Imbecility
Implicability is one of the types of oligophrenia, which has several of its subspecies and its characteristics, having diagnostic value. Such persons are at an intermediate stage of oligophrenia and are very poorly able to adapt in the society.
This pathology is classified by honey. Classifier ICD 10 and is an innate pathological manifestation of mental retardation. Both Φ 71 and Φ 72 belong to imbecility, since there are two forms.
The diagnosis of imbecility has simple criteria that are set when determining intelligence and adaptive skills in a socio-population environment. These people require detailed supervision, but they have the ability to acquire the most basic skills. They are not subject to many things: training, even with special conditions and labor, even simplified activities.
Imbecility: what is it?
Imbecilism, unlike other pathologies of this series, is of Latin origin from the word "imbecilicus", which denotes weakness or infirmity. This degree of mental retardation is average, that is, an intermediate oligophrenia. It is a manifestation of dementia, which occurs due to a variety of factors. This is dementia, which is an underdevelopment of the mind. It always manifests itself in the first years because of the delay in the development of the mind.
This is a relatively rare form, because it is less often easy. This pathology manifests itself in less than half of a percent of the total population. Imbecilism is very bright and has many psychopathological manifestations. Particularly suffering person psyche, but their emotions are differentiated and more obvious, which contributes to the creation of elementary family ties. By virtue of their desire to imitate, patients are able to fall into bad companies and commit crimes, they are easily persuaded and susceptible to someone else's influence. With the wrong, especially over aggressive education can do a lot of harm, because they have enough strength and poorly controlled behavior. They may not obey, but never violate the orders of authoritarian people for them. They can be dangerous even with good motives. They need to accurately deny their requests, because they are easily affectable and are capable of causing harm. Do not argue with them, proving something or trying to force, force to something. It is better to bring up obedience from the beginning. Their manifestations of love can also be dangerous, especially for children. They can hug too much. The intellect in this pathology ranges from 20-25 to 50, is determined by a special test of the Wexler questionnaire or by the progressive matrices of Raven.
Among the entire proportion of oligophrenic such patients are one quarter. But the population spread does not exceed 4 persons per 10 000 population. A special characteristic of a whole series of these diseases is that the person is not able to progress. Only a charlatan can promise to relatives that it will raise the intellect of the child to a normal level. Only elementary education is possible.
Easy imbecility allows a person basic work skills in terms of work at home.
Expressed imbecility is close to idiocy, but it allows you to teach self-service skills, which makes life easier for relatives. So personas needs a guardian and at the country level, the payment is made for the group and for the guardianship, independent life is not shown to them.
Causes of Impedance
The etiology of imbecility, like the whole series of oligophrenia, is very diverse. Formation is possible in utero, with adverse effects on the prospective mother, it can often be serious infections. In this regard, the risk of TORCH infections, to which belong toxoplasma and other protozoa, cytomegaloviruses, as well as herpes viruses, as well as all known children's diseases - rubella. On the mother, as many toxins as well as radiation are also less damaging. In this regard, gamma and X-ray rays, various iodine contrast studies, as well as many types of isotope anticancer irradiation are especially harmful. Pathological management of life, the intake of toxins, especially narcotics or alcohol dependence, immediately affects the embryo through the placental barrier. Of drugs, especially dangerous cytostatics, many hormones, in particular SCS, as well as antibiotics, antihelminthic, anesthetic drugs and NSAIDs. Toxicomania or poisoning with heavy metals is a dangerous pathology. Abnormal diet, especially food kinks, veganism and raw food rations, as well as a shortage of micro and ultramicroelements can lead to significant mental disabilities and underdevelopment of the body.
Initial imbecility is possible, for example, in mutational processes and chromosomal abnormalities, especially with trisomy over certain chromosome pairs. They are able to be detected both in somatic chromosomes, and in intimate ones, associated with the formation of sex, which, as a rule, gives a very polymorphic symptomatology with various inclusions. This is a kind of hereditary factor, it is possible to transfer by inheritance, both as a dominant manifestation and more often as a recessive one.
The diagnosis of imbecility can manifest itself when injured intraperitoneally, and sometimes both antenatal and intranatal. Therefore, you need to protect your mother before and during childbirth, and the baby then three more years. After all at this time the formation of the nervous system is the most sensitive and can lead to huge deviations. Especially dangerous are traumatic obstetric methods, such as extruding the fetus, applying forceps or applying a vacuum extractor. Often the disease develops in a variety of pathologies of obstetrics, such as rapid delivery or bad bouts. Many pathologies after birth with enzymatic deficiency can lead to mental retardation.
