ТОРЧ - an essence and the purpose of inspection on ТОРЧ-infections, the analysis of possible results

TORCH( TORCH) infection. This term refers to the complex of 4 most dangerous for pregnancy( more precisely - for the fetus) infections:

• toxoplasmosis;
• rubella;
• cytomegalovirus;
• herpes 1 and 2 types.

This kind of examination is conducted for all pregnant women, but doctors recommend that a similar blood test be done for those patients of gynecological clinics who are in the planning stage of pregnancy.

Table of contents: What is the risk of a THORG infection?Herpes simple type( 1 and 2 types) in pregnancy Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy Rubella in pregnancy Cytomegalovirus in pregnancy The essence of the analysis on the TORCH infection Deciphering the results of tests on the TORCH infection

Than the risk of a POUR infection?

All of the above infections are quite dangerous for pregnancy.Moreover, doctors consider the danger precisely when primary infection occurs with an already existing pregnancy - rubella, toxoplasmosis, herpes and cytomegalovirus according to statistics in 86% of cases provoke the development of congenital malformations, mental illness in the unborn child.

Herpes simple type( 1 and 2 types) in pregnancy

If prior to pregnancy the woman had no herpes or in the patient's blood there were no antibodies to herpes of types 1 and 2, then infection with this infection during the carrying of the child is veryprobably.If infection with herpes simplex occurred early in pregnancy( first trimester), it can provoke miscarriage, intrauterine fetal death or malformation of the baby( most often the pathology of the development of the bones of the skull and the organ of vision is diagnosed).

In case of infection of the woman with the infection at the end of pregnancy, the following development of events can be assumed:

• premature delivery;
• problems with intrauterine development of the child( it is significantly behind the norm);
• Infection with herpes simplex immediately after birth.

Note: herpes simplex virus can cause internal injuries to the woman herself and be fatal, but such cases are an exception.If a woman has contracted herpes before pregnancy and during the period of bearing a child, she has relapses, then the infection does not present any danger to the fetus.The fact is that when the existing chronic herpes simplex is exacerbated, the virus does not enter the bloodstream, and therefore can not penetrate the placenta and exert a fatal effect on the development of the fetus.

Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy

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This infection is very easy to carry out in people, often there are no symptoms at all.You can get infected with toxoplasmosis from cats( the virus penetrates through scratches and any damage to the skin from the saliva or urine of the animal), or when using insufficiently processed food products - meat of animals and birds, vegetables, fruits and greens.

But if a pregnant woman has become infected with toxoplasmosis, then this is real trouble. The fact is that the effect on the fetus of the virus of the described infection is too fatal:

• if the infection occurred in the early stages of pregnancy, the result may be the birth of a child with epilepsy, blindness and mental retardation;
• , when a woman is infected during a child's gestation period, a healthy child may well be born, but the consequences of the negative impact of the virus may appear years later.

Rubella in pregnancy

Absolutely safe infection in childhood becomes a disaster when a virus enters the body of a pregnant woman.When rubella infection of a pregnant patient at a term of up to 16 weeks, all ends with a frozen pregnancy or miscarriage.Even if the fetus has remained viable, the probability of having a child with mental and physical pathologies is 98%.

If you get rubella infection at later stages of pregnancy, the risk of having a sick child, of course, decreases, but remains very high - up to 60%.The result of rubella infection in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy can be the birth of a child with hearing, vision, mental development.

