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What is leukocytospermia and how to treat it?

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What is leukocytospermia? The sperm normally contains a small amount of white blood cells( 6-8 in the field of vision or in 1 μl - 1000 white blood cells).These white blood cells are responsible for protecting the body from pathogenic microflora. Their number is significantly increased in infectious and inflammatory processes. In this case, is diagnosed with leukocytospermia( leukospermia, pyrospermia) when examining the ejaculate.

Contents

  • 1 Causes of leukocytospermia
  • 2 How is the diagnosis performed?
  • 3 Leukocytospermia and male infertility
  • 4 Treatment of leukocytospermia

Reasons for leukocytospermia

Increased content in leukocyte sperm occurs due to:

  • orchitis;
  • prostatitis;
  • of cystitis;
  • of urethritis;
  • of vesiculitis;
  • STIs( sexually transmitted infections).
Pyospermia is not an independent disease. The high content of leukocytes in the sperm testifies to the defeat of the genitourinary system.

How is the diagnosis carried out?

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An increased number of leukocytes is detected during a macroscopic examination of the sperm. Spermogram can show leukocytospermia if the patient is not properly prepared for the analysis. For the study to yield accurate results it is necessary: ​​

  1. Refrain from sexual intercourse for at least 3-5 days, but not more than a week. This is done to prevent leukocytes from entering the sperm from the vagina.
  2. Notify doctor if any medicines have been used.
  3. Collect seminal fluid in special glass sterile, tightly closing beads, but not in a condom.
  4. Deliver material to the laboratory for 30 minutes. And to collect ejaculate better in the morning.
  5. Perform hygienic procedures, since leukocytes from the urethra can enter the sperm.

See details "Preparation for spermogram delivery".

Initially, the ejaculate is thick. To study it, it should become less viscous. Usually sperm liquefies after 30-60 minutes. If this does not happen, add special enzymes( trypsin).During liquefaction, the seminal fluid is constantly mixed with a mixer to mix blood.

Be sure to pay attention to the color of the ejaculate. In the inflammatory process, sperm has a yellowish or greenish color due to the increased amount of neutrophils.

The laboratory test is carried out using special test strips. The ejaculate is applied to the diagnostic zone and the color change is observed:

  1. Grayish-lilac color indicates normal leukocyte count. It appears gradually, within 2 minutes.
  2. Bright coloring occurs instantly and speaks about the increased content of leukocytes.

Calculation of leukocytes and determination of the number of spermatozoids are carried out in Goryaev's chamber.

In an acute process, only neutrophils are detected in the sperm. In the chronic course of the disease,

  • macrophages appear;
  • monocytes;
  • plasma cells.

If the disease is complicated by an allergic reaction, eosinophils are found in the sperm.

Leukocytospermia and male infertility

Leukocytospermia in 38% of cases is one of the causes of male infertility. The negative influence is exerted by:

  • pathogenic microorganisms;
  • toxins produced by infection;
  • increased body temperature.

Because of the infectious process, especially chronic, the hemato-cerebral barrier is damaged and autoimmune aspermogenesis develops.

The toxins produced by pathogenic microflora cause a disturbance of spermatogenesis and pathogenically affect testicular function.

Oxygen radicals produced by leukocytes also have a negative effect. They are necessary for the destruction of the infection, but their excessive amount has a destructive effect on spermatozoa.

Leukocytospermia is a signal for conducting a microbiological study. For treatment, it is necessary to establish a causative agent that caused an increased content of leukocytes in the sperm, and to conduct appropriate therapy.

Treatment of leukocytospermia

In order to be cured of leukocytospermia, an infection that causes an inflammatory disease of the genitourinary system must be destroyed:

  • bacteria;
  • viruses;
  • chlamydia;
  • microscopic fungi;
  • mycoplasma, etc.

To detect the causative agent of pathology, bacteriological culture is carried out. And only after that medications that affect this strain of the microorganism are prescribed:

  1. Penicillins, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins. They have bactericidal action.
  2. Macrolides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol. They act on bacteria, suppress the synthesis of ribosomes, especially during the period of reproduction of microorganisms. They are prescribed for the destruction of chlamydia, mycoplasma.
  3. B-lactam antibiotics are prescribed in combination with B-lactamase inhibitors. These drugs are the least toxic, but have a wide range of effects.
  4. Polymyxins, antifungal agents. Affect the cell membranes of microorganisms.
  5. Inhibitors of the synthesis of nucleic acids( rifampicin, quinolone) are effective for the treatment of diseases caused by chlamydia, mycoplasma, ureaplasma.
  6. Sulfonamides, trimethoprim-containing preparations - for the treatment of chlamydosis.

Also recommended for the treatment of leukocytospermia:

  • immunomodulators;
  • vitamins( see "Vitamins necessary for successful conception to a man");
  • physiotherapy.

Surgical methods are necessary for abscess, phlegmon, empyema.

Mandatory restorative treatment. It is necessary to refrain from smoking and drinking alcohol. Patients are advised to do daily gymnastics to increase muscle tone( see "Exercises for morning exercises for men").

The food should be regular. Be sure to use:

  • vegetable oil;
  • fresh vegetables and fruits;
  • foods rich in protein.

If a high white blood cell count is found in the spermogram, treatment should be started immediately. After all, this indicates the presence of an infectious-inflammatory process, which leads to a violation of the reproductive function. Therapeutic course appoints andrologist, urologist, venereologist( if the disease is caused by STI).

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