Causes, main symptoms and methods of treatment of periodontal disease, dentists' advice

Periodontal disease is a specific disease characterized by systemic damage to the peri-toothed tissue, without the flow of the inflammatory process.In the early stages it is very difficult to diagnose.Periodontal disease is caused by certain diseases of various organs or hereditary predisposition.

The development of the disease is based on dysfunction of the jaw bone tissue, which leads to disruption of the cell renewal, blood supply to the gums and mineral metabolism.As a rule, 5 to 10% of people who suffer from parodontosis suffer from dental treatment.

Causes of development and symptoms of periodontal disease

The reasons for the development of periodontitis for today, doctors certainly have not been established, since this disease has not been fully understood.They only suggest which factors contribute to the slow resolution of the gingival tissue and jaw bones.

The general background for the course of periodontal disease is , the disturbed blood supply to the soft tissues of the

of the oral cavity, as well as a metabolic disorder throughout the body.These signs are typical for a variety of diseases, however, the mucous membrane and bone tissues are destroyed only in exceptional cases.

The main symptoms of periodontitis present in people suffering from this disease can be called:

• for a long period, characterized by a decrease in immunity;
• disorders in the endocrine system;
• incorrect bite;
• acute or chronic injury of periodontal tissue, such as a bruise, fracture, incorrect orthopedic and orthodontic design;
• dysfunction of mucosal metabolic processes in the oral cavity;
• presence of bad habits, such as alcoholism or smoking;
• manifestation of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• diagnosed neurological diseases;
• deficiency of minerals and vitamins.

Dental plaque and various pathogenic bacteria, as a rule, can not be called the cause of periodontitis.

How is periodontal disease manifested?

In view of the fact that periodontal disease is a long and time-consuming gum disease, after a certain period it leads to such consequences as appearance of bad breath from the mouth of and even loss of teeth.By the way, periodontal disease is one of the main causes of tooth loss in old age.

The source of a bad smell from the mouth, as well as an unpleasant aftertaste when consuming food, is a deep pocket formed in the gum, which accumulates food and plaque.

The reason for the increased bleeding gums when brushing your teeth or while eating is the loosening of the gums.Thus there is an increase in the sensitivity of the gums to any irritant, their soreness and propensity to develop the inflammatory process.People suffering from periodontal disease tend to be aggressive and nervous.With the final destruction of the dentogingival joint, when the gingival pocket is fully formed and becomes deep, a special microbial plaque forms on the root of the tooth.This stage completes the development of the disease and is characterized by resorption of the root of the tooth and bones of the jaw, which entails loss of teeth.

Harmful microorganisms are one of the causes of periodontitis, however, do not cause it, since the process of destruction in this case is non-infectious.It should be noted that even after the final formation of the gingival pocket, when the cervical tooth is exposed, the teeth retain the fixed position of the for a long time.

Over time, the sensitivity of the cervical part of the tooth, as well as itching in the gum area or well-marked gingival inflammation, is added to the symptoms.

If at least one of the following symptoms is detected, it is recommended to seek help from a dentist:

• papillary papilla;
• gum retraction, accompanied by exposure of the neck of the tooth or bleeding gums.In the future, the exposure of the root part of the tooth, in view of which the teeth in patients with periodontitis of people look somewhat longer than the rest.

Diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease

The main signs of periodontal disease are determined by the stage of its course:

1. The initial stage almost always passes unnoticed and without any symptoms.Even a professional will hardly be able to diagnose the disease, but directly, the patient himself will not notice any changes at all.In this case, the pathological process in the bone tissue of the jaw and gums is already started and the stage of exposure of the neck of the teeth begins.It should be noted that carrying out an X-ray examination will not carry any useful information.
2. For the first stage, there is a certain recession or descent of the gum.Sometimes the sensitivity of the teeth is possible, however, they are still in place and firmly fixed in their wells.On the X-ray, you can already see some destructive changes in bone tissue.
3. In the second stage, there is a significant exposure of the neck of the teeth with the appearance of gaps between them.In the place of recession, you can see how the enamel passes into cement covering the roots of the teeth.The patient, as a rule, complains of increased sensitivity of the teeth.Dentogingival ligaments are still firmly connected.X-ray examination reveals very noticeable atrophic changes in that part of the jaw, where the roots of the teeth are fixed.
4. When the transition occurs in the third stage, the roots of the teeth are already prominently protruding beyond the gum.The interdental spaces widen even more and the appearance of mobility of teeth is already possible.The patient notes the presence of discomfort when consuming sour, cold or hot food.X-rays determine a decrease in the height of the alveolar process by one centimeter.
5. Indication for the removal of teeth is considered the extreme, the fourth stage.In this case, the roots are two-thirds exposed, and the mobility and increased sensitivity of the teeth is an obstacle to normal communication and eating.X-ray photography shows that the dental roots are retained in the bone only by their apex.

