Manifestations and complications of hypertensive crisis

The hypertensive crisis is a serious condition characterized by a significant increase in blood pressure and damage to a number of organs( brain, heart and kidneys).The causes of hypertensive crisis are different and, more often than not, depend on the individual characteristics of a person.

These include acute psychological stress, the use of large doses of alcoholic beverages and a number of drugs( clonidine, beta-adrenoblockers).In addition to these reasons, there are organic diseases that contribute to the emergence of this condition: Cushing's disease, vegetative-vascular dystonia, Page syndrome.

Important! As a rule, hypertensive crisis develops in patients with initially elevated blood pressure level and the diagnosis of hypertensive disease. Exceptions are extremely rare.

Clinical manifestations of the hypertensive crisis

Symptoms and consequences of hypertensive crisis pose a serious threat to the health of sick people, therefore, with any rise in blood pressure, it is necessary to contact your doctor for diagnostic purposes and treatment.

What pressure is indicated for hypertensive crisis? As a rule, arterial systolic pressure rises above 180, and, in some cases, it is the hypertensive crisis that can be the first clinical manifestation of hypertensive disease. There are characteristic signs of a hypertensive crisis:

• a sudden bursting headache;
• impaired consciousness( confusion, stupor, etc.);
• bleeding from the nose;
• feeling of general weakness, down to fainting;
• acute chest pain;
• psychoemotional agitation;
• convulsive syndrome;
• nausea and vomiting, not bringing relief;
• high figures of blood pressure( more than 180/120).

Signs of hypertensive crisis in men may include a so-called "silent" form, manifested only by weakness and minor headache. In this case, the fact of increasing pressure is detected by chance. Vertigo associated with head movements, or not associated with them, are characteristic signs of a significant increase in blood pressure. Symptoms of hypertensive crisis in men do not have any features.

Features of hypertensive crisis in women

It is often asked how the hypertensive crisis manifests in women? To answer it, it is worth noting that such a rise in blood pressure is characteristic for the postmenopausal period, which, first of all, is associated with a change in the hormonal background. Symptoms of hypertensive crisis in women are as follows:

• psychomotor agitation in the form of increased anxiety;
• appearance of cold sweat and goosebumps;
• hyperemia of facial skin;
• tachycardia and a feeling of your own heartbeat;
• tremor of the hands;
• feeling of lack of air and shortness of breath.

Very often, the first signs of a hypertensive crisis in women is the onset of headache and nausea. Pain syndrome increases with talking, moving head, coughing or sneezing. Characteristic of the occurrence of photophobia, a possible temporary deterioration of vision, which is associated with a violation of blood supply to the brain.

Complications of hypertensive crisis

Consequences of hypertensive crisis differ in the degree of their manifestations in the lungs, medium and heavy. First of all, they are associated with the defeat of a particular target organ( brain, heart or kidneys).In the most severe cases, a complex lesion is possible, manifested by extensive clinical symptoms. Characteristic symptoms of complications:

• acute pain syndrome behind the sternum, associated with impaired blood flow to the myocardium and the development of its ischemia or infarction;
• back pain associated with the formation of the aortic aneurysm, or its rupture;
• shortness of breath, with pulmonary edema and acute respiratory failure other causation;
• impairment of vision, consciousness and convulsive syndrome - manifestations of cerebral ischemia, ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, as well as encephalopathy.

As a rule, these symptoms are transient and disappear after a short period of time with the stabilization of the blood pressure level. However, in the case of the development of persistent organic pathology, life-threatening conditions may arise( myocardial infarction, acute respiratory and renal failure).

Hypertensive crisis - a serious clinical condition, accompanied by a significant increase in blood pressure and the development of lesions of various organs and systems. The possibility of severe complications, makes this problem especially urgent in modern medicine.