Violation of the outflow of venous blood from the head

The complicated circulatory system is aimed both at supplying organs and tissues with nutrients and oxygen, and removing metabolites from them. The latter is provided by the venous system, in violation of which clinical manifestations of the difficulty of venous outflow of the brain are formed.

Briefly about the anatomy of

Blood flows off the surface and deep veins, which are located in the soft shell of the brain. Deeply located veins take metabolic products from white matter, ventricles, basal ganglia. Surface vessels remove blood from the cortex of the brain. The venous network, located in a hard shell, is formed from the veins and arterial vessels of this region.

The veins are sent to the vascular sinuses contained between the dural sheaths, among which are the sagittal, transverse and cavernous sinuses. All the blood collected in the cranial cavity flows out of it through the internal jugular, vertebral and emissary veins that are localized in the bones of the skull.

Important! Deterioration of venous outflow of the head is a fundamental factor in the development of most cerebral diseases.

Causes of symptom

With the exception of deterioration of venous outflow of the head as a primary pathology, the development of this symptom occurs in the following processes:

• neoplasm;
• infectious diseases( mycoplasmal infection);
• thrombosis of cerebral veins with or without inflammation;
• acute disorders of cerebral circulation, which resulted in cerebral edema;
• traumatic lesions of the abdomen and chest;
• osteochondrosis of the cervical vertebral column;
• autoimmune diseases( systemic scleroderma, vasculitis, etc.).

In addition to the above reasons, a bad outflow of venous blood from the head may occur due to a congenital peculiarity of the venous network or connective tissue dysplasia, for example, in the Marfan syndrome.

Clinic of the disease

Symptoms of venous outflow of the brain are manifested at a young age, mainly with the primary altered cerebral hemodynamics. The process is accompanied by the following manifestations:

• cephalgia( headache) is caused in this case by venous dyscirculation, increases with any movements;
• marked weakness and decreased performance, insomnia;
• noise or hum in the head, ears;
• cyanosis( cyanosis) of the nasolabial triangle;
• edema of the lower eyelids and face;
• numbness of the limbs;
• a feeling of discomfort in the eyes;
• syncopal episodes( periodic loss of consciousness).

Symptoms are most pronounced in the morning, and sleep with a high head slightly improves venous outflow from the brain. Visually a person manifests a "venous triad" - cyanosis of the skin, widening of the veins of the neck, which are directly under the skin, as well as swelling of the face in the morning. The widening of the veins of the fundus can often be diagnosed by an ophthalmologist.

Additional diagnostic methods include ultrasound diagnosis, craniotomy, CT or MRI, angiography of cerebral vessels. In addition, the conduct of ophthalmoscopy will determine the expansion of the veins of the fundus.

Treatment and prevention of

If you have a set of the above symptoms, you need to consult a neurologist who will tell the patient what it means - a complicated venous blood flow.

For this pathology, therapy should be comprehensive and cover the main factors of the pathogenesis of impaired cerebral hemodynamics. The goals of the treatment are:

• normalization of venous tone;
• prevention or elimination of inflammation;
• correction of microcirculatory disorders;
• increasing the capacity of the venous network.

The earliest treatment of the disease in the first stages is aimed at correcting the metabolic changes in neurons to prevent their death. To achieve a positive clinical effect requires the simultaneous use of several drugs from different pharmaceutical groups. Among these, use anticoagulants, drugs that affect the rheological properties of the blood and the tone of the veins. Finally, it should be said that timely detection and treatment of venous outflow of the brain can prevent the development of severe neurological deficit and chronic headache syndrome in patients.