Dehydration Everyone is absolutely clear that water is the main source of vitality in the human body. And only the correct mode of drinking liquid, as well as maintaining the water balance at an appropriate level will allow you to fully feel yourself in shape.


A few words about the dehydration of

A similar phenomenon, also called dehydration, characterizes the acute shortage in the body of water. After all, it is it that allows to bring all the chemical and physiological processes in the human body back to normal.

In the case of a lack of such a nutrient element, various disturbances associated with the processes of water-electrolyte functioning can develop. At the base of each cell, brain hemispheres and blood enzymes is a liquid. If the level of its content is reduced, the phenomenon of blood clotting can be observed, as well as the body's work at the cellular level may be slowed down.

But the most dangerous condition for children. Since at the stage of growing up the mechanism of water exchange they have not yet come to a normal state, this makes it difficult for children to curb pathology. The risk of dehydration is also high among the elderly, because with the years of compensatory processes they are declining.

instagram viewer


The main causes of dehydration

Physicians noted several factors that may increase the risk of dehydration in humans. Let's try to highlight these reasons:

  • long exposure to the open sun, as a result - overheating and heat stroke;
  • provoking some diseases such as diuresis;
  • increased volume of fluid secreted by sweat glands;
  • decrease in the amount of water in the body due to stomach diseases - vomiting, diarrhea;
  • inadequate or unbalanced diet;
  • temperature changes due to fever;
  • increased urination in the case of diabetes, hypervitaminosis D, kidney disease, improper use of diuretics, addison's disease, etc.;
  • insufficient fluid intake.

According to the norm, human blood plasma should consist of 90% water. Condensation or lack of blood contributes to the narrowing of blood vessels and peripheral capillaries, manifesting, subsequently, in hemodynamic abnormalities( hypertension, hypotension, etc.).The problem can end in a lethal outcome, if the level of dehydration is very high.

The main symptoms of dehydration

One of the most common manifestations of dehydration is banal thirst. But it can not be considered the only symptom of the deviation, since sensations of this kind can be very conditional. Physicians are accustomed to divide this problem into three degrees. Let's talk about them in more detail:

1. The initial stage of dehydration( 1-1,5% of the total body weight).Here it is necessary to take a closer look at such symptoms as:

  • dryness in the oral cavity and sticky saliva;
  • acute thirst;
  • a decrease in the volume of urine with a gradual darkening of it.

2. Dehydration of medium degree( 6-10% of the total body weight).Determine this stage of dehydration is possible by the following factors:

  • rather high degree of thirst;
  • sensation of dryness in the eye area;
  • wrinkled skin;
  • sharp change in the emotional mood;
  • slight dizziness;
  • decrease in the amount of excreted urine with a change in its color to a brown hue;
  • sensation of cold in the limbs, as well as the presence of muscle cramps;
  • numbness of the skin.

3. Severe degree of dehydration( 11-20% of the total body weight).It is determined by the presence of such symptoms as:

  • is quite dizzy, regardless of the position taken( sitting or lying down);
  • involuntary behavior change( dispersion, causeless fear);
  • condition close to fainting( observed after 2 minutes after the person ascended);
  • feeling of weakness in the limbs during movement;
  • weak pulse or rapid breathing;
  • cold, sticky skin, in some cases on the contrary - dry and hot;
  • no urination for 12 hours;
  • occurrence of syncope.

It is worth remembering that the lack of water in the human body upon the occurrence of the last stage of dehydration may easily lead to death. This is why, when observing the above symptoms, it is highly recommended that you seek the assistance of competent persons in these matters.

Emergency care at the onset of dehydration

Each subsequent moment in anticipation of the arrival of doctors may cost the life of a person. Considering this fact, it is necessary to remember some basic rules of the first aid which can help the patient in a difficult situation.

So, the main task is to normalize the volume of fluid in the dehydrated organism. To do this, it will be necessary to give a drink of the victim's liquid, and in small sips. Excellent sports tonic, chilled juices, as well as ordinary water.

After this, it is necessary to try to cool the body by the following procedure:

  1. Undress the victim.
  2. Transfer it to a cool place, TENEK.
  3. Wrap the patient with a damp cloth and sit in a place where there is a cold flow of air.
  4. Try to avoid excessive hypothermia, so as not to provoke a narrowing of the capillaries.

If possible, it is recommended that the injured person be immediately delivered to the nearest medical facility. True reference points in this situation will serve as: confusion of the patient, pain in the abdomen and chest, seizures, headache, fainting, fever, etc.

Watching affected by dehydration

At the time of dehydration doctor is obliged to appoint a patient general analyzes on. The basis of which will determine the degree of threat to the body. Diagnosis of urine will show a decrease or increase in the specific volume of urine. A general blood test will report the level of plasma condensation and the number of red blood cells in the blood. Biochemical same indicators will show the number of electrolytic elements in the plasma.

Treatment of dehydration

The main goal of the treatment of the described disease is the restoration of the volume of fluid and blood in the body. Note that each degree of such disease requires a specific method of treatment.

Infusion therapy is a fairly simple and effective way to combat the disease. The essence of this technique is to feed the body with carbohydrate saturated liquids. With a mild dehydration stage, a similar medication is administered orally to the patient, otherwise - intravenously.

Improvement of the patient's condition may be the reason for his transfer from the hospital to the home hospital. But in the event that the victim is on the amendment very slowly, the doctor will have to leave him in the medical institution until the time of full recovery.

Preventive measures

Do you realize the consequences of dehydration may be more severe, and because in any case it is not necessary to expose your body in this test. To prevent the same disease, the following preventive measures can be advised:

  1. Always carry a bottle of water, especially when it's dry and hot in the yard.
  2. Make sure that your family and friends consume enough fluids per day.
  3. In summer, at extremely high temperatures, try not to load your body physically.
  4. Refuse to take alcoholic beverages in hot weather, because alcohol can dull the sensation of thirst.
  5. In arid and sunny days, wear light, lightweight clothes made of natural fabrics.
  6. Try to stay in the shade or be in a well-ventilated area.

I wish you good health!