Sign of serious illnesses - chronic diarrhea

Chronic diarrhea is a pathological process that is a sign of serious diseases of the digestive system.

Indigestion can last several weeks, accompanied by flatulence, abdominal pain, spasms.

In chronic diarrhea, treatment should be directed not only to reducing its manifestations, but also to the underlying disease. In addition to drug therapy, patients are prescribed a special diet.

etiology of chronic diarrhea

disease Chronic diarrhea can last for more than a month. If you do not find out the reasons that caused diarrhea in time, serious complications will develop that will lead to disruption of all body systems.

Constant diarrhea causes dehydration, loss of nutrients and essential electrolytes.

The causes of chronic diarrhea are diverse and are divided into two large groups: infectious and non-infectious. In some cases, the cause of the disease may remain unknown.

The most frequent nature of the disease is infectious. There are lesions of the gastrointestinal tract caused by intestinal sticks, salmonella and other pathogenic microbes and helminths. In addition, diarrhea in adults and children can develop after infection with viruses.

Infectious causes of chronic diarrhea:

• infecting protozoa and fungi - Cryptosporidium, dysentery amoeba, Cyclospora, microsporidia, Giardia;
• bacterial infections - aeromonas, E. coli, Salmonella, Campylobacterium;
• viral infection - rotavirus( gastric flu).Chronic diarrhea

noninfectious form occurs due to chemical poisoning( alcohol, drugs, poisons), pathologies of the digestive system and prolonged stress.

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main causes of infectious diarrhea:

• acute and chronic pancreatitis;
• cystic fibrosis of the pancreas;
• IBS;
• colitis;
• proctitis;
• uncontrolled intake of antibacterial drugs;
• pathology of the thyroid gland;
• excessive consumption of sugar substitutes;
• benign and malignant tumors;
• inadequate absorption of bile acids;
• infringement of blood supply of the intestine;
• diverticulitis;
• Crohn's disease.

In addition to these reasons, chronic diarrhea may occur in people suffering from intolerance to gluten - the protein contained in cereals.

to bowel function is restored, in this situation enough to eliminate from the diet of baked products made from wheat and oat flour.

Symptomatology of pathology

The main symptom of chronic diarrhea is frequent liquid defecation. During the day, the patient can visit the toilet more than 5 times.

An intestinal disorder often accompanies pain, spasms, increased gas production and an admixture of mucus in the stool.

If diarrhea is caused by the pathology of the small intestine, then defecation will occur in fat, liquid feces.

When the disease of the large intestine, the volume of bowel movements will decrease, but the urge to enter the toilet will occur more often. In feces may be present impurities of pus, blood and mucous secretions.

Unlike diarrhea due to diseases of the small intestine, colonic disorder is accompanied by pain.

In inflammatory processes in the lower parts of the intestine( proctitis, colitis), patients experience frequent false desires for evacuation.

Other observed signs are determined by the underlying illness that caused the onset of chronic diarrhea. Patients with colorectal cancer experience weakness, rapid fatigue, gradually lose weight.

Chronic diarrhea can be replaced by intestinal obstruction, in severe cases, the rupture of the intestinal wall develops.

In the later stages of development of cancer pathology, the patient undergoes severe intoxication, he develops cachexia and hyperthermia.

For inflammation occurring in the gastrointestinal tract and causing chronic diarrhea, hyperthermia of varying severity and other extraintestinal symptoms are characteristic: stomatitis, arthralgia and so on.

In neuroendocrine and endocrine abnormalities of the intestines, hormonal disorders can be seen in patients.

For prolonged diarrhea, consult a doctor, especially if the pathology is accompanied by severe pain and an impurity of blood in the stool.

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If you do not start treatment in time, the patient will develop dehydration, nausea, vomiting, fever and muscle cramps.

Due to nutritional deficiencies, the patient will become underweight. The exact cause of the disease that caused chronic diarrhea, can be determined only by the doctor according to the results of the survey.

Diagnosis of a chronic bowel disorder

A doctor diagnoses based on a conversation with a patient in which to determine the manifestations of the disease - how long diarrhea lasts, whether there is pain and cramps, bloating and asymmetry of the abdomen and so on.

Laboratory tests are then assigned, which can be used to determine how to treat diarrhea.

In chronic diarrhea, the following are the most important indicators of the body:

• complete blood count;
• serum calcium concentration;
• concentration of B vitamins;
• amount of iron;
• determination of the functioning of the thyroid and liver;
• examination for the presence of celiac disease.

Depending on the underlying cause that caused chronic diarrhea, patients are assigned additional examinations to confirm or clarify the diagnosis and prescribe the correct treatment regimen.

The doctor may order:

• ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs;
• X-ray examination of the abdominal cavity;
• colonoscopy with taking intestinal tissue for biopsy.

Because chronic diarrhea is not an independent disease, but a symptom of the pathology of internal organs, the main purpose of diagnosis is to identify the underlying cause of diarrhea.

Based on the results of the examination, the gastroenterologist will determine which diseases affect the thin or thick part of the intestine.

Microbiological analysis of feces helps to determine the presence of an inflammatory process in the intestine and the type of pathogens.

Coprological examination of patients with chronic diarrhea detects amylorrhea, steatori, creator.

During irrigoscopy with cancer tumors and polyps are all kinds of filling defects.

With the help of sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy, it is possible to examine the intestinal wall, the presence and appearance of ulcers, polyps and other neoplasms.

If there is a special need, then during the survey, a specialist collects tissue samples for biopsy.

If you suspect a violation of the hormonal background and pathology of the thyroid, consultation of the endocrinologist is required, with uremia - the urologist.

Scheme of treatment of pathology

To cure chronic diarrhea or reduce its manifestations, you need to go through all the necessary examinations and find out the cause of the unpleasant symptom.

Therapeutic regimen includes antibacterial drugs, probiotics and adsorbents. During treatment, patients must follow a special diet.

Antibacterial drugs are prescribed for the destruction of microorganisms that caused chronic diarrhea. During treatment, patients are prescribed antimicrobial and antiseptic agents.

The drug Entoban is effective against pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

The drug contains dodecyl sulfate and tilichinol. The course of taking Entobana lasts 6-10 days for 4-6 capsules during the day.

The next Mexform - contains kaolin, streptomycin, sodium citrate and pectin. The drug is prescribed 1 tablet three times a day for a week.

Depental-M suspension, which contains metronidazole and furazolidone, also has bactericidal properties. Take it 1 scoop after each meal for 5 days.

Intestinal disorders of various nature can be effectively corrected with probiotics.

The drug Bactisubtil contains a culture of beneficial microbes needed by the intestines, and calcium carbonate. The drug should be taken within 10 days twice for 1 capsule.

After a course of antibiotics, patients are prescribed Enterol, Linex and Bifikol to restore the natural ratio of microorganisms in the intestine.

The intake of these drugs should last at least one month. To reduce the multiplication of pathogenic bacteria, the Hilak-Forte drops, which contain the products of the vital activity of lactobacilli, can be used.

Smecta is used as enveloping absorbents for the treatment of chronic diarrhea.

A similar property is possessed by a solution of Kaopecact. The drug binds and removes toxic substances and harmful microbes from the intestine.

To be successful, patients should follow a diet. Proper nutrition will fill the lack of nutrients in the body and help normalize the natural motility of the intestine.