Burns of the oral mucosa

Burns of the oral mucosa are a trauma to the mucous membrane, which is formed due to the influence of high-level chemical agents.

Chemical breakdown of the oral mucosa is formed in the case of contact with alkalis and acids in a damaging amount used in the practice of dentists phenol, arsenic paste, formalin, resorcinol-formalin mixture, silver nitrate, etc.

Occasional burns are formed due to incorrect action of patients, Who attempt to calm acute tooth pain with sulfuric battery acid, aspirin, analgin, alcohol and other irritating substances that are introduced into the oral cavity.

The formation of a chemical burn of the oral mucosa.

A toxic substance that has got into the mouth, often spits out quickly, for this reason, the tip of the tongue and lips, the rarer and other parts of the oral mucosa, and also the throat, are affected.

In the case of a chemical burn, very severe pain is formed, an exudative inflammatory process that quickly transforms into necrosis of the mucous membrane.

Burns with acids cause formation on the mucous membrane of the so-called. Coagulation necrosis: compacted brown( from sulfuric acid), yellow( as a result of exposure to nitric acid), or white-gray( from other acids).The films are located on the inflamed mucous membrane of the oral cavity, are tightly connected to the underlying tissue sites.

Burns with alkalis are formed by colliquated necrosis of the mucous membrane without forming a densified film, necrotic tissues have a gelatinous consistency. The defeat in this situation is much more profound than in the case of acid burns. Necrosis can take under itself all layers of soft tissue, especially on hard palate and gums.

Chemical necrosis is often broad, capable of causing severe suffering. A few days after the necrotic tissues are torn off, slowly healing ulcers or erosions begin to appear.

Be careful! The diagnosis is usually put in an approximate way, and it is not able to replace the consultation in the dental office.

How is a chemical burn of the oral mucosa treated?

Chemical necrosis requires urgent intensive treatment. In the case of chemical burns, which are caused by a variety of damaging factors, the most universal and most effective means of providing emergency care is a long( for one hour) rinsing of the burned area with a solid amount of running water. The earlier the removal of the chemical agent, the less deep the burn itself will be.

Exceptions are organic aluminum compounds and quicklime, which are not recommended for washing with water. As a result, washing mucosa with water is desirable to use the neutralizing solutions - specific antidote treatment of registered forms damaging chemical agent.

subsequent treatment in its composition also includes anesthesia( 5% anestezina solution in sea buckthorn oil, 2 - 5% lidocaine solution, 1% trimecaine solution, 2% novocaine solution), and furthermore enzyme: proteolytic enzymes( chymotrypsin, trypsin, terrilitina)In 0.01% solution of novocaine, microcid, and also 0.01% solution of furazolidone, 10% dimexide solution and about 0.01% chlorhexidine solution. As a result of continuous application underwent lesion parts( for 5-15 minutes) proteolytic enzymes carried out surgical treatment of damaged areas with further use of vitamin keratoplasty means( one protsentry citral solution in oil of peach Aevitum, karotolin, 10% methyluracyl ointment tsigerol, sea buckthornOil, jelly or solcoseryl ointment).

If it is a question about the mouth burns 3-5 degrees, it is desirable to early excision of damaged tissue with subsequent suturing. In the case of acute traumatic lesions( thermal, chemical), in particular heavy, with pronounced intoxication phenomena carried detoxication treatment, exo - and endosorbentnuyu therapy.

Nuances of treatment.

Note that the therapy for burns of the oral mucosa should be carried out by professional and sufficiently competent doctors, while it must be prompt and intensive. In this situation, the most effective and widely used method of providing emergency care is a long and thorough rinsing with tap water, which helps to eliminate the chemical agent from this mucous membrane of the oral cavity as quickly as possible( and, of course, significantly reduce the degreeDefeat).Nevertheless, in this situation it is important to take into account that certain chemicals, for example, quicklime or organic aluminum compounds, should not be washed off with water.

It should also be emphasized that although the first first aid in the event of the formation of burns of this type can be performed by the hands of people who were in the immediate area of ​​contact from the victim himself in case of an accident, the therapy of a burn of the nasal mucosa or oral cavity should be performedOnly physicians and, quite often, for this purpose, the necessary medical examination is necessary. And just in the medical institution will be made, in case of acute necessity, antidote treatment, analgesic procedures, stationary therapy of burns of the oral mucosa. Spontaneous treatment as a result can lead to various irreversible consequences, and for this reason it is not recommended to resort to it under any condition.