Cysty dolne( górne) i leczenia objawów szczęki
The term "cyst" that occurs among dentists comes from the Greek word bubble, which in itself explains the dental pathology.As a rule, in appearance, education is like a dense capsule, often filled with pus, in sizes ranging from five millimeters to several centimeters.It is delimited from healthy tissues, has a tendency of constant growth, differs in several species.
Species
Dental cysts differ depending on the cause of the formation, location and size.It can be under the seal, tooth crown, near the root, between the teeth, in the upper, lower part of the jaw, deep in the gum, also in the maxillary sinuses.
They can be small in size, large, but viewed on the patient's x-ray.
Because of the appearance, the following types are distinguished:
- Primary( keratokist);
- follicular( tooth-containing);
- residual;
- is parodental;
- is radicular.
Primary formation occurs during the formation of the organism from the particles of the shedding tissue, when there is a violation of tooth development. The follicular occurs when the teething in the child's teeth has an obstacle for a long time, and they form inside the gums.The third kind occurs after unsuccessful extraction of teeth, and the parental formation develops with a complex eruption with inflammation of the wisdom teeth.On the dental root of the granuloma, due to complex pathologies, a radicular cyst can be formed.
Causes and symptoms
The emergence of the disease provokes:
- injuries of teeth, gums;
- infection;
- dental abnormalities of development;
- treatment of dental canal is performed in violation of technology;
- incorrectly installed prosthetic structures( crowns, dentures and others).
Symptoms appear depending on the course of inflammation.In chronic form, there are unpleasant sensations in the tooth, especially when taking solid products.Sometimes there is a shift of teeth, darkening. An increase in the cyst occurs with body fatigue in the fight against infections, then inflammation develops with purulent clusters.As a result, the tooth begins to ache, there is a strong puffiness, fistula.Patients present with headaches, weakness, general malaise, fever, lymph nodes increase.In these situations, you should immediately contact a specialist.
Jaw cysts
In the cyst of the upper jaw, the symptoms do not have any characteristic features in the early stage of development, like the cyst of the lower jaw.Experts define jaw formations as congenital, but they can result from a disease such as periodontitis.Inflammatory process of periodontal tissue occurs as a result of poor treatment, or late treatment for the dentist.The disease manifests itself in acute or chronic form, where the latter leads to the development of cysts.Periodontitis has three stages, like fibrotic, granulating and granulomatous .Fibrous form refers to the onset of development, in which the narrowing of the periodontal gap is observed.
Spreading on the tip of the root of the blood vessels is defined as a granulating form.Further progression leads to the granulomatous stage, where tissues break down with the formation of a demarcation line.It demarcates the wounds destroyed from healthy tissues, forming a granuloma with further growth of formations.On the lower jaw it is located at the multi-rooted teeth - the first molars, and in the upper molars - in the region of premolars and molars.
Treatment
After removal of the tooth, the cyst is not able to resolve itself, and therefore the main treatment involves surgery.The data of world statistics state the presence of a cyst in three percent of problems, and therefore before treatment it is necessary to conduct a thorough diagnosis.In most cases, dentists detect granuloma in patients, which is cured by a conservative method.To determine the cyst, a histological examination is performed after the operation.
In order to reduce surgical procedures, patients are initially assigned X-ray examination and computed tomography.Based on the results obtained, the location of the localization of education and the connection with the root system are determined.In the process of treatment channels are treated with a special instrument, laser, medication, sometimes ozonotherapy is performed.When a positive result is achieved, a filling is performed.
Laser technology involves several stages, such as:
- tooth opening or dissection, extension of the root canals;
- laser injection;
- laser radiation destroys harmful microorganisms and removes the cyst.
Disinfection of the affected tissues, after which complications are eliminated, and rapid healing takes place, is a special advantage of the laser method.The procedure, which is pleasant for patients, is considered painless and prompt.If six months after cyst treatment the jaw has no symptoms, then no further action is taken and it is possible that there was a granuloma.But after a long inflammatory process that does not go away after the measures taken, the patient goes to the surgeon for complete removal.
What to do if the treatment is not effective
During the procedure, the surgeon cleans the contents in the cystic formation, after which the root tip of the tooth, infected with the infection, is removed.The sealing is carried out from the inside with the subsequent cross-linking of the incision.When, for example, the cyst of the teeth of the lower jaw or the upper one is formed repeatedly, then the tooth is removed and the implant is installed.Modern dental techniques suggest solving the problem with the help of possible procedures with preservation of the tooth.
Complications
Surgery to remove the cyst can provoke complications in the jaw and the body as a whole.
Common complications include:
- bleeding that occurs due to a large vessel injury during surgery;
- fracture of the upper jaw, which occurs when the tooth is removed with trauma.To this end, the dentogingival tire is used;
- traumas of maxillary sinuses, obtained with the removal of the envelope of the paranasal sinuses with an odontogenic enlarged cyst, or deforming with the formation of sinusitis.
Treatment of pregnant women
Treatment during pregnancy requires specialist advice, and especially various operations.They are only carried out in emergency cases, since an X-ray image is required for diagnosis. Women in special position procedure is performed only in case of health and life threat to .When there are no pains, other characteristic unpleasant symptoms, irradiation is not carried out.With severe inflammation and pain, the tooth is removed, and if these signs are not present, then treatment is performed.But it should be checked regularly at the dentist to avoid complications and troubles.
Dental procedures are performed by pregnant women only at the end of the second trimester with the use of anesthetizing safe medications.Pre-pregnant women should get permission from a gynecologist.
In conclusion, we note that in the human body, some cysts are present without manifestations, symptoms.To prevent growth, it is important to visit dentists on a regular basis for preventive examination and to conduct timely treatment of caries and other diseases.And also properly take care of the oral cavity, conduct regular hygiene procedures.It is not allowed to treat yourself and folk methods.