15th week of pregnancy: how does mom and baby feel?

15th week of pregnancy usually passes for a woman favorably.Nausea and constant weakness is no longer there, the stomach is still small, so nothing prevents the expectant mother from being active and cheerful.The kid also feels well, he continues to grow and develop - every day in a small body there are serious changes.

Table of contents: Sensations of the mother at 15 weeks of pregnancy External changes of the pregnant woman at week 15 Babe at 15 weeks of gestation Surveys at week 15 of pregnancy Possible complications and problems Nutrition at 15 weeks of gestation Medication acceptance by future moms

Mom sensations at 15 weeksPregnancy

Usually, the 15th week of pregnancy is characterized by a surge of strength and energy. However, it does not do without small troubles:

• Zalochnosti nasal( it's a runny nose, but one can not rule out a cold).
• Discomfort in the pelvic region, abdomen or loin.A slight soreness is permissible, if the pain is aggravated, you should immediately consult a doctor.
• Weakness, headache, dizziness, which can be due to lower blood pressure.

At the 15th week of pregnancy, the formation of the placenta - a child's place is coming to an end.This body performs a number of important functions:

• Helps enrich the child's blood with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from it.
• Provides the fetus with nutrients.
• Displays waste products from the baby's blood.
• Synthesizes the hormones necessary for the normal course of pregnancy.
• Protects the fetus from the effects of harmful substances.

The pregnant womb continues to grow at the same rate as the baby.Its bottom is already located in the abdominal cavity, and the doctor can find it.In addition, the body of a woman even more increases the volume of circulating blood( approximately 20%), so the load on the heart and kidneys is greatly increased.Also, the hormonal background is gradually changing - the concentration of the chorionic gonadotropin is decreasing.

External changes of the pregnant woman at week 15

The abdomen and mammary glands continue to grow in size.If a woman waits for twins, the roundness of the abdomen can no longer be hidden from others. Pigmentation of the body and face of intensifies - pigmentation spots appear, darken the nipples even more.The moles grow in size, new nevuses are formed.They need to be monitored for their changes, but it's not worth worrying about, after birth, birthmarks tend to return to their original state.

The total weight gain of a pregnant woman may reach 3-3.5 kg by the end of the 15th week. Now every visit to the gynecologist the expectant mother will be weighed.Controlling weight gain is an important part of monitoring the course of pregnancy.A bad sign is that there is too much or too little weight gain.

Babe at week 15 of pregnancy

Fetal calf becomes more proportionate and similar to the newborn's corpuscle, however, until the baby is born, it is still necessary to grow at least 4-5 times and properly store the subcutaneous fat.Now its weight is on the average 30-50 g, and the height is 10-11 cm.

The development of all internal organs of the fetus continues:

• The cerebral cortex and the pituitary gland grow.
• The endocrine system is activated( the boy starts to develop the main male hormone - testosterone).
• Become functionally active sweat and sebaceous glands.
• The activity of the digestive organs is improved.
• Becomes more sensitive hearing baby.
• The retina of the eyes of crumbs can already perceive light.

Surveys at week 15 of pregnancy

If pregnancy occurs without complications, at week 15, a woman can rest - no examinations are conducted.Only before the next visit to the doctor it is necessary to hand over the general analysis of urine .

For mothers with a first blood group and / or a negative Rhesus factor( if the father has a positive Rh factor, second, third or fourth blood group), another analysis will be added - the determination of specific antibodies - hemolysins in the blood.This study should be done once a month.

At the 15th week of pregnancy the doctor can already feel the patient's uterus through the anterior abdominal wall. The height of the standing of the uterine fundus( VDM) at this time should be 14-15 cm. The gynecologist will each time measure this parameter by applying one end of the measuring tape to the upper border of the pubic bone, and the second - to the bottom of the uterus.By the value of VDM the doctor can judge whether the rate of growth of the uterus( respectively, the fetus) corresponds to the period of pregnancy.

Possible complications and problems

At week 15, a future mother may face a new problem - varicose veins. Varicosity can occur both on the legs and in the genital area.The reason for this is the compression of the enlarged uterus of venous vessels.The longer the gestation period, the more compression becomes more pronounced.If the future mother suffered from varicose veins earlier, pregnancy can significantly aggravate the course of this ailment.

Another possible complication of the 15th week is hemorrhoids .Women with constipation are especially inclined to it.Frequent straining in the toilet and the release of solid stools contribute to the fact that the hemorrhoidal veins increase, become inflamed and bleed.However, not only constipation causes hemorrhoids.His role is played out and stagnation of blood in the pelvic region, which arises from the squeezing of the vessels by the uterus, and a lack of calcium.Calcium deficiency also causes all sorts of problems with teeth and seizures in calves.

In addition, due to physiological changes occurring in the body, the future mother may exacerbate chronic heart and kidney disease .It is advisable for such pregnant women not only to go to the gynecologist, but also to visit the therapist on a regular basis.

With increasing uterus and weight, the load on the spine increases.Therefore, many future mothers are concerned about pain in the back of the , especially after a long stay on their feet.To facilitate the condition will help comfortable shoes and a special supporting bandage for the abdomen.You can buy such a bandage already at week 15, as it is very easily regulated as the abdomen grows.

Nutrition at week 15 of pregnancy

Nutrition of the expectant mother at any time of pregnancy should provide both her and the baby with everything necessary. It is especially important that in the diet of women in sufficient quantities were proteins - they are the main building material for the human body. In addition, you should not forget about vitamins, minerals and polyunsaturated fatty acids.All these substances are required for the full development of the fetus and the well-being of the mother.

Nutritionists recommend pregnant women:

• Daily eat meat( at least 200 g) and dairy products, as the main sources of protein.
• At least 2 times a week to eat fish( preferably oily, because it has useful omega acids).
• Every day eat 0.5-0.6 kg of vegetables and 0.3 kg of fruit.
• Regularly eat cereals.
• Limit the amount of sweets and flour dishes in the diet.They are the source of light carbohydrates, which cause excessive weight gain by future moms.
• Discard semi-finished products, fast food, chips, crackers and other "harmfulness"

Depending on the condition of a woman, a doctor can correct her diet.For example, in case of anemia, recommend foods that have more iron, and if there are obvious signs of a lack of calcium, include the sources of this important mineral in the daily menu.

Taking medicines by expectant mothers

A pregnant woman can only take medications prescribed by a doctor. Neither cold, nor runny nose, nor thrush, nor any other diseases should be treated independently.Most of the components of medicines penetrate the hematoplacental barrier and harm the baby.

Important: future mothers should remember that food additives( BAA), herbal teas, all kinds of herbal tinctures, traditional medicine can be dangerous for the fetus.

If a gynecologist prescribes a medicine, it is necessary to strictly adhere to its dosage, even if it is a question of vitamin-mineral complexes.When pregnancy is very important, because any mistake can have very serious consequences.

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Zubkova Olga Sergeevna, medical reviewer, epidemiologist