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How are panic attacks manifested?

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Contents:

  • Causes of Panic Attacks
  • Symptoms of Panic Attacks
  • What are the Threats of Panic Attacks?

Symptoms of Panic Attacks Every day in their clinical practice, doctors face various manifestations of anxiety. Sometimes patients are diagnosed with signs of panic attacks. Naturally, anxiety for health and life is a normal and useful feeling. However, if anxiety develops into psychoemotional stress and panic attacks, you should contact specialists.

Subjectively, in a healthy person, anxiety is experienced as a temporary tension, a premonition. Such feelings do not disturb normal life activity. Pathological conditions include those anxiety conditions that seriously impair the quality of human life.

Causes of panic attacks

How do panic attacks manifest themselves? The clinical picture of pathological psychoemotional tension and anxiety is diverse and depends on provoking factors. Depending on the nature of the clinical picture, there are two types of anxiety:

  1. Paroxysmal.
  2. Constant.
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Why do panic attacks occur? Often seizures occur on a flat spot spontaneously. When a patient is questioned, it turns out that before the attack there was no physical or emotional strain. Sometimes a panic attack developed during sleep.

Often the patient has a pathological anxiety attack after conflicts, stress, hormonal adjustment, or hormone replacement therapy. Often, attacks are preceded by intoxication( panic attacks after alcohol, drug use, overheating in the sun).

Almost half of all patients suffer from vegetative-vascular dystonia or they abuse alcohol. Sometimes alcoholism is a secondary phenomenon, as some people drink to remove anxiety. As a rule, these patients develop latent alcohol dependence. On the one hand, the patient can not do without alcohol, on the other - blames himself for the negative social consequences after drinking. A panic attack with fear of death can develop against a background of a hangover.

In some cases, caffeine addiction, amphitamins, cocaine can provoke panic. Even during treatment for drug addiction or alcoholism during withdrawal( withdrawal symptoms), panic attacks occur.

Typically, panic attacks at night occur in people who are often stressed during their childhood. For example, the parents of the child left him alone in a dark room. In some cases, fear and heightened anxiety are assigned to a child whose family was a seriously ill person, who needed 24-hour care. Other reasons may include a parent's hyperopeak or, conversely, a complete lack of attention to the child.

Symptoms of Panic Attacks

How long a panic attack lasts depends on the patient's mental and physical condition. Usually a sudden onset of attack reaches its peak in 10 minutes and lasts up to an hour. However, in some cases, may last longer( especially with intoxication).

The main disorders during the attack include:

  1. Mental.
  2. Vegetative.

Vegetative disorders resemble symptoms of a vegetative crisis. The patient is disturbed by breathing( lack of air, shortness of breath).Usually patients describe such a condition as "intercepted the throat".During the attack, the patient will be in a panic to look for fresh air, run out into the street, open the windows. After the attack, a man says that he was afraid of dying of suffocation.

Before the attack, patients can yawn, constantly taking deep breaths. Because of hyperventilation, dizziness, pre-stupor, and sometimes convulsions begin. To the respiratory disorders may be associated with rhythm disturbance, anxiety and fear.

Other vegetative disorders include disruption of the cardiovascular system. The patient feels disruptions in the work of the heart, pain in the chest, imitating an attack of angina pectoris. Most attacks can be accompanied by increased pressure.

As a rule, all panic attacks are accompanied by dizziness, excessive sweating, trembling, hot flushes, cooling of the limbs, a violation of sensitivity. At the end of the attack, excessive urine( polyuria) is observed.

The rarer manifestations of autonomic disorders include disruption of the gastrointestinal tract. Attack can be accompanied by eructations, vomiting, pain in the abdomen.

Mental disorders include such secondary fears:

  • death;
  • disaster;
  • infarction or stroke;
  • go crazy.

In some cases, the attack takes place without obvious disturbances of the psychoemotional state. Other manifestations include:

  • feeling of "coma in the throat";
  • weakness in the limbs;
  • feeling of "faintness";
  • is a dreamlike state.

According to the dominant symptomatology, the following types of attacks are distinguished:

  • vegetative;
  • hyperventilation;
  • are fibrous;
  • affective( with obsessive disorders).

During a panic, some patients can moan, scream, rush. Others simply lie immobilized and are afraid to move. Many during the attack take various pills and call an ambulance.

Important! Long-term depression and fears can lead to alcoholism, drug addiction or lead to suicide.

What are the scares of panic attacks?

Consequences of panic attacks The consequences of panic attacks depend on the progression of a panic disorder. If a person does not seek help, initially "poor" seizures, can be transformed into panic attacks with unfolded symptoms, clearly expressed fears. This leads a person to depression, neuroses.

Despite the absence of any symptoms, a person can convince himself that he has an incurable disease( for example, a tumor) or he is on the verge of insanity. Such beliefs persist even after consultation with doctors.

The patient can relapse with a certain life situation( "anchoring"), which later becomes the trigger mechanism of the attack. For example, a patient begins to avoid being lonely, or is afraid to travel by public transport. All this causes irreparable damage to mental and physical health. A person leads a "sparing lifestyle", constantly afraid of something.

Patients develop fatigue, reduce concentration, increase sensitivity to various factors( weather change).Various phobias and anxiety persist in patients for life in half the cases. Only in 10% of cases there are persistent violations that lead to disability.

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