of tumors.
The second kind of source of causes contains problems, which are the broken functioning of the ovaries themselves. This includes such problems as:
- chromosomal or genetic abnormalities;
- is congenital either due to amputation, the absence of one or both testicles;
- abnormal structure of the seminiferous tubule;
- congenital or acquired infections, such as sex or orchitis;
- inflammation in the testicles;
- effects of radiation, as well as the effect of alcohol or drug dependence, in part and nicotine;
- every possible, including traumatic damage of testicles;
- male sex hormones with reduced synthesis;
- cryptorchidism, which is characterized as undescended testicles.
The third type of cause is the development of azoospermia, due to the problems of sperm delivery to the sperm and healthy ovaries. Such a result may arise as a result:
- , the anomalies of the vas deferens ducts are inherent in nature;
- for cystic fibrosis is a hereditary metabolic disease;
- after previous infections such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, tuberculosis;
- diabetes mellitus;
- for prostate resection;
- in the event that there was a throwing of semen into the bladder, as a result, for example, after injuries to the spinal cord.
It is worthwhile to pay attention to what happens when the causes from different types of sources can influence simultaneously. Thus, a man urgently needs to undergo a complete examination. As a result, the question of the method of treatment will be clarified, and as far as possible. And also the main points of possibilities, the use of reproductive medicine, that is, artificial insemination, will be clarified.
Diagnosis of azoospermia
It is important to note that no single study will be effective if it is administered once. In such cases, as a rule, a specialist will acquaint the man with the available techniques for preparing for the ejaculate itself, and then offer to pass it two or three more times. After all, no expert can diagnose a single visit.
Thus, approximately five to seven days before the test is not recommended to lie in a bathroom full of hot water, as well as contra-indicated saunas and baths. All because sperm does not take root in the heat and begin to die. To achieve the greatest reliability in obtaining the result, it takes three to four days before the test is done to abstain from sexual abstinence.
In the event that the result is doubtful, centrifugation of the sample of the ejaculate itself is assigned, to identify specific cell forms. If it turns out that the sperm samples have single cells, we can safely conclude that this diagnosis of infertility is not valid.
Treatment of azoospermia
In addition to all possible analyzes, specialists perform a detailed examination of the genital area. The testicles are carefully probed for the identification of various seals, atrophy or edema, if any. This is necessary to determine the cause of this disease.
If the cause of the disease in the ducts - in this case they suggest solving the problem surgically, aimed at correction and expansion of the ducts. If the cause is in the inflammation of the ovaries or if a sexual infection is detected, in this case the cure for these diseases will solve the problem.
There are cases when a diagnosis of temporary azoospermia, which was formed against a background of depressions or diseases, is diagnosed. This can happen as a result of imbalance of sex hormones in men. After all, men are also prone to stress.
