Why is double in the eyes?

Why does it double in the eyes? This neurological symptom can be associated with damage to the visual centers in the brain, as well as with damage to the organs of vision and optic nerves themselves. Diplopia( double vision) occurs with intoxication, trauma. What causes a split in the eyes: neurology or problems with the refractory apparatus of the eye?

There are monocular and binocular diplopia. With monocular double vision, closing a healthy eye does not lead to the disappearance of diplopia. With binocular double vision, the symptom disappears. Perhaps as a double vision in the eyes horizontally, and vertically.

Causes of double vision in the eyes of

Doctors explain that double vision in the eyes can be a sign of some neurological pathologies or diseases of the organs of vision. Causes:

1. Corneal lesions, scar changes, drying( dry eye syndrome).
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2. Problems with the lens( dislocation, cataracts).
3. Astigmatism.
4. Neuropathy with intoxication with drugs, neurotoxic substances, alcohol.
5. Allergic Neuropathy.
6. Myasthenia gravis, diabetic neuropathy, multiple sclerosis, affecting the optic nerves.
7. Thyroid dysfunction.
8. Craniocerebral injury, stroke, brain tumor, optic nerves and their crosshairs.
9. Overstrain.

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Cornea and lens damage

The cornea is a normally transparent sheath covering the area above the iris. It plays a role in light refraction. In inflammation, damage during injury, the light refraction is disturbed. There is a double vision in one eye, the causes of which are in mechanical damage.

Dry eye syndrome is one of the causes of diplopia. It develops as a symptom of vitamin A deficiency( xerophthalmia), as well as a side effect of oral contraceptives. It can occur with a disease of the lacrimal glands in autoimmune lesions( Sjogren's disease), as well as in the blockage of lacrimal ducts, the presence of scar tissue that interferes with the outflow of fluid. As a result, double vision may occur.

The lens is a lens that changes the refractive power of light. It affects cataracts, injuries, dislocations caused by a congenital defect in the structure of the lens. The pathologies of this lens are also capable of inducing diplopia.

Problems of the peripheral nervous system and retina

Pathologies of the optic nerve are some of the causes of double vision. The second pair of cranial nerves is affected with:

• of diabetic neuropathy;
• myasthenia gravis;
• Multiple Sclerosis;
• intoxication;
• neuropathy caused by a deficiency of B vitamins.

Myasthenia gravis( muscle weakness), caused by a malfunction in the immune system, can affect the optic nerve and the muscles of the eye. Multiple sclerosis also affects the optic nerves that transmit signals from the eyes, while in the nerves are formed scars that interfere with the course of impulses. In this case, the symptom arises, as a rule, in both eyes.

Defeat of the retina occasionally causes doubling in the eyes, the reasons of which are the wrong signal transmission. Alcohol, mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, methyl alcohol can disrupt the activity of the peripheral nerves, which leads to bifurcation. With dysfunction of the thyroid gland, namely hypothyroidism, there is edema of the optic nerves.

CNS lesion

In the brain, occipital lobes are responsible for vision. They can be affected by tumors, craniocerebral trauma, vascular accidents( ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes).Doubling in the eyes of neurology explains the discrepancy in the adoption and integration of information coming from visual analyzers.

Important! When taking medication( anticonvulsant, cholinolytics and holinomimetiki), a bifurcation in the eyes is possible.

Treatment of diplopia

Diagnostics includes examination with an oculist, examination with a neurologist. If diplopia is caused by damage to the cornea of ​​the eye, the lens needs surgery. With cataracts or trauma of the lens, it is replaced by artificial or donor. Dry eye syndrome with Sjogren's syndrome, contraceptive use is corrected with preparations of artificial tears-drops. Deficiency of vitamin A is replenished with the help of Aevit capsules.

In neuropathies caused by vitamin deficiency, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, apply Neuromultivitis, Milgamma. With multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis, cholinergic drugs are used to fix the peripheral nerves: Neostigmine, Kalimin. For myasthenia grains, potassium supplements are used.

Diabetic neuropathy is the result of poisoning by toxic products of lipolysis. Therefore, in diabetes mellitus type 2, it is necessary to increase the sensitivity to insulin preparations Metformin, Glibenclamide. It is better to avoid eating such sweeteners as aspartame and sorbitol.

Important! Aspartame decomposes into methyl alcohol, which has a toxic effect on the nervous system, affecting the optic nerve. And sorbitol accumulates in the retina, causing a violation of its function.

Thyroid hypothyroidism, leading to optic nerve edema and dystonia, is corrected by substitution therapy with thyroid hormones: Bagotirox, Triiodothyronine.

In intoxications apply specific antidotes, chelating agents: tetacin-calcium, sodium thiosulfate, lipoic acid. To eliminate toxic substances, hydration therapy is used along with forced diuresis. An infusion of physiological solutions of sodium chloride and glucose with the drug Lasix( Furosemide) is carried out. In severe cases of poisoning apply peritoneal and hemodialysis.

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