Name infection	Antibodies Antibodies M	G	Decoding		Recommendations Recommendations
Toxoplasmosis	neg neg		The woman has no antibodies to the infection, she refers to a group of seronegative patients.	During pregnancy it is necessary to refuse communication with cats and to use only the processed products.	Very high.If the infection occurs in the first trimester, the woman will be offered an artificial termination of pregnancy.
floor	asd	A woman is infected with toxoplasmosis for a maximum of up to 2 months.	Recommendations for further monitoring and prevention of the effect of the virus on the fetus from the physician	Recommendations for the further conducting of examinations and prevention of the effect of the fetal virus on the doctor
floor	sex	The subject is infected with a virus for a period of 2 to 6 months.	Recommendations for additional examinations will be given by a doctor.	The level of risk is high, but not critical.Observation of a specialist.
asr	floor	The woman has protective antibodies.	You can safely plan a pregnancy or bear a growing fetus.	There is no risk for the fetus, the child develops normally.
Rubella	since	since	There are no antibodies to infection, the woman is a seronegative patient.	If pregnancy is a fact, then restrict communication with children.If the pregnancy is only planned, then vaccination will help.	The risk for the fetus is the maximum, if a pregnant woman is infected, an artificial termination of pregnancy is indicated.
floor	since	Infection with rubella has already taken place for up to 2 months.	You need to contact a specialist for a complete examination.	The risk is very high if there is already a pregnancy.During the planning period, vaccination is allowed.
floor	floor	A woman is infected for up to 6 months.	For further examination, please contact your doctor.	The risk is high, often for medical reasons make an artificial termination of pregnancy.
asr	floor	Antibodies to the rubella virus in women are available.	You can either plan your pregnancy peacefully, or have a baby without fear.	No risk at all, healthy children are born.
Cytomegalovirus	otr	since	No antibodies to infection, the woman is included in the group of seronegative patients.	When carrying a child, it is necessary to take precautions - to avoid being present in dense collectives, to use your dishes, etc.	The risk is high.When cytomegalovirus infection occurs during pregnancy, there is a risk of losing a child or having it with congenital malformations.
floor	since	Most likely the woman is infected for up to 2 months.	It is necessary to undergo an additional examination.	The risk remains high - from pregnancy planning it is better to refuse until a complete cure.
floor	floor	A woman is infected with cytomegalovirus for up to 6 months.	Refer to specialists for examination.	Only a gynecologist and infectious disease specialist will be able to determine the degree of risk.
otr	floor	The patient has antibodies to the virus.	You can safely plan a pregnancy or quietly nurture an already existing fruit.	There is no risk at all.
Herpes simplex	since	since	The woman completely lacks antibodies to infection, she belongs to the group of seronegative patients.	Avoid contact with people who have symptoms of herpes.	There is a risk if the infection is diagnosed during pregnancy - the probability of a sick child being born is 60%.
floor	otr	Indicates infection of a woman for up to 2 months.	I need to undergo an additional examination.	The risk is high, so the planning of pregnancy should be postponed, and if conception has already occurred, then you should get advice from narrow specialists.
floor	floor	Infection for up to 6 months.	It will take an additional survey under the supervision of specialists.	Only doctors will be able to determine the degree of risk, but it is generally considered to be high.
po	floor	There are antibodies to cytomegalovirus infection.	You can safely plan a pregnancy or quietly nurture an already conceived child.	There is no risk, the baby is born healthy.

Cytomegalovirus in pregnancy

According to statistics, infection with cytomegalovirus during pregnancy is fixed only in 4% of cases, but this infection is considered very dangerous for the unborn child:

• Infection for up to 12 weeks leads to miscarriage or the birth of a child with congenital malformations- hydrocephalus, acephaly, impaired functioning of the organs of hearing and vision, cerebral palsy;
• infection at term after 12 weeks increases the risk of having a child with congenital hepatitis, retinitis or pneumonia at times.

For pregnancy, the hazard represents only primary infection with the above infections.If a woman has already been infected with viruses, then they no longer pose a threat to the future child.

The essence of the analysis on TORH infection

The main task of examination of pregnant women at the TORCH infection is the detection of seronegative patients.Such women do not have antibodies to cytomegalovirus, simple hepatitis, rubella and toxoplasmosis and the risk of infection with these infections during pregnancy is very high.Such patients of gynecological clinics will have to follow certain precautions.

If the analysis on the FHR infection was carried out as part of the planning of pregnancy, then in the absence of antibodies the woman will be vaccinated, which will guarantee the safety of bearing the child.To detect antibodies to described infections it is possible only in blood serum - experts make immunofermentative analysis.Particular importance is attached to the detection of "early" antibodies( denoted by the Latin letter M) and "late" antibodies( correspond to the designation of the letter G).

Men who are sexual partners of the examined woman are not required to undergo a blood test on the TORCH infection - even if they have never had these infections or were infected at the time of conception, the effect on fetal development will not be affected.

Interpretation of the test results for the ASH31

Having received the results of the analysis, each woman wants to understand them herself.Sometimes it's hard to do and even impossible because of misunderstanding of specific signs.In order to avoid problems with recognition of the results, and the woman owned the situation, a table with explanations, decoding and recommendations is given below.

We also recommend that you familiarize yourself with the video-guide for decoding the tests for TORCH infection:

. An examination for HIV infection is a mandatory test for pregnant women who first came to the gynecologist and register.In state women's consultations such analysis is conducted absolutely free of charge.

If a woman wishes to be tested for the presence or absence of antibodies to the 4 infections under consideration, then tests can be taken for TORCH infections either in private clinics or in private laboratories - this will be a paid service.Only such a survey will help to avoid unwanted pregnancy development - it is especially important to analyze for TCHF infection at the stage of pregnancy planning, the recommended term is not less than 3 months before the moment of conception.In more details about infections during pregnancy, the specialist tells:

Tsygankova Yana Aleksandrovna, medical reviewer, therapeutist of the highest qualification category.