Symptoms and signs of imbecility
The characteristics of imbecility are quite typical. Often patients have a neurological vivid symptomatology, which is manifested by paralytic manifestations and paresis. Often there may be a sensitivity disorder. The nerves of the cranium and even loss of work in cortical centers and various analyzer systems can be affected. With imbecility, defects in physical data can often be manifested, especially when there are a variety of chromosomal diseases. This is a special eye planting, deformed ears or skull, various defects of the jaw, teeth and any physical deviations. The presence of external vices does not relieve from problems with internal organs, often there are heart defects, various stigmas of disembryogenesis, there may be slight twisting of the bile and the like. All this naturally hinders the adequate healthy work of the organs, breaking it often to a large extent.
The characteristic of imbecility is the presence and manifestation of normal physical acts, which manifest themselves in elementary reflex actions. Patients distinguish edible, show emotions, can distinguish relatives.
The characteristic of imbecility is earlier lagging behind other children. It appears early and is easily detected when the child is properly examined. At the same time, there are problems with the speech device, children are able to pronounce simple, often designated subject words. It is possible to teach them to read very small texts in several sentences with proper education. The speech is monosyllabic, the patients do not understand the various turns, the portable meaning, they do not abstract or generalize, they do not build a speech, they do not speak with sentences. If neglected, they may not speak at all. Memory is greatly reduced, like intelligence. It splashes out in the complexities of elementary memorization. They can master the account, but they consider only specific items, money, whereas the abstract bill, the multiplication table for them is not available.
The diagnosis of imbecility suggests a very easy suggestibility and leads to pronounced problems with the law when getting into a bad company. More often with medical-psychiatric examination, they are also subject to compulsory treatment if their behavior can be menacing. The attention is easily distractable and in general it is very difficult to interest them in any way. Easily exposed to emotional affect and can harm others. Self-service is performed, but with the help of others. They can eat, do simple homework, they do not perceive the surrounding novelty.
Implications degree
Imbecility is an intermediate stage of oligophrenia. In this case, this pathology itself has several subtypes, which depends on the level of intelligence. As a rule, people with such an obvious mental problem have a group on the disease, that is, a disability, usually the second group and registration of guardianship for incapacity. Although this is imbecile, but these people are very different in their characterological characteristics.
Easy imbecility , its more typical name is moderate, has intellectual boundaries according to Wechsler's test from 35 points to 50. Thinking in all imbeciles is crude-specific and objective. But still the skills of the self-drive are preserved, which is already good. They are taught to read the simplest phrases, they are able to count on the fingers, but for them any intellectually - mnesticheskie load is quite difficult. They do not associate or analyze, they are always concrete, they do not abstract, they can not designate the portable allegorical meaning of any phrases, including sentences. Grammatical sentences are violated, can be aggressive and strong, especially under the influence of bad individuals. The stock of words is very meager. Great difficulties with fine motor skills, very clumsy. Usually there are additional neurologic manifestations, as well as problems with convulsive readiness. Easily autosed and locked in themselves, but not because of the rich inner world, but because of the meager stock of words and inability to talk.
The pronounced imbability of has all the disadvantages of the previous kind to its degree, but the intellect according to Wechsler is below 35, but not below 20, which borders on idiocy. In this form, moreover, more expressed difficulties in self-care, as well as neurological aggravation. It often comes down to paresis and paralysis. The motor is significantly deteriorated, which leads to expressive problems with self-propulsion, even in light details. The level of the vocabulary is equal to the 6-year-old native speaker, but the grammatical structure is much worse. For such individuals, care for life, they are not fit for life on their own.
Treatment of Imbecility
The pharmacotherapy of imbecility is aimed at enhancing the intellectual and mental level, as well as coping with a host of accompanying problems. Very important in such pathologies due care, which prevents many complications, in particular infections. For proper cupping, you need to take into account the age range, the attendant problems. Topical application of neurometabolites for nutrition of brain tissues. Dehydratants are often used, among them diuretics, a salt-free and low-water diet, which reduces convulsive activity. Tranquilizers, as well as small antipsychotics in their application are characteristic for behavioral disorders. Anticonvulsants and normotimics are used to improve well-being, for example, Diazepam, Seduxen, Haloperidol, Solian, Depakin, Valproate. Antidepressants are also important in a separate clinic: Amitriptyline, Parocetine, Fluoxetine. Common restorative and adaptogenes, excellent tincture, Ginseng, vitamin complexes, and also Adaptol.
Better course methods of treating imbecility with hospitalization up to three times per year. It is important to achieve a stable adaptation of imbecile. Family work with a psychologist to adapt others.
With pedagogically and psychologically verified approaches it is possible to adapt the individual and reduce hospitalization to a minimum, the main thing is not to cultivate aggressiveness in it.
