Medical examination before surgery

It is mandatory to perform screening before the operation, which allows to identify certain diseases, as well as determine the state of health. Recently, questionnaires are an excellent alternative to the medical questionnaire.

What is honey. Examination before surgery?

An anesthesiologist must pay attention to the indication for the operation, as, for example, intestinal obstruction can be complicated by aspiration. Anamnesis should include a survey of the patient's airway condition, as this is an important factor in the operation.

Next, before the operation, the anesthetist should make sure that the patient does not have any mental and physiological disorders. Also, light and moderate disturbances in the body's functioning should be taken into account, or violations that are severe and life-threatening to the patient.

Disorders with a low probability of survival are also taken into account when the operation is performed with the purpose of resuscitation of a person. If a person is treated with ischemic heart disease, this must be taken into account without fail, and the development factors of coronary heart disease are different, for example: diabetes, tobacco smoking, hypertension, and various vascular disease.

A medical examination before surgery involves the detection of cardiovascular diseases. This takes into account the possibility of carrying the load by the patient during the operation and after, and also examines the cardiac activity of a person. The detection of angina pectoris at this stage of the examination is a very important factor that can affect a patient's life, since such patients are most at risk of complications during the postoperative period. If this disease progresses only with increasing physical exertion, then most likely the patient will undergo surgery without problems. Also, a violation of the optimal functionality of the left ventricle can lead to the development of hypotension after surgery.

Also take into account myocardial infarction, if the patient has suffered it. In all operations, except operations involving the heart, the anesthesiologist is based on the time that has elapsed since the progress of the disease. Strangely enough, the risk of transferring myocardial infarction in people who have already suffered it and returned to normal physical activity is less than in people who suffer from angina pectoris. In this case, the operation, as far as possible, is postponed for a longer period until the recovery of the myocardium.

Heart failure may also cause complications after surgery.

If a patient suffers from hypertension, it is likely that he develops ischemia, kidney and nervous system problems, and learn about the medications the patient is currently taking. Medical examination before surgery involves the establishment of pathology in hypertension. Pathologies of some organs can say that the body has adapted to high arterial pressure, and the mechanisms for adjusting blood pressure have changed and regulate it at a higher level. In the event that the diastolic blood pressure exceeds 110 millimeters of mercury, the operation, if possible, is transferred to the time set by the doctor. Carrying out an electrocardiogram can help in determining myocardial overload of the left ventricle. If such overloads are detected, additional tests are performed to identify the condition of the cardiovascular system, and surgical intervention is performed only after stabilizing blood pressure.

Lung diseases.

As for lung disease, they are subjected to the same thorough examination as the diseases of the cardiovascular system. Lung diseases are often the cause of death of patients due to postoperative complications. To begin with, a specialist identifies pulmonary disease, as well as the degree of its severity and irreversibility. If the patient has reactive lung disease, then the development of bronchospasm in the postoperative period is not ruled out. In the case where a person has asthma, sometimes steroid therapy is used in the preoperative period. One of the most important factors affecting the development of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases is smoking.

Endocrine diseases.

Endocrine diseases also play a huge role in the operation and require careful examination. For example, diabetes can cause atherosclerosis, and thyroid disease can make breathing difficult.

Kidney disease.

Kidney disease can have a negative effect on some drugs, as well as on infusion therapy. Diseases associated with the liver cause the development of coagulopathy. Information about infectious diseases, as a rule, is revealed when the patient is questioned. Neurological diseases and stroke can increase the re-education of stroke after surgery.

A medical examination, which is performed by patients before the operation, begins with an examination of the upper respiratory tract. After this, the specialist starts the diagnosis of the cardiovascular system by measuring blood pressure, auscultation of heart sounds, and peripheral pulse. Diagnosis of the lungs is to identify reactive diseases, as well as auscultation of wheezing. Diagnosis of the nervous system, as a rule, includes peripheral neuropathy and the study of the effect of concomitant diseases on the patient's body in the postoperative period.