Cyclothemia

Cyclotemia is a mental disorder that belongs to the category of affective. This is a smoothed BAR, because affective fluctuations are much smaller in scope. Cyclotemia is quite different from this kind of affective disorder, because its characteristics are less bright. All the pathologies of this spectrum do not affect the intellect, allowing the individual to work adequately, but it takes a lot of effort to avoid periods of home reclamation.

Cyclotemia is not valid for disability, although it is sometimes difficult for individuals to cope with their lives. In addition, the surrounding depressive episodes are often perceived as laziness, which reduces pity for the patient.

What is cyclothymia?

The diagnosis of cyclothymia refers to affective varieties of MDP( manic-depressive psychosis).That's why it has similar characteristics, but with its own features told in the symptoms. Speaking about the cases of cyclothymia, it is worth noting its more frequent occurrence in women, and with seasonal peculiarities. Most often it worsens in the autumn-spring period, and with an enviable periodicity.

The diagnosis of cyclothymia was born in the 19th century, when a lot of famous Kalbaum used this term. He described to them fluctuations in the nervous tone, which was subsequently selected by Krepelin and improved to a TIR, but not a classical one.

Cyclotemia is a separate diagnostic unit located in ICD 10 under the code F 34.0.This number is one in his group and, naturally, belongs to mood disorders. This form also refers to the endogenous spectrum of affective disorders, but this is a controversial statement due to the multifactorial nature of this kind of disorders.

The causes of cyclothymia are very versatile, but their study requires even more attention and professional staff, since there are too few reliable facts. There are different groups of scientists: adherents of endogenous or exogenous origin of the disease. In general, the arguments about the genetic adherence of pathology are available, but a specific gene in the genome is not found, therefore it is generally accepted that a group of genes associated with neurotransmitters is involved. This pathology has a polygenic nature and heredity is most often traced in female generations.

The causes of cyclothymia do not have obvious organic sources, that is, the organic pathology of the brain is more often excluded. The cause of cyclothymia, a kind of trigger is usually a stressor, but still there must be a suitable personality type, then the pathology develops, superimposed on the personality type. The causes of cyclothymia also include the characteristics of incorrect education, the type of family idol, hyper- or hypo -opea. Very dangerous is also the dual education, when the child is not able to anticipate the actions of the parents, being in constant fear because of the expectation of the unpleasant. It is especially dangerous if it is the same parent who does not know how to behave in the hands. The causes of this disease also include hormonal disorders associated with the work of the adrenal glands and thyroid gland. In this regard, dangerous cortisol - a stress hormone that translates the body into stress for mobilization.

The diagnosis of cyclothymia is more often exhibited at a young able-bodied age, it affects, in fact, the entire population. This pathology has a considerable prevalence( up to 4.5%), which significantly exceeds other affective groups.

Symptoms of cyclothymia

The diagnosis of cyclothymia has clear criteria for ICD, which are also taken into account in describing the symptoms, in particular, it is a genetic predisposition. The main thing in diagnosis is the detection of opposite subclinical states of hypo- and hypertimia, when the phases flow, gradually replacing one another.

Subdepressive phase is characterized by subclinical persistent decline in mood, motor and associative inhibition. Sadness becomes the main condition, which simply can not but affect the general state of health. The so-called vital energy is irresistibly falling, working capacity is approaching the zero mark, which affects the work, during this period the individual risks being fired. This will further plunge him into an abyss of stress and lack of money. This period is very decadent for creative people, which greatly affects their lives, depriving them of the ability to create. Positive emotions for such individuals in this phase are difficult to access, they have absolutely no inspiration.

Life as a whole just passes by, not bringing any satisfaction, no excitement. The so-called, anhedonia - a satellite of subdepression in cyclothymia. At the same time self-esteem is naturally omitted and this leads to social fencing. To the commoner such an individual may seem to be a pessimist, with an inadequate, sometimes even bifurcated ambivalent assessment of the past. Sleep is often depressed, the regime changes, while at night the sleep is bad, and the day is completely unproductive. Memory decreases due to deterioration of attention and returns to normal when changing phases. Atypical cyclothymia can have atypical subdepression in its composition, then there are also ideas of a negative spectrum, and unpleasant feelings pushing towards suicide.

