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What are the symptoms of bladder disease in men?

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The bladder is an unpaired organ of the urinary system, through which urine accumulation and excretion takes place. Diseases of the bladder occur at any age and can be either an independent pathology or a complication of another disease. Find out the exact cause of the pathological process and appoint an adequate treatment will be a urologist after a thorough examination of the patient.

Urinary-bladder-in urinary system

Place bladder urinary system male

Content

  • 1 Leading
  • 2 Pathology symptoms of bladder
    • 2.1 Inflammatory diseases
    • 2.2 urolithiasis
    • 2.3 Tumors
    • 2.4 Neurogenic disorders
  • 3 Diagnostics
  • 4 Principles of treatment
    • 4.1 Conservative therapy
    • 4.2 Surgical Therapy

Leading Symptoms

Bladder pathology may have a different origin, but many diseases have similar symptoms.

Special attention deserves the appearance of the following alarming symptoms:

  • pain in the lower abdomen and inguinal region;
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  • dysuric phenomena: difficulty urinating, rapid urge to empty the bladder, urinary incontinence, weak or intermittent urine stream;
  • increase or decrease in daily volume of excreted urine;
  • itching, burning or pain while urinating;
  • appearance in the urine of impurities of pus or blood, sediment, flakes, sand;
  • increased body temperature.
If you have one or more symptoms, you should contact your urologist or therapist. In case of significant deterioration of the condition, you must call an ambulance.

Bladder pathology

In urological practice, doctors often have to deal with the following pathological processes:

Inflammatory diseases

Cystitis, or inflammation of the bladder - is one of the most frequent ailments of the urinary system. The disease occurs at any age and is characterized by the appearance of the following symptoms:

  • pain and burning sensation when urinating;
  • rapid urination;
  • feeling of insufficient emptying of the bladder;
  • false urge to urinate.

In an acute stage, there may be an increase in body temperature, pronounced weakness, chills. Chronic cystitis can occur asymptomatically or with minimal manifestations. Confirm the diagnosis is helped by a general urine test and bacteriological culture of the material. To identify the concomitant pathology, ultrasound and cystoscopy are performed.

Urolithiasis

Stones of the bladder are a manifestation of urolithiasis and occur secondary against the background of the formation of kidney stones. From the renal pelvis, the stone descends down the ureter and sticks in the cavity of the bladder. Often, urolithiasis occurs against a background of prostatitis( inflammation of the prostate gland) and prostatic hyperplasia as a result of a violation of the normal outflow of urine.

Stone-in-urinary bladder

Urolithiasis first affects the kidneys and then develops in the bladder

The appearance of stones in the bladder is indicated by the following symptoms:

  • pain and burning sensation when urinating;
  • appearance of drops of blood in the urine or staining the urine in red;
  • pain in the lower abdomen.

A large stone can block the outlet to the urethra, which is accompanied by increased pain and acute urinary retention. To identify the stones in the urinary system, ultrasound, CT or MRI is performed. Further tactics will depend on the size of the stone and the presence of concomitant renal damage.

Tumors

Benign and malignant bladder formation is accompanied by the following symptoms:

  • rapid and painful urination;
  • intermittent urine stream;
  • urinary retention;
  • appearance of blood in the urine.

With the development of cancer there is an increase in inguinal lymph nodes. Typical general weakness, rapid weight loss, decreased appetite. Recognize the tumor helps ultrasound, CT and cystoscopy. To distinguish a benign tumor from malignant it is possible after carrying out of histological research.

Neurogenic disorders

Problems with urination

Frequent urges and small portions of urine talk about neurogenic disorders

Bladder hyperactivity is one of the manifestations of a violation of the innervation of the organ. In this situation, frequent urge to urinate. The portions of excreted urine will be very small. There may be a false urge to urinate, urinary incontinence. The general condition is not violated. Such changes often occur after trauma to the spine and various violations of the blood supply to the body.

Diagnosis

If any unpleasant symptoms appear, you should consult a therapist or urologist. To search for the cause of the problem, the following tests are carried out:

  • General urine analysis - allows to assess the general condition of the urinary tract, to determine the signs of the inflammatory process.
  • Special urine tests( Nechiporenko, according to Zimnitskiy, etc.) with suspicion of concomitant renal pathology.
  • Bacteriological culture of urine for the detection of the causative agent of infectious disease of the bladder.
  • Ultrasound of the bladder - helps to identify stones and tumors, strictures, developmental anomalies and other changes.
  • CT and MRI are assigned if ultrasound is ineffective in order to find the problem.
  • Cystoscopy is an endoscopic examination of the bladder through the urethra.

After the examination, the treatment is prescribed taking into account the revealed data.

Principles of treatment

The scheme of therapy will depend on the cause of the disease.

Conservative therapy

Conservative treatment is indicated for inflammatory processes in the bladder, with some forms of urolithiasis and neurogenic dysfunction.

Medikamentoznoe-lechenie

For some diseases of the bladder, medical treatment of

is indicated. To remedy the problem, the following drugs are used:

  1. Antibacterial and antifungal agents( for inflammatory diseases of the bladder, taking into account the causative agent of the disease).
  2. Analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs - to eliminate pain and reduce body temperature.
  3. Spasmolytics - to relieve muscle spasm, improve the outflow of urine and facilitate the excretion of stones.
  4. Litholytic therapy - the appointment of drugs that dissolve the stones of the bladder.
  5. Diuretics are agents that enhance urine output.
  6. Vegetative collections to enhance diuresis, eliminate intoxication and stimulate immunity.

If the stones of the bladder do not go out by themselves, instrumental lithotripsy is shown: shock wave or laser. During the procedure, the calculi are crushed, and then they leave the urethra in the form of fine sand. The choice of a specific technique will depend on the size and location of the stone, as well as on the concomitant pathology.

Surgical therapy

Surgical treatment is indicated in such conditions:

  • large bladder stones or in the absence of the effect of conservative therapy;
  • benign and malignant tumors;
  • abnormalities of the development of the bladder, preventing a normal outflow of urine;
  • purulent complications of cystitis.

The scope of the surgical intervention is determined based on the form of the disease and the severity of the patient's condition. Removal of stones and tumors allows a radical way to get rid of the disease and avoid the development of serious complications.

Prevention of diseases of the bladder includes the timely treatment of any pathology of the urinary tract and prevention of the spread of infection from the urethra. Regular visits to the urologist will allow to identify the problem in time and take the necessary measures to eliminate it.

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