Ileus

Description

Ileus is a functional paralytic disorder of the small intestine. Has an innate or acquired character. It can be acute or chronic, depending on the clinical course. A complete and partial ileus is distinguished. It depends on the degree of closure of the digestive tube.

Causes of

Various forms of ileus are caused by certain causes:

• Spastic obstruction. Appears due to a sufficiently strong spasm of the intestines, which is caused by mechanical action or painful irritation. This can be with a bruised stomach, helminthic invasion, hip fracture, acute pancreatitis, renal colic and other pathologies that affect the intestine. Spastic intestinal obstruction can be caused by dysfunction of the nervous system. This is more often with ischemic stroke or head injury. In children, spastic obstruction is very rare, usually with helminthic invasion.
• Paralytic Intestinal Obstruction. This type of ileus develops with peritonitis due to intestinal paralysis, food poisoning or morphine and metal poisoning.
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• Mechanical obstruction. Occurs when there is an obstruction in the lumen of the intestine. It can be a tumor, a cluster of helminths, a foreign body, fecal stones.
• Strangulation intestinal obstruction. It is observed when the hernia is infringed, as well as by turning the intestines.

To the development of the disease lead and adhesive processes in the intestinal tract, thrombosis of the arteries, severe spinal injury, abdominal surgery, peritonitis, lack of blood potassium.

Predisposing factors in the development of ileus are congenital and acquired changes in the peritoneum. This excessive mobility of the intestines due to their excessive length, megasigma( expansion) and other defects.

Symptoms of

All types of intestinal obstruction are characterized by general symptoms:

• Severe abdominal pain( in the abdomen);
• Long stool retention;
• Frequent nausea and vomiting;
• Delay for the escape of gases.

Pain in Ileus is usually cramping and strong enough. During the attack symptoms of pain shock( pale skin, cold sweat, tachycardia, hypotension) are noticeable.

If there is an obstruction of the small intestine, vomiting often occurs. Sometimes there is a presence of intestinal contents in the vomit. Asymmetry of the abdomen is also a sign of ileus.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of ileus includes:

• Visual inspection of the patient;
• Palpation;
• Radiography of the abdominal cavity;
• Colonoscopy;
• ultrasound.

Treatment of

Intestinal obstruction - a very dangerous condition. Help even with the first symptoms should be provided by a gastroenterologist or proctologist.

Before the arrival of the doctor, the patient must lie down, putting cold on the abdomen. Take food can not. Contraindicated in the use of pain medications, laxatives. And also applying a warmer to the problem area of ​​the stomach.

Treatment begins with the elimination of the pain syndrome and replenishment of the body fluid, which is lost when vomiting. Elimination of an acute condition is spent in a hospital.

At the initial stage, treatment is limited to the introduction of antispasmodics, relaxing the muscle wall. The gastrointestinal tract is released from food residues using a probe( upper section) and a siphon enema( lower section).

Spasmolytic and intestinal stimulants are used. A correction of the water-electrolyte balance is often required.

If conservative therapy is ineffective, then surgical intervention is required. The operation is also indicated for peritonitis. The operation involves resection of necrosis( dead) parts of the intestine.

Folk remedies

Ileus is a serious disease and should be treated under the supervision of a doctor. Treatment with folk remedies is only possible as an auxiliary.

You can use the following recipes:

1. Infusion of beets. Beetroot pour water, bring to a boil, insist 3 hours. Next, infuse the filter, add sugar and yeast. Leave the mixture for 24 hours. Drink infusion daily in any volumes.
2. Half a gram of sink pour 1 liter of water, pour out for an hour, cool and drink as a laxative for half a cup 3 times a day.
3. Dry fruits are useful. Raisins, plums, apricots, figs take 10 pieces( without pits), pour boiling water, rinse. Then pass through the meat grinder and add honey. Take before breakfast for half an hour to 1 tablespoon.
4. Fennel broth. On a glass of boiling water take a teaspoon of fennel, insist 30 minutes. The agent will quickly help to normalize intestinal peristalsis.

Complications of

Intestinal obstruction in the absence of medical care leads to the development of peritonitis and necrosis of the intestine.

Prevention

Ileus prophylaxis includes the following activities:

• Timely diagnosis;
• Screening of intestinal neoplasms;
• Resection of tumors;
• Prevention of helminth infestations,
• Prevention of abdominal trauma;
• HLS, balanced diet.