For periodontal disease, as a rule, chronic leakage is characteristic.The designation of its acute form is relatively arbitrary, since it differs only in the accelerated progression of the disease.

The doctor prescribes treatment depending on the stage of development of periodontal disease in a particular patient and decides whether it is possible to preserve the teeth or whether it will be better to apply orthopedic treatment.

To date, there is no single tool or method for the therapy of periodontitis.The patient is appointed to appoint a comprehensive treatment:

• regular intake of vitamin and hormone drugs that promote the normalization of gum health;
• application of massage of gums, with the purpose of stimulation of a blood-groove in fabrics;
• partial restoration of the affected areas of the gum with the help of special equipment;
• very often physicians prescribe also physiotherapy procedures, such as ultrasonic treatment and electrophoresis.In this case, the oxygen saturation of periodontal tissues, increased blood flow, normalization of nutrient metabolism.

In case the teeth are preserved, however, they have already become mobile, orthopedic treatment can be of significant help.Fixing plastic tires along with intensive care , will help prevent loosening and further loss of teeth.

Regarding the food ration for periodontal disease, it should be noted that does not need to follow a strict diet , but it is recommended to include enough vegetables and fruits in the menu.They will provide the body with the necessary amount of vitamins, which will be needed to restore its normal functioning.

Surgical treatment of periodontal disease

Surgical intervention involves the process of reconstitution of the dissolving part of the gum, as well as the bone tissue of the alveolar process.

Various preparations, substitute materials, are substituted under the gum to replace the damaged parts of the bone.With the passage of time , these materials take root and start the process of bone tissue synthesis.If the treatment is successful, the alveolar process grows again, and the mobile teeth are strengthened.

In order to regenerate the gums, doctors use such types of cell cultures:

• is known for its rejuvenating properties of stem cells that can reproduce new tissue, accelerate healing and update the structure of cells.In the treatment of periodontal disease, stem cells serve to restore gum tissue;
• responsible for the production of collagen, fibroblasts.This structure increases the elasticity of the tissue and strengthens the mechanism of mucosal protection. fibroblasts improve the resistance of the soft tissues of the periodontal to the effects of negative factors and make them stronger;
• platelet growth factor, related to protein structures, plays a special role in the formation of new blood and lymphatic vessels.This synthesis of renewed capillaries promotes restoration of blood supply and normalization of metabolic processes in the gum.

One of the most costly ways to treat periodontal disease is osteoplastic surgery, as well as cell cultures.In the case of successful engraftment of the material, these methods provide surprising results.

Treatment of periodontal disease with folk remedies

Often the treatment of periodontal disease is carried out with the help of traditional medicine.Despite the fact that doctors are skeptical about such methods of , they still consider their use useful for the health of the oral cavity.The main recommendations are as follows:

• use of black tea infusion with the addition of garlic for mouthwash.Such a solution is rich in fluorine, vitamin C and antimicrobial substances;
• a decoction of dogrose and pine needles also has a beneficial effect on the course of treatment due to the large amount of vitamin C in it;
• to reduce bleeding gums, improve nutrition and tissue repair, will help infusion of nettle;
• is effective enough in the initial stages of periodontal disease, a decoction of lime-colored with the addition of oak bark.It has an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial effect.

Prevention of periodontal disease

Since enough effective treatment has not yet been found, parodontosis is better and easier to prevent than to continue to face disappointing forecasts.

Doctors recommend paying attention to the factors that allow maintaining the health of the whole organism and periodontal, in particular:

• regular consumption of vitamins and minerals, which are excellent assistants in maintaining the tone of the body.Compliance with the basic rule of healthy eating, which says the need to include in the diet a large number of fresh, hard fruits and vegetables and reduce the number of harmful products.
• permanent exercise will help strengthen muscles, improve immunity and positively affect the health of gums.
• maintaining the hygiene of the teeth and the oral cavity that very is important for maintaining the health of periodontal.In addition, when brushing your teeth, the brush produces an additional gum massage, which increases blood flow and cleans plaque.
• Particular attention should be paid to the condition of the internal organs, as in people suffering from periodontitis, almost always diagnose severe chronic diseases.

The key to preventing the development of periodontitis is regular care for the health of the body.Even more dangerous is periodontal disease, which makes the lack of available information about the disease, in contrast to other problems with the oral cavity, which can be cured quite simply.