Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle

Cyanosis is accompanied by the fact that the mucous membranes and the skin becomes cyanotic. With cyanosis, hemoglobin is increased, which is why capillary blood becomes dark. Cyanosis is a kind of symptom that occurs with diseases accompanied by an increase in hemoglobin in the blood with 3-valent iron. In most cases, cyanosis is due to the fact that the blood increases the reduced hemoglobin( ie hemoglobin, which lost oxygen and the compound in CO2) to 50 g / l, and in some cases even more. The norm in this case is up to 3 g / l. This pathology is sometimes found in congenital abnormal forms of hemoglobin. Sometimes it develops due to the formation of sulphoglobin in the blood, which is caused by poisoning with aniline derivatives, sulfonamides, nitrates. The cause may also be absorption in cholera, food poisoning from the intestine of a huge number of endogenous nitrates.

Causes and types of

Cyanosis can develop if there is too much carbon dioxide in the arterial blood. Such a process is possible when there are gas exchange disturbances in the lungs( oxygen that is contained in the blood stops being replaced by carbon dioxide) or when arterial and venous blood is mixed. With thromboembolism and asphyxia of the pulmonary artery, acute cyanosis develops in a few minutes and sometimes seconds. Acute pneumonia or a severe attack of bronchial asthma can cause subacute cyanosis, which develops from 10 minutes to 1 day.

Chronic diseases of the lungs and heart can lead to cyanosis, which will appear gradually, gradually. Cyanosis is often found in respiratory and heart failure, so it is often regarded as a symptom of a congenital heart muscle defect. Cyanosis often accompanies chronic lung diseases, in which as a result of compaction of lung tissue there was a violation of gas exchange. In cases of circulatory disorders, cyanosis proceeds in a mild form. In such cases, as a rule, blood levels increase hemoglobin, which combines with carbon dioxide and slows blood flow. Polycythemia in turn leads to an increase in the level of erythrocytes in the blood, and as a result, the blood begins to thicken, while staining the skin of the lips and face in blue( nasolabial triangle).This form of cyanosis is fraught with various complications.

Cyanosis can occur due to some external factors, for example, the cold season. In newborns, cyanosis is diagnosed in cases of insufficient development of the respiratory system. In some cases, cyanosis occurs as a result of prolonged stay at a high altitude, because a defensive reaction of the body triggers the lack of oxygen, as a result, the number of erythrocytes increases. Such a state of health does not carry, it is called a polyglobule.

Cyanosis can indicate the presence in the body of diseases such as epilepsy, thrombophlebitis, bronchial asthma, diphtheria, pneumonia, Quincke's edema, cholera, shock, plague. Cyanosis is common and local, by origin can be central( pulmonary) and peripheral( cardiac).

Peripheral cyanosis occurs due to the fact that the blood flow in the capillaries slows down, as a result of the tissue, more oxygen is obtained and the blood saturates with carbon dioxide. In most cases, this condition occurs in heart failure with a delayed outflow of venous blood.

If arterial blood does not receive complete saturation, then central cyanosis develops. The limit level can be from the norm of 85 and less than%.With a dark facial skin, cyanosis will only be visible when the figure is below 75%.Such cyanosis develops in heart defects, with a characteristic mix of arterial and venous blood, respiratory failure.

Diagnosis

Analysis of arterial blood gases will help to determine the amount of oxygen in the blood. The study of blood flow, radiology, heart and lung examination will help to determine why the oxygen content in the blood began to decrease and why cyanosis began to develop because of this.

Treatment of

With the development and progression of cyanosis, oxygen therapy is indicated. With effective treatment, manifestations of cyanosis either decrease or completely disappear.