Vasodilator drugs for the brain

Who among us did not encounter headaches? In some, such symptoms are not associated with any diseases. But most often a severe headache can cause spasms. Sometimes there is noise in the ears, memory impairment and fatigue. Such symptoms can be a consequence of cerebrovascular disease. This is due primarily to the blood circulation, which can be caused by several reasons:

1. Atherosclerotic plaques resulting lipid metabolism
2. aneurysms that may occur due to trauma, congenital abnormalities vessels walls, infections, etc.
3. Violation vegetative.nervous system
4. arterial disease Paroxysmal
5. hypertension

To ease the pain or get rid of it, doctors prescribe special tools. Vasodilator drugs for the brain are able to cope with this problem and prevent serious consequences associated with vascular disease.(Figure 1)

Fig.1

How do vasodilators

Typically, cerebral vascular drug is prescribed by the attending doctor, and they can be purchased only by prescription. The effect of drugs of this category is aimed at reducing the tone of the smooth muscles of the vessels, thereby increasing their lumen. This is necessary to supply the brain with blood cells and oxygen.(Fig.2)

Fig.2

Pulses constantly flow to the vessels along sympathetic nerve fibers and maintain the muscle tone of the vascular walls. Therefore, these drugs can dilate the vessels or weaken impulses, or affect the vascular muscle. In the first case, neurotropic substances are triggered, and in the second case, myotropic vasodilators.

Neurotropic drugs are divided into actions of a reflex, central and peripheral nature. They mainly affect the nervous tissue. This is for example, the well-known validol or reserpine.

Myotropic drugs act more on muscle cells of the vessel walls. These include drugs such as dibazol, aminophylline, papaverine, etc.

There are substances that have neurotropic and miortopnymi properties at the same time -. The so-called nitrates( nitroglycerin or nitrosorbit).

In most cases, vasodilator drugs lower total blood pressure, they are used as antihypertensives. But there are also such vasodilators that do not significantly affect blood pressure, while expanding the vessels of individual organs. For this, the mechanism of alpha or beta-blockers of adrenoreceptors is used.

In some cases, it is important to work on special receptors that belong to the imidazoline group. These cellular receptors are located in the ventrolateral region of the medulla oblongata. Therefore, to expand the vessels, it is necessary to activate them, which will lead to a decrease in the tone of the vasomotor center. As a result, the activity of the sympathetic nerves will decrease, and the release of noradrenaline will be weakened.

Increased calcium in the blood causes a lack of oxygen and other essential substances, which leads to a vascular headache. In this regard, there are drugs that act by inhibiting calcium channels.

Thus, vasodilators for brain may differently affect vessels depending on the group of active substances.

What are the preparations for the expansion of the vessels

Currently, there are many medications for the vessels of the brain. They produce a large number of producers under different trade names, but the active substance, as a rule, belongs to a certain group. The most common - is a group of statins:

• Atorvastatin
• Lovastatin Pravastatin Rosuvastatin

addition of these substances to help expand blood vessels and improve blood flow:

• The derivatives of xanthine are aminophylline, pentoxifylline, theobromine, etc.
• Nicotinic acid and its derivatives
• Derivatives of vinca alkaloids - caviton
• Nootropes - piracetam, cerebrolysin, biotreidine, etc.
• Calcium channel blockers( calcium antagonists) - verapamil, nifedipine and diltiazem
• Alpha-adrenoblockers - alfuzonin, dihydroergotamine, dihydroergotoxin
• Vasodilators or myotropics - papaverine, drotaverin, bendazole
• Nitrates and nitrate-like substances

All preparations containingtion of these substances and their derivatives can relieve cramps and headache. They are prescribed for the treatment and prevention of such diseases of the cerebral vessels as atherosclerosis and aneurysm, and also take with congenital pathology of the cerebral arteries and other vascular diseases. For each patient, the doctor selects the most suitable means and dosage.

This depends on the degree of disease and individual characteristics of a person. Almost all preparations of this kind are dispensed by prescription, but there are also non-prescription vasodilators.

The following agents have spread most widely:

• The nose-pa( drotaverin) is available in tablets or as a solution for intramuscular or intravenous administration.
• Trental( pentoxifylline) is available in the form of tablets and in solution for injection.
• Validol( vasodilators) is released in tablets and capsules.
• Nitroglycerin( nitrates) is released in tablets, capsules and solutions for ingestion.
• Euphyllin( aminophylline) is released only in the form of tablets.

As the methods of treatment of these diseases are not limited to the use of medications, you can use proven folk remedies and do self-massage. In addition, it is necessary to observe a certain diet, unacceptable overload and lack of sleep.

Before starting to take vasodilating drugs for the brain, you should consult a specialist, since any medication has side effects. Although, some funds of this kind can be purchased without a doctor's prescription. They, as a rule, are known to many, are sold in any pharmacy and are not contraindicated for serious diseases or pregnancy.

Therefore, if there is an urgent need to get rid of headaches and spasms, you can do without consulting a doctor and buy an over-the-counter drug( no-shpa, validol, etc.).But to solve the problem of a one-time drug intake still does not work. For this, it is necessary to pass a survey and visit a specialist who will prescribe the right treatment.

Video: Atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels