Hydronephrosis

hydronephrosis ( hydronephrosis transformation) - is a progressive kidney disease, which is characterized by the expansion of its pelvis and cups, malnutrition( thinning) of kidney tissue, and therefore violated all the basic functions of the kidneys. Hydronephrosis occurs as a result of a violation of the outflow of urine from the calyx and the renal pelvis and is accompanied by a violation of blood circulation in the tissues of the kidney. Most often the disease occurs in women aged 25 to 35 years, as well as children

Causes

This disease occurs due to the presence of some - any hindrance current urine.

There are congenital( primary) and secondary hydronephrosis.

congenital hydronephrosis develops as a consequence of which - or abnormalities of renal tissue, urinary tract, and in the presence of additional blood vessels kidney.

secondary or acquired hydronephrosis occurs due to complications such urological diseases: cancer of the ureter and the renal pelvis,

kidney tumor, traumatic lesions of the urinary tract, urolithiasis, tumors of the prostate or cervix, multiple spinal cord injury leading to disruption of the flow of urine and so forth.

There are three stages of development of hydronephrosis:

- Urine begins to accumulate in the kidney of the kidney and, due to increased pressure, it stretches. At the beginning of the function, the kidneys suffer quite insignificantly, since the walls of the pelvis still retain it from excessive stretching. However, gradually its walls become thinner and the pelvis stretches more and more.

- There is an expansion of the calyx and the renal pelvis. An elongated pelvis displaces the compressed renal tissue to the periphery. The thickness of the kidney tissue is significantly reduced, due to its squeezing between a fairly dense tissue of the capsule of the kidney and an elongated pelvis. In this case, the function of the kidneys is disrupted already seriously.

- Fabrics finally become thinner and there is a sharp atrophy of kidney tissue, its functions are plummeting, and subsequently disappear completely

Symptoms

In most cases, hydronephrosis develops asymptomatic and detected only by chance on palpation of the abdominal cavity, x-ray or ultrasound, injury or outbreak of infection.

The characteristic symptoms by which you can accurately differentiate hydronephrosis from other diseases - no. In this disease, the most frequently reported symptoms: bouts of renal colic , aching pain in the lower back and kidneys of a continuing nature. Often there is hematuria( the appearance of blood in the urine).

Attacks are often accompanied by increased blood pressure, bloating, nausea and vomiting. As before the attacks, and during them, patients often have a decrease in the amount of urine and, conversely, an increase in the amount of urine after the attack.

In the hypochondrium, a tumor-like formation is clearly felt.

Symptoms of renal failure appear mostly only with bilateral hydronephrosis

Treatment of

Primarily, the treatment of this disease is aimed at eliminating the cause that caused the development of hydronephrosis, and also, if necessary, to reduce the size of the pelvis.

Conservative treatment is used to reduce pain, reduce blood pressure, eliminate the symptoms of kidney failure, inflammatory processes and is used as a preparation for surgical intervention.

There are a lot of methods of surgical treatment, but the most common is the reconstruction of the renal-pelvis system. The amount and type of operation directly depends on the disease that caused hydronephrosis. In recent years, laparoscopic methods of treatment have become very widespread, thanks to which surgical intervention is performed in a low-traumatic manner( manipulators and an endoscope with a video camera are inserted into the abdominal cavities).

To remove the kidneys are resorted only if its functions are completely lost, and its retention can lead to dangerous consequences.

More articles on the topic:

1. Polycystic kidney disease 2. Pyelonephritis symptoms treatment