Diaskintest - intradermal test.What is it for?

Diaskintest - intradermal test, the purpose of which is to diagnose tuberculosis and identification of patients at high risk of developing tuberculosis.
content:

• Indications for Diaskintest
• Implementation sample
• value
• test results Lack of response to sample

Indications for Diaskintest

There are indications for Diaskintest:

• differential diagnosis of tuberculosis;
• evaluation of the effectiveness of antituberculous therapy;
• detection of postvaccinal allergy( delayed type hypersensitivity reaction);
• revealing infectious allergies.

important point: Diaskintest not a cause of delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, which is directly related to BCG vaccination, however is not a substitute tuberculin test in order to select patients for the initial and booster vaccination with BCG.

Sampling

The main purpose of the diaskintest is to conduct an intradermal test.Introduce the drug should be a specially trained and knowledgeable medical representative who knows about the technique of intradermal injections.Diaskintest is approved for all age groups( children, adolescents, adults).Enter the solution only intradermally.As a rule, the sample is carried out with tuberculin syringes and short thin needles with an oblique cut.

Before using Diaskintest, the expiration date and the date of release of the medicinal product and syringes are checked.

Patients suffering from manifestations of nonspecific allergy may also conduct a test.Perhaps this is only after the appointment of desensitizing drugs, which are selected by a doctor.The duration of their admission is approximately 5 days before the test on the basis of Diaskintest, and continues for 2 more days after the test.

value

test results Evaluation results of the sample is carried out by medical staff( doctors, nurses) 72 hours after the test.For this purpose, the size of the papule and hyperemia is transverse compared to the axis of the forearm.The value is calculated in millimeters, using a transparent ruler.It must also be taken into account that hyperemia is only read out if there is no infiltration.

• A negative reaction to the sample is characterized by a complete absence of hyperemia and infiltration.It is also recognized as negative in the case of infiltrate and hyperemia, not exceeding 2 mm.
• Doubtful reaction to the sample is characterized by the presence of hyperemia and lack of infiltration.
• The result is considered positive if there is a papula( infiltrate) of any size.In this case, the degree of expression of such reactions is also differentiated.An infiltrate with a size less than 5 mm indicates a mild reaction, a size of 5-9 mm is a moderate reaction, and at a papule size of 10-14 mm the reaction is considered to be severe.
• Hyperergic reaction is displayed in the infiltrate size of more than 15 mm.The same value may be a sign of development of lymphangitis, vesicle-necrotic disorders or lymphadenitis.

Those patients whose dubious and a positive reaction to the test, based on Diaskintest preparation, should be tested for tuberculosis was found.It is also necessary to know that the skin symptoms of nonspecific allergy appear immediately after the injection and basically disappear within 48-72 hours, which can not be said about the delayed type hypersensitivity reaction.In addition, Diaskintest does not cause such reactions associated with the vaccination of BCG.

Failure to respond to the sample

negative test result based on the use of the drug Diaskintest may indicate the following:

1. The patient is not infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
2. The person has already recovered from tuberculosis.
3. The patient is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but with an inactive form of tuberculosis infection.
4. A person is sick with tuberculosis, but the disease is at the stage of completing the involution of tuberculosis indicators.In this period, there are still no laboratory, X-ray tomography, instrumental and clinical signs of bacterial activity.

In addition, the results of a sample with Diaskintest can be negative in those patients with tuberculosis who have severe immunopathological defects.Usually this is due to severe tuberculosis.

Side effects

As a rule, there are no significant side effects from the use of Diaskintest.In rare cases, there may be systemic adverse reactions, such as hyperthermia, weakness, or headache.