Hypomania manifests itself in the opposite spectrum of emotions, which is much more to the liking of the patient. The mood is stably excellent, while it does not depend on the changes in the situation, because it does not always look adequate. Labor productivity and creative actions during this period are very inspiring and in general everything goes "clock-wise".This condition is excellent for individuals who need a slight push for creativity and work. But everything is not so rosy, because the constant hypomania depletes the strength of the organism, exhausting the individual. The more the expression of hypomania, the greater the capacity for work, but the activity becomes barren and not purposeful. Self-esteem is oppositely high, one can say absurdly off scale. All events are evaluated optimistically indiscriminately. Increased instincts that disinhibited the intimate sphere, as well as appetite. The distance is lost, which leads to unnecessarily familiar communication. The social sphere of contacts is greatly expanding. Patients are prone to insomnia, sleep a little, but do not experience fatigue. Atypical cyclothymia in its composition can have atypical hypomania with ideas of gathering, religiosity, and dromomania. Also, atypical cyclothymia may manifest itself not by the corresponding irritability and anger. For such individuals, dependent behavior is very characteristic.

Treatment of cyclotymia

Cyclothyroidism is curable, and very good. In this pathology the main thing is to select effective drugs, regardless of their number and price.

It is worthwhile to apply the treatment posindromno to exclude major changes in phases. To avoid inversion, that is, a sharp change in hypomania for subdepression and vice versa, it is necessary to apply normotimics. These drugs are mood stabilizers, they keep the individual within normal limits, contributing to an adequate state and perception of the environment. Such properties are owned by a considerable number of drugs, in particular, mineral salts. This is the oldest group of normotimics, which has a considerable amount of "pobochki" and is contraindicated in fertile women who want to conceive, but this is an excellent preparation for age patients, given the cheapness. It can be lithium preparations, in the application of which it is very important to monitor its blood level: Litosan, Lithium chloride and others. Similar action is available for Rubidium Chloride and Cesium Chloride, but these preparations are not described in the official pharmacopeia.

Anticonvulsants from several groups also have normotypic activity and are well used: Valproates and Valproic Acid, Oxacarbazepine, Carbamazepine, Lamatridine, Topiramate, Gabapentin. Depakin and Depakin Chrono are also effective.

Many atypical antipsychotics have similar activity and are effective in hypomania. The highest evidence in this respect is Risperidone, Rispaksol, Rispaksol konsta. But also a similar action is in Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Clozapine.

In some cases, not entirely psychiatric drugs may be effective, and cardiac agents may be calcium channel antagonists: Verapamil, Nifedipine, Nimodipine. In case of problems with the thyroid gland, it is not necessary to rush with the prescriptions of psychiatric drugs, hormones for replacement will suit: Triiodothyronine, L-thyroxine, but only with the hormonal etiology.

In addition to funds with a normotimic effect, antidepressants are necessary, but only in the subdepressive phase: Amitriptyline, Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Fluanxol, Finlepsin. Atypical cyclothymia is stopped with the use of neuroleptics and requires in-patient care.

It is very important to use all the components of health, to apply labor and psychotherapy, as well as physical activities that contribute to the synthesis of serotonin, an important hormone for happiness. The individual is important to use in his own cure, only then the effect will be long, do not rely only on tablets.

The

cyclotymia test The medicine is increasingly looking for evidence, which is why pathologies are not based on commonplace guesses, but are based on clear diagnostic criteria. There are a lot of special psycho-tests for cyclotimia, which do not expose the diagnosis in isolation, but in complex diagnostics will help to establish the correct diagnosis. The same tests for cyclothymia are available in the public domain. It is also important to consider heredity, it will also contribute to the diagnosis. In addition, the test-diagnostic allows to determine the degree and conduct dynamic observations at the beginning of treatment. This helps to improve the situation, as the dynamics become visible to the patient himself. This motivates him to follow-up treatment. Naturally, it is important to apply a suicidal scale in order not to miss the propensity to suicide. A scale of anxiety( situational and personal) according to Spielberger will reveal the anxiety level of an individual with cyclothymia.

Atypical cyclothymia requires additional conversations to identify unnecessary thoughts that need to be docked. I must say that the best tester of this pathology will be a professional psychiatrist. Depressive scales for Beck and Haniman are also used, which demonstrate the severity of depression. For the ICD, there are special test questionnaires for both phases: subdepression, and hypomania. Depending on the type of cyclothymy, testing is slightly modified, with the vital we are interested in hereditary aspects, with apathetic aspects - working aspects, and with anesthetic the most important are the